The Developing Person Through the Life Span, 11th Edition

Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Author
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Part I The Beginnings
	Chapter 1 The Science of Human Development
		Understanding How and Why
			The Scientific Method
				A View from Science: Priming
			The Nature–Nurture Controversy
		The Life-Span Perspective
			Development Is Multidirectional
			Development Is Multicontextual
			Development Is Multicultural
			Development Is Multidisciplinary
			Development Is Plastic
				Inside the Brain: Thinking About Marijuana
				A Case to Study: David
		Using the Scientific Method
			Observation
			The Experiment
			The Survey
			Meta-Analysis
			Studying Development over the Life Span
		Cautions and Challenges from Science
			Correlation and Causation
			Quantity and Quality
			Ethics
		Chapter 1 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Diverse Complexities
	Chapter 2 Theories
		Grand Theories
			What Theories Are
			Psychodynamic Theory: Freud and Erikson
			Behaviorism: Conditioning and Learning
			Cognitive Theory: Piaget and Information Processing
				Inside the Brain: Measuring Mental Activity
				A View from Science: Walk a Mile
		Newer Theories
			Sociocultural Theory: Vygotsky and Beyond
			Evolutionary Theory
		What Theories Contribute
			Opposing Perspectives: Toilet Training — How and When?
		Chapter 2 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Highlights of the Science of Human Development
	Chapter 3 The New Genetics
		The Genetic Code
			46 to 21,000 to 3 Billion
			Same and Different
			Matching Genes and Chromosomes
				A Case to Study: Women Engineers
				Opposing Perspectives: Too Many Boys?
		New Cells, New People
			Cells and Identity
			Twins and More
		From Genotype to Phenotype
			Many Factors
			Gene–Gene Interactions
			Nature and Nurture
			Practical Applications
		Chromosomal and Genetic Problems
			Not Exactly 46
			Gene Disorders
			Genetic Counseling and Testing
				A View from Science: The Genes of Psychological Disorders
		Chapter 3 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: One Baby or More?
	Chapter 4 Prenatal Development and Birth
		Prenatal Development
			Germinal: The First 14 Days
			Embryo: From the Third Week Through the Eighth Week
			Fetus: From the Ninth Week Until Birth
				Inside the Brain: Essential Connections
		Birth
			The Newborn’s First Minutes
			Medical Assistance at Birth
				Opposing Perspectives: Interventions in the Birth Process
		Problems and Solutions
			Risk Analysis
			Harmful Substances
				A Case to Study: Behavioral Teratogens
			Prenatal Diagnosis
				A View from Science: What Is Safe?
			Low Birthweight: Causes and Consequences
		The New Family
			The Newborn
			New Mothers
			New Fathers
			Family Bonding
		Chapter 4 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Genetic Counselor
			Visualizing Development: The Apgar
Part II The First Two Years
	Chapter 5 The First Two Years: Biosocial Development
		Body Changes
			Body Size
			Sleep
				Opposing Perspectives: Where Should Babies Sleep?
			Brain Development
				Inside the Brain: Brains from Back to Front
			Harming the Body and Brain
		Perceiving and Moving
			The Senses
			Touch and Pain
				A View from Science: Addiction in Newborns
			Motor Skills
			Cultural Variations
		Surviving and Thriving
			A Case to Study: Scientist at Work
			Immunization
			Nutrition
			Malnutrition
		Chapter 5 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Immunization
	Chapter 6 The First Two Years: Cognitive Development
		The Eager Mind
			Listening to Learn
			Looking to Learn
			Core Knowledge
				A View from Science: Face Recognition
			Theories of the Infant Mind
			Infant Memory
		Piaget’s Sensorimotor Intelligence
			Stages One and Two: Primary Circular Reactions
			Stages Three and Four: Secondary Circular Reactions
				Opposing Perspectives: Object Permanence
			Stages Five and Six: Tertiary Circular Reactions
		Language: What Develops in the First Two Years?
			The Universal Sequence
				A Case to Study: Early Speech
			The Naming Explosion
			Theories of Language Learning
		Chapter 6 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Early Communication and Language Development
	Chapter 7 The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development
		Emotional Development
			Early Emotions
			Toddlers’ Emotions
			Temperament
				Inside the Brain: The Growth of Emotions
		The Development of Social Bonds
			Synchrony
			Attachment
				A View from Science: Measuring Attachment
				A Case to Study: Can We Bear This Commitment?
