The Economic History of the Caribbean Since the Napoleonic Wars

Cover
The Economic History of the Caribbean since the Napoleonic Wars
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction
PART I: THE CARIBBEAN IN THE AGE OF FREE TRADE: From the Napoleonic Wars to 1900
	2 The Core and the Caribbean
		2.1. GEOPOLITICS IN THE CORE
		2.2. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE CORE
		2.3. TRADE AND TARIFF POLICY IN THE CORE
		2.4. THE ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE AND SLAVE EMANCIPATION
	3 From Scarce to Surplus Labour in the Caribbean
		3.1. POPULATION CHANGE
		3.2. SLAVERY AND THE ILLEGAL TRAFFIC IN SLAVES
		3.3. COERCION WITHOUT SLAVERY
		3.4. INWARD MIGRATION
		3.5. SURPLUS LABOUR, FREE LABOUR AND WAGE RATES
	4 Global Commodity Trade and Its Implications for the Caribbean
		4.1. CARIBBEAN EXPORTS IN 1820
		4.2. DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF LEADING COMMODITIES
		4.3. MARKET ACCESS IN THE CORE
		4.4. COMMODITY PRICES AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
	5 Caribbean Foreign Trade
		5.1. TRADE STRUCTURE
		5.2. TRADE PATTERNS
		5.3. THE TERMS OF TRADE
		5.4. DOMESTIC EXPORTS PER HEAD
	6 The Domestic Economy in the Caribbean
		6.1. GOODS AND SERVICES FOR THE HOME MARKET
		6.2. INFRASTRUCTURE
		6.3. PUBLIC FINANCE
		6.4. MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
	7 Haiti: From Independence to US Occupation
		7.1. HAITI AND THE CORE
		7.2. THE EXPORT SECTOR
		7.3. PUBLIC FINANCE
		7.4. WHEN AND WHY DID HAITI FALL BEHIND?
PART II: THE CARIBBEAN IN THE AGE OF PREFERENCES: From 1900 to 1960
	8 The Core and the Caribbean
		8.1. THE WORLD ECONOMY
		8.2. THE UNITED STATES AND THE CARIBBEAN
		8.3. THE UK AND THE CARIBBEAN
		8.4. THE REST OF THE CORE AND THE CARIBBEAN
	9 Caribbean Foreign Trade
		9.1. THE COMMODITY STRUCTURE OF EXPORTS
		9.2. COUNTRY SHARES IN DOMESTIC EXPORTS
		9.3. THE TERMS OF TRADE
		9.4. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS PER HEAD
		APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 9. A SELECTION OF NATURAL DISASTERS, 1900-1960
	10 The Caribbean Domestic Economy
		10.1. NATIONAL INCOME
		10.2. THE STRUCTURE OF OUTPUT AND EMPLOYMENT
		10.3. PUBLIC FINANCE
		10.4. MIGRATION
	11 The Rise, Decline and Fall of the Belizean Economy before Independence
		11.1. PROSPERITY WITHOUT SUSTAINABILITY: FROM SETTLEMENT TO COLONY
		11.2. COLONIALISM AND ECONOMIC DECLINE
		11.3. THE FALL OF THE BELIZE ECONOMY: 1900-1950
		11.4. DEVALUATION, DIVERSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT
		APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 11. BELIZE\'S NINETEENTH-CENTURY EXPORTS
		LOGWOOD AND MAHOGANY VOLUMES
		LOGWOOD AND MAHOGANY PRICES
		DOMESTIC EXPORTS, RE-EXPORTS AND MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
		THE CURRENCY QUESTION
PART III: THE CARIBBEAN IN THE AGE OF GLOBALISATION: From 1960 to the Present
	12 The Core and the Caribbean
		12.1. THE WORLD ECONOMY
		12.2. THE UNITED STATES AND THE CARIBBEAN
		12.3. EUROPE AND THE CARIBBEAN
		12.4. THE REST OF THE CORE AND THE CARIBBEAN
		APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 12. CARIBBEAN MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES, THE EUROPEAN UNION, CANADA AND CHINA
			I. United States
				A. Caribbean Exports to the United States, 1960–1980 (%)
				B. Caribbean Exports to the United States, 1980–2008 (%)
				C. Caribbean Imports from the United States, 1980–2008 (%)
			II. European Union
				A. Caribbean Imports from the EU, 1980–2008 (%)
				B. Caribbean Exports to the EU, 1980–2008 (%)
			III. Canada
				A. Caribbean Exports to Canada, 1980–2008 (%)
				B. Caribbean Imports from Canada, 1980–2008 (%)
