The Eastern European Economy in Context: Communism and the Transition (Eastern Europe Since 1945)

BOOK COVER......Page 1
HALF-TITLE......Page 2
TITLE......Page 3
COPYRIGHT......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 5
TABLES......Page 6
MAPS......Page 7
ABBREVIATIONS......Page 8
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 10
REFERENCES......Page 18
IDEOLOGY, POLITICAL STRUCTURES ANDPOPULATION......Page 21
Population......Page 23
International migration and ethnicity......Page 27
ECONOMY......Page 32
Comecon......Page 34
Economic reform......Page 35
INDUSTRIAL LOCATION......Page 38
Dispersal of industry......Page 39
SOCIALIST AGRICULTURE......Page 42
Limited reforms......Page 45
INFRASTRUCTURE......Page 47
Transport......Page 48
Power......Page 51
Tourism......Page 52
Urban settlement......Page 56
Socialist cities......Page 60
Rural settlement......Page 62
REGIONS......Page 66
ENVIRONMENT......Page 69
CONCLUSION......Page 74
REFERENCES......Page 75
3 THE TRANSITION......Page 92
THE STATE SYSTEM......Page 97
Unification in Germany......Page 99
Other potential unions......Page 100
The collapse of federal structures......Page 101
Former Czechoslovakia......Page 102
Former Yugoslavia: disintegration and civil war (Cohen 1995;Crnobrnja 1994)......Page 103
Former Yugoslavia: problems in Kosovo and Macedonia......Page 108
A NEW SECURITY AND ECONOMIC SUPPORTSYSTEM......Page 110
Involvement by individual EU member states......Page 112
Italy......Page 113
CIVIL SOCIETY......Page 114
Population......Page 116
Migration: patterns of movement......Page 117
Migration: towards a policy......Page 121
Welfare, culture and gender......Page 123
Gender......Page 125
Ethnicity......Page 126
Jews and Gypsies......Page 129
CONCLUSION......Page 131
REFERENCES......Page 132
4 TRANSITION TO A MARKET ECONOMY......Page 143
THE EAST EUROPEAN WORKFORCE......Page 146
ECONOMIC REFORM AND THE GROWTH OF THEPRIVATE SECTOR......Page 151
Banking and the business infrastructure......Page 154
PRIVATISATION......Page 156
The political and economic rationale......Page 158
Privatisation options......Page 160
CONCEPTUALISING THE TRANSITION......Page 162
TRADE AND EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE......Page 164
Local trade situations......Page 167
Aid and investment......Page 168
Cultural and aid organisations......Page 172
CONCLUSION: REGIONAL ISSUES......Page 173
REFERENCES......Page 175
FORMER CZECHOSLOVAKIA (FCSFR)......Page 183
The reform programme......Page 184
The Czech Republic......Page 186
Slovakia......Page 189
FORMER GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC(FGDR)......Page 191
Unification......Page 192
Economic policy......Page 194
Privatisation......Page 195
HUNGARY......Page 196
The Antall and Horn governments......Page 199
Private and foreign investment......Page 202
Enterprise and regional contrasts......Page 204
POLAND......Page 205
The Solidarity era......Page 206
Economic and social reform......Page 207
Consolidating the reforms......Page 208
Foreign investment......Page 212
Swing to the left......Page 213
REFERENCES......Page 215
Momentum for revolution......Page 223
Democratic party in power......Page 225
The economy......Page 226
Democracy......Page 228
The economy......Page 230
Foreign assistance and investment......Page 231
ROMANIA......Page 233
The new order......Page 234
Privatisation......Page 239
Investment......Page 242
FORMER FEDEREAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA(FFRY)......Page 244
Bosnia-Hercegovina......Page 246
Croatia......Page 247
Macedonia......Page 250
Slovenia......Page 253
Serbia......Page 256
Montenegro......Page 258
REFERENCES......Page 259
AGRICULTURE: STRUCTURAL CHANGE......Page 265
Cooperatives......Page 266
Reorganisation in the northern countries......Page 271
Reorganisation in the northern countries: the case of Poland......Page 273
Restructuring in the Balkan countries......Page 274
The state farms......Page 276
AGRICULTURE: PRODUCTION, MARKETING ANDFINANCE......Page 279
Marketing......Page 280
State intervention policies......Page 283
Changing production patterns......Page 286
RURAL DIVERSIFICATION......Page 287
FOOD-PROCESSING......Page 292
Dairying......Page 293
Wine......Page 294
Beer and other beverages......Page 296
INDUSTRIAL RESTRUCTURING......Page 297
Restructuring in the south......Page 301
INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE......Page 303
Light industry......Page 304
Heavy industry: the case of metallurgy......Page 306
Steel in traditional markets: shipbuilding and armaments......Page 310
Armaments......Page 311
EXPANDING INDUSTRIAL SECTORS: THE MOTORVEHICLE INDUSTRY......Page 313
REFERENCES......Page 318
8 PROSPECTS FOR THE REGIONS OF EASTERN EUROPE......Page 325
CONCLUSION......Page 353
REFERENCES......Page 355
EASTERN EUROPE......Page 362
BULGARIA......Page 378
FORMER CZECHOSLOVAKIA......Page 379
FORMER GDR......Page 381
HUNGARY......Page 384
POLAND......Page 386
ROMANIA......Page 388
FORMER YUGOSLAVIA......Page 390
INDEX......Page 393