			Social Referencing
			Fathers as Social Partners
		Theories of Infant Psychosocial Development
			Psychoanalytic Theory
			Behaviorism
			Cognitive Theory
			Evolutionary Theory
		Who Should Care for Babies?
			Complications of Interpretation
			Exclusive Mother-Care
				Opposing Perspectives: Why Doesn’t Everyone Agree?
			Problems with Nonmaternal Care
			Cohort Differences
		Chapter 7 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Pediatrician and the Pediatric Nurse
			Visualizing Development: Developing Attachment
Part III Early Childhood
	Chapter 8 Early Childhood: Biosocial Development
		Body Changes
			Growth Patterns
			Nutrition
		Brain Growth
			Myelination
				Inside the Brain: Connected Hemispheres
			Maturation of the Prefrontal Cortex
			Inhibition and Flexibility
			Advancing Motor Skills
		Harm to Children
			Avoidable Injury
				A Case to Study: My Baby Swallowed Poison
			Prevention
				A View from Science: Lead in the Environment
			Child Maltreatment
			Preventing Harm
		Chapter 8 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Developing Motor Skills
	Chapter 9 Early Childhood: Cognitive Development
		Thinking During Early Childhood
			Executive Function
			Piaget: Preoperational Thought
				A Case to Study: Stones in the Belly
			Vygotsky: Social Learning
			Children’s Theories
				Inside the Brain: The Role of Experience
		Language Learning
			The Sensitive Time for Language Learning
			The Vocabulary Explosion
			Acquiring Grammar
			Learning Two Languages
		Early-Childhood Schooling
			Homes and Schools
			Child-Centered Programs
			Teacher-Directed Programs
				Opposing Perspectives: Comparing Child-Centered and Teacher-Directed Preschools
			Intervention Programs
			Long-Term Gains from Intensive Programs
		Chapter 9 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Early-Childhood Schooling
	Chapter 10 Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development
		Emotional Development
			A View from Science: Waiting for the Marshmallow
			Initiative Versus Guilt
			Motivation
		Play
			Playmates
			Social Play
		Challenges for Caregivers
			Styles of Caregiving
			Discipline
				Opposing Perspectives: Spare the Rod?
			Becoming Boys or Girls: Sex and Gender
				A Case to Study: The Berger Daughters
			Teaching Right and Wrong
		Chapter 10 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Preschool Teacher
			Visualizing Development: More Play Time, Less Screen Time
Part IV Middle Childhood
	Chapter 11 Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development
		A Healthy Time
			Statistics on Health
			Health Habits
			Physical Activity
			Motor Skills and School
			Health Problems in Middle Childhood
		Brain Development
			Brains and Motion
			Measuring the Mind
				A View from Science: The Flynn Effect
		Children with Special Brains and Bodies
			Many Causes, Many Symptoms
				Opposing Perspectives: Drug Treatment for ADHD and Other Disorders
			Specific Learning Disorders
			Special Education
				A Case to Study: The Gifted and Talented
		Chapter 11 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Childhood Obesity Around the World
	Chapter 12 Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development
		Thinking
			Piaget on Middle Childhood
			Vygotsky and Culture
				Opposing Perspectives: Two or Twenty Pills a Day
			Information Processing
				Inside the Brain: Coordination and Capacity
		Language
			Vocabulary
			Speaking Two Languages
			Poverty and Language
		Teaching and Learning
			The Curriculum
			International Testing
				A Case to Study: Happiness or High Grades?
			Schooling in the United States
		Chapter 12 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Education in Middle Childhood
	Chapter 13 Middle Childhood: The Social World
		The Nature of the Child
			Industry and Inferiority
			Parental Reactions
			Self-Concept
			Resilience and Stress
		Families During Middle Childhood
			Shared and Nonshared Environments
				A View from Science: “I Always Dressed One in Blue Stuff …”
			Function and Structure
			Various Family Structures
			Connecting Family Structure and Function
				A Case to Study: How Hard Is It to Be a Kid?