			IV. China
				A. Caribbean Imports from China, 1980–2008 (%)
				B. Caribbean Exports to China, 1980–2008 (%)
	13 Structural Change in the Caribbean
		13.1. MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
		13.2. SERVICE EXPORTS
		13.3. THE PUBLIC SECTOR
		13.4. URBANISATION
	14 Import Substitution, Manufacturing Export Promotion and Regional Integration in the Caribbean
		14.1. IMPORT SUBSTITUTION
		14.2. MANUFACTURING EXPORT PROMOTION
		14.3. REGIONAL INTEGRATION
	15 Caribbean Economic Performance
		15.1. PRODUCTION
		15.2. DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN AND WITHIN COUNTRIES
		15.3. THE LABOUR MARKET, MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES
		15.4. THE ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
	16 The Cuban Economy since the Revolution
		16.1. FROM CAPITALISM TO SOCIALISM: 1959–1963
		16.2. GROWTH WITH EQUITY: 1964–1989
		16.3. THE SPECIAL PERIOD AND ITS AFTERMATH
		16.4. THE CUBAN ECONOMY SINCE THE NAPOLEONIC WARS
Statistical Appendix
	A. NINETEENTH CENTURY
	B. HAITI: C.1820–1915
	C. 1900–1960
	D. 1960–2008
Notes on A Tables
	TABLES A.1–A.9
	SOURCES FOR TABLES A.1–A.9
		TABLE A.I. POPULATION
			Hispaniola
				Haiti
				Dominican Republic
			Spanish Colonies
				Cuba
				Puerto Rico
			British Colonies
			French Colonies
			Dutch Colonies
				Dutch Antilles
				Suriname
			Scandinavian Colonies
				Danish Virgin Islands
				St Barthélemy
		TABLE A.2. SALVE POPULATION
			Hispaniola
			Spanish Colonies
				Cuba
				Puerto Rico
			British Colonies
			French Colonies
			Dutch Colonies
				Dutch Antilles
				Suriname
			Scandinavian Colonies
		TABLES A.3. AND A.4. CRUDE BIRTH RATES AND CRUDE DEATH RATES
			Hispaniola
				Haiti
				Dominican Republic
			Spanish Colonies
				Cuba
				Puerto Rico
			British Colonies
				Anguilla
				Antigua
				The Bahamas
				Barbados
				Belize
				British Virgin Islands
				Cayman Islands
				Dominica
				Grenada
				Guyana
				Jamaica
				Montserrat
				Nevis
				St Kitts
				St Lucia
				St Vincent
				Tobago
				Trinidad
				Turks & Caicos Islands
			French Colonies
				French Guiana
				Guadeloupe
				Martinique
			Dutch Colonies
				Dutch Antilles
				Suriname
			Scandinavian Colonies
				Danish Virgin Islands
				St Barthélemy
		TABLE A.5. SLAVE IMPORTS
			Spanish Colonies
			Puerto Rico
			British Colonies
			French Colonies
			Dutch Colonies
			Scandinavian Colonies
		TABLE A.6. NET INWARD MIGRATION (EXCLUDING SLAVE IMPORTS) AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION
			Hispaniola
				Haiti
				Dominican Republic
			Spanish Colonies
				Cuba
				Puerto Rico
			British Colonies
			French Colonies
				French Guiana
				Guadeloupe
				Martinique
			Dutch Colonies
				Dutch Antilles
				Suriname
			Scandinavian Colonies
		TABLE A.7. SCHOOL ENROLMENT
		TABLES A.8 AND A.9. PREDIAL AND SKILLED WAGE RATES (1870=100)
	TABLES A.10–A.22
	DESCRIPTION OF TABLES
		TABLE A.10. EXPORT DATA BY COUNTRY
		TABLE A.11. DOMESTIC EXPORTS
		TABLE A.12. RE-EXPORTS
		TABLE A.13. MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
		TABLE A.14. DOMESTIC EXPORTS (1860 PRICES)
		TABLE A.15. UNIT VALUE OF EXPORTS (1860=100)
		TABLE A.16. EXPORT VOLUME INDEX (1860=100)
		TABLE A.17. VALUE OF COMMODITY EXPORTS (CURRENT AND 1860 PRICES)
		TABLE A.18. STRUCTURE OF EXPORTS (CURRENT AND 1860 PRICES)
		TABLE A.19. PRICES OF PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
		TABLE A.20. EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES (%)
		TABLE A.21. EXPORTS TO THE UK (%)
		TABLE A.22. EXPORTS TO THE ‘MOTHER’ COUNTRY (%)
	SOURCES FOR TABLES A.10–A.22
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Spanish Colonies
			Cuba
			Puerto Rico
