The Economics of Immigration Beyond the Cities: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Insights

Preface
Contents
About the Authors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1: What Is This Book About? Introductory Positioning
	1.1 Trends in Migration Flows and Policies
	1.2 Migration Flows and the Spatial Distribution of Immigrants
	1.3 Economic Structure and Spatiality
	1.4 The Economic Effects of Immigration
	1.5 The Aim and Scope of This Book
	1.6 Methodological Considerations and Personal Reflections
	1.7 The Structure of the Book
	References
Chapter 2: Economic Theory and Migration
	2.1 Determinants of International Migration
	2.2 Economic Effects of International Migration
		Costs of Immigration
			Decrease in Wages
			Costs of Integration
		Benefits of Migration
			The Immigration Surplus
			Increase in Market Size
			Increase in Local Consumption
		Questioning the Assumptions
			No Fixed Capital
			No Perfect Substitution
		Other Aspects
			Technical Progress and Product Mix
			Increase of Internal Migration
			Decrease of Regional Wage Differentials
	2.3 Previous Empirical Results on the Effects of Immigration
		Economic Consequences at an Aggregate Level
			Economic Growth
			Structural Change and Rationalisation
			Human Capital
			Taxes and Fiscal Transfers
		Economic Consequences at an Individual Level
			Unemployment and Wages
			Entrepreneurship and Innovation
			Housing and Segregation
	2.4 Summary
	References
Chapter 3: Migration Beyond the Cities
	3.1 Urban-Rural Divide
	3.2 Attractiveness of Regions Beyond the Cities for Migrants
		The Theoretical Perspective
		Empirical Evidence on the Regional Preferences of Migrants
	3.3 Effects of Migration on a Regional Level—Empirical Evidence
	3.4 Analytical Framework on the Effects of Migration in Non-urban Areas
		The Case of an Excess Demand for Labour
		The Case of an Excess Supply for Labour
		Other Aspects
	3.5 Concluding Remarks and Guiding Research Questions
	References
Chapter 4: Data and Methods
	4.1 Research Framework
	4.2 Data
	4.3 Indicators
	4.4 Methods
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Immigration Beyond the Cities: An Analysis
	5.1 Labour Market Needs in Rural Areas—An Ageing Europe
	5.2 The Potential of Migrants—Educational Attainment Level and Employment Situation
	5.3 Migrants as Consumers—The Economic Situation of Migrants
	5.4 Migrants as Innovators?—A Way Out of a Potential Vicious Circle of Underdevelopment
	5.5 Overall Economic Effects of Migration—TCN and Economic Growth
	5.6 Do Regions Beyond the Cities Gain Nevertheless?—The Relevance of Fiscal Regulations
	5.7 Summary
	References
Chapter 6: Policy Considerations
	6.1 Existing Policies
		The Idea of an A-spatial Economic Structure
		Immigrant Settlement Strategies
		The Labour Market Situation for Immigrants
		The Role of the European Union
	6.2 The Needed Policy Design
		The Economic Heterogeneity of Immigrants
		The Policy Actors
		Policy Challenges to Address
	6.3 Potential Ways Forward
		A New Classification for Migrants
		A New System of Distribution of Refugees
		The Chicken or the Egg: Which Came First?
	6.4 Concluding Remarks
	References
Chapter 7: The Multi-faceted Implications of Immigration: Reflections and Conclusions
	7.1 What Are the Main Findings?
	7.2 Policy Options
	7.3 Looking Onwards and Outwards
	7.4 Conclusion
	References
Index