The Fortifications of Pompeii and Ancient Italy

Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
List of figures
List of color plates
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1 Prolegomena to the city walls of Pompeii
	The city walls and the theories on the urbanization of Pompeii
	Excavating the fortifications
2 Defense and the genesis of the community
	The Pappamonte and Orthostat fortifications and the city
		The Orthostat wall
		The Altstadt as nucleus of Pompeii
	Walls, gods, politics, and the early community
3 A new enceinte for a new city
	Reconstructing the Samnite circuit
	Achieving an ornamental effect
		Gates and towers in the first Samnite circuit
	Upgrading the defenses
		Emphasizing the transition through the fortifications
	Reaching new heights: opus incertum and the next phase of construction
		New elements to old gates
		The towers
4 Establishing an image for Samnite Pompeii
	Calibrating the image of the expanding city
		Building materials and the image of Pompeii
	Samnite Pompeii defines its image
		Fortifications and the urban network
	The image of the high Samnite city
		Patronage and display at the walls
		Naming the fortifications
5 The fortifications and the Roman colony
	After the battle
	Reconstructing the walls
	The development of the gates
		Porta Marina
		The Augustan gates
		The postearthquake interventions on the Porta Ercolano and Porta Vesuvio
	Change and continuity in the towers
	The changing role of the fortifications
Color plates
6 The fortifications and Roman Pompeii
	Adjusting the civic image
	The significance of an entertainment district: the fortifications, the Amphitheater, and the Palaestra
	Claiming public land
	Fortifications and the tomb: dialogues in social order
	City walls in the domestic sphere: reflections of urban and social ideals
7 Contemporary fortifications in Italy and the Mediterranean
	External influences and military tactics affecting design
		The closest parallel to the Pompeian circuit
	Masonry, fortifications, and the definition of a city
	Polychrome masonry and city walls
		Towers and the ornamentation of the city
	Patronage and the concept of the city
8 City walls and the gods
	The development of Venus Pompeiana
	Religion, fortifications, and identity outside Pompeii
	Patronage, religion, and power at the gates
Glossary
Bibliography
Index