		British Colonies
		French Colonies
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Colonies
			Dutch Antilles
			Suriname
		Scandinavian Colonies
			Danish Virgin Islands
			St Barthélemy
	TABLES A.23–A.32
	SOURCES FOR TABLES A.23–A.32
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Spanish Colonies
			Cuba
			Puerto Rico
		British Colonies
		French Colonies
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Colonies
			Dutch Antilles
			Suriname
		Scandinavian Colonies
			Danish Virgin Islands
			St Barthélemy
	TABLES A.33–A.38
	SOURCES FOR TABLES A.33–A.38
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Spanish Colonies
			Cuba
			Puerto Rico
		British Colonies
		French Colonies
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Colonies
			Dutch Antilles
			Suriname
		Scandinavian Colonies
			Danish Virgin Islands
			St Barthélemy
Notes on B Tables
	TABLES B.1-B.10
	SOURCES FOR TABLES B.1-B.10
	TABLE B.1. POPULATION AND THE EXCHANGE RATE
		Population
		The Exchange Rate
	TABLE B.2. EXPORTS OF FOUR MAIN PRODUCTS BY VOLUME AND VALUE
		Coffee Exports
		Logwood Exports
		Cacao Exports
		Cotton Exports
	TABLES B.3-B.5
	TABLES B.6-B.7
	TABLE B.8. NET BARTER AND INCOME TERMS OF TRADE (1860100)
	TABLE B.9. PUBLIC REVENUE AND IMPORT DUTIES
	TABLE B.10. PUBLIC EXPENDITURE BY CATEGORY (%)
		External Debt Service
		Internal Debt Service
		External Claims
		Armed Forces
		Public Education
		Agriculture
	APPENDIX TO NOTES ON B TABLES
Notes on C Tables
	TABLES C.1-C.3
	SOURCES FOR TABLES C.1-C.3
	TABLES C.1 AND C.1A. POPULATION
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Cuba
		British Dependencies
		French Dependencies
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Dependencies
			Dutch Antilles
			Suriname
		US Dependencies
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLES C.2 AND C.3
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Cuba
		British Dependencies
		French Dependencies
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe and Martinique
		Dutch Dependencies
			Dutch Antilles
			Suriname
		US Dependencies
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLES C.4-C.32
	TABLE C.4. EXCHANGE RATES
	TABLE C.5. COUNTRY EXPORT DATA
	TABLES C.6-C.8. DOMESTIC EXPORTS, RE-EXPORTS AND MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
	TABLE C.9. DOMESTIC EXPORTS (1930 US DOLLARS)
	TABLE C.10. UNIT VALUE OF EXPORTS (1930100)
	TABLE C.11. EXPORT VOLUME INDEX (1930100)
	TABLE C.12. VALUE OF COMMODITY EXPORTS
	TABLE C.13. STRUCTURE OF DOMESTIC EXPORTS (%)
	TABLE C.14. COMMODITY PRICES
	TABLES C.15-C.17. EXPORTS BY DESTINATION (%)
	TABLES C.18-C.21. MERCHANDISE AND RETAINED IMPORTS AT CURRENT AND CONSTANT (1930) PRICES
	TABLES C.22-C.24. IMPORTS BY SOURCE (%)
	TABLE C.25. IMPORT PRICE INDEX (1930100)
	TABLES C.26-C.27. NET BARTER TERMS OF TRADE AND INCOME TERMS OF TRADE (1930100)
	TABLES C.28-C.31. PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE AT CURRENT AND CONSTANT (1930) PRICES
	TABLE C.32. PRICE INDEX FOR PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE (1930100)
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Dominican Republic
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Cuba
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
		British Dependencies
			Antigua
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Bahamas
			Barbados
			Belize
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Dominica
			Grenada
			Guyana
			Jamaica
			Montserrat
			St Kitts, Nevis & Anguilla
			St Lucia
			St Vincent
			Trinidad & Tobago
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Dependencies
			French Guiana
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Guadeloupe
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Martinique
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
		Dutch Dependencies
			Dutch Antilles
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			Suriname
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
		United States Dependencies
			Puerto Rico
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
			US Virgin Islands
				EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
				PRINCIPAL EXPORT PRODUCTS
				TRADE BY MAIN MARKET (%)
				PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE
Notes on D Tables
	TABLES D.1 AND D.1a. POPULATION
	TABLES D.2 AND D.3. CRUDE BIRTH AND DEATH RATES
	TABLE D.4. EXCHANGE RATES
		Cuba
		Anguilla and Montserrat
		British Virgin Islands and Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Guiana, Guadeloupe and Martinique
		Suriname
		Puerto Rico
	TABLE D.5. PRINCIPAL COMMODITY EXPORT VALUES
		Sugar
			Guadeloupe and Martinique
			Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands
		Molasses
		Bananas
		Tobacco Leaf
		Coffee
		Cacao
		Citrus
		Rice
		Petroleum
		Nonfuel Minerals
			Hispaniola
				HAITI
				DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
			Cuba
			CARICOM
				GUYANA
				JAMAICA
				SURINAME
			French Territories
				FRENCH GUIANA
	TABLE D.6. MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			The Bahamas
			Barbados
			Belize
			Jamaica
			St Lucia
			St Kitts & Nevis
			Trinidad & Tobago
			Suriname
		British Territories
			Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.7. SERVICE EXPORTS
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			The Bahamas
			Barbados
			Belize
			Dominica
			Grenada
			Guyana
			Jamaica
			St Kitts & Nevis
			St Lucia
			St Vincent
			Suriname
			Trinidad & Tobago
		BRITISH TERRITORIES
			Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.8. TOTAL EXPORTS
		Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos
	TABLE D.9. TOTAL EXPORTS PRICE INDEX (2000100)
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			The Bahamas
			Barbados
			Belize
			Dominica
			Grenada
			Guyana
			Jamaica
			St Kitts & Nevis
			St Lucia
			St Vincent
			Suriname
			Trinidad & Tobago
		British Territories
			Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.10. TOTAL EXPORTS AT 2000 PRICES
	TABLE D.11. MERCHANDISE IMPORTS
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			Bahamas
			Jamaica
			St Kitts & Nevis
		British Territories
			Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.12. SERVICE IMPORTS
		Hispaniola
			Haiti
			Dominican Republic
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Barbados
			Guyana
			Jamaica
			Suriname
			Trinidad & Tobago
		British Territories
			Anguilla
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.13. TOTAL IMPORTS
	TABLE D.14. TOTAL IMPORTS PRICE INDEX (2000100)
	TABLE D.15. TOTAL IMPORTS AT 2000 PRICES
	TABLE D.16. NET BARTER TERMS OF TRADE (2000100)
	TABLE D.17. INCOME TERMS OF TRADE (2000100)
	TABLE D.18. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			Bahamas
			Dominica
			Grenada
			St Lucia
			Suriname
		British Territories
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.19. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (2000 PRICES)
		Cuba
		CARICOM
			Antigua
			Bahamas
			Dominica
			Grenada
			Jamaica
			St Kitts & Nevis
			St Lucia
			Suriname
		British Territories
			British Virgin Islands
			Cayman Islands
			Montserrat
			Turks & Caicos Islands
		French Territories
			French Guiana
			Guadeloupe
			Martinique
		Dutch Territories
			Dutch Antilles
			Aruba
		US Territories
			Puerto Rico
			US Virgin Islands
	TABLE D.20. ANNUAL INFLATION (%)
Bibliography
Index