			Family Trouble
		The Peer Group
			The Culture of Children
			Friendships
			Popular and Unpopular Children
			Bullying
			Children’s Morality
				Opposing Perspectives: Parents Versus Peers
		Chapter 13 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Speech Therapist
			Visualizing Development: Family Structures Around the World
Part V Adolescence
	Chapter 14 Adolescence: Biosocial Development
		Puberty Begins
			Sequence
			Unseen Beginnings
			Brain Growth
				Inside the Brain: Lopsided Growth
			When Will Puberty Begin?
				A View from Science: Stress and Puberty
			Too Early, Too Late
		Growth and Nutrition
			Growing Bigger and Stronger
			Diet Deficiencies
			Eating Disorders
		Sexual Maturation
			Sexual Characteristics
			Sexual Activity
			Sexual Problems in Adolescence
		Chapter 14 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Satisfied with Your Body?
	Chapter 15 Adolescence: Cognitive Development
		Logic and Self
			Egocentrism
			Formal Operational Thought
		Two Modes of Thinking
			Intuitive and Analytic Processing
				A Case to Study: Biting the Policeman
			Better Thinking
				Inside the Brain: Stop and Think? No
		Technology and Cognition
			Digital Natives
			Technology in Schools
			Sexual Abuse?
			Computer Addiction
			Cyber Danger
		Secondary Education
			Definitions and Facts
			Middle School
			High School
				Opposing Perspectives: High-Stakes Testing
			Variability
		Chapter 15 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: How Many Adolescents Are in School?
	Chapter 16 Adolescence: Psychosocial Development
		Identity
			Not Yet Achieved
			Arenas of Identity Formation
		Close Relationships
			Family
				A View from Science: Teens and Genes
			Peer Power
				A Case to Study: The Naiveté of Your Author
			Learning About Sex
		Sadness and Anger
			Depression
			Delinquency and Defiance
				Inside the Brain: Impulses, Rewards, and Reflection
		Drug Use and Abuse
			Age Trends
				Opposing Perspectives: E-Cigarettes: Path to Addiction or Health?
			Harm from Drugs
			Preventing Drug Abuse: What Works?
		Chapter 16 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Teacher
			Visualizing Development: Adolescent Bullying
Part VI Emerging Adulthood
	Chapter 17 Emerging Adulthood: Biosocial Development
		Biological Universals
			A New Stage
				A View from Science: Universal or WEIRD?
			Body Systems
			Health and Sickness
			Capacity for Recovery
			Examples of Load and Balancing
			Appearance
		Sexual Activity
			Births
			Universal Sex Drives
				Opposing Perspectives: Premarital Sex
		Taking Risks
			Who Are the Risk Takers?
			Benefits of Risk Taking
				A Case to Study: A Hero for Millions
		Chapter 17 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Highlights in the Journey to Adulthood
	Chapter 18 Emerging Adulthood: Cognitive Development
		A New Level of Thinking
			Postformal Thought
				Inside the Brain: A New Stage?
			Dialectical Thought
		Ethics and Religion
			Doing the Right Thing
			Faith and Practice
		Cognitive Growth and Higher Education
			Health and Wealth
				A View from Science: Women and College
			College and Cognition
				A Case to Study: Generation to Generation
			Improving the College Experience
			Technology in College
			Why Learn?
		Chapter 18 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Why Study?
	Chapter 19 Emerging Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
		Identity Achievement
			Moratoria
			Ethnic Identity
			Vocational Identity
		Identity and Intimacy
			Emerging Adults and Their Parents
			Friendship
		Romantic Partners
			The Dimensions of Love
				A Case to Study: My Students, My Daughters, and Me
			Cohabitation
				Opposing Perspectives: Making Divorce More Likely?
			Concluding Hopes
		Chapter 19 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Career Counselor
			Visualizing Development: Marital Status in the United States
Part VII Adulthood
	Chapter 20 Adulthood: Biosocial Development
		Growing Older
			Senescence
				Inside the Brain: Neurons Forming in Adulthood
			Outward Appearance
			The Senses
		The Sexual-Reproductive System
			Sexual Responsiveness
			The Sexual-Reproductive System in Middle Age
		Habits: Good and Bad
			Exercise
			Drugs
			Nutrition
			Correlating Income and Health
		Chapter 20 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Adult Overweight Around the World
	Chapter 21 Adulthood: Cognitive Development
		Intelligence Changes During Adulthood?
			Inborn IQ
			Age and IQ
			Putting It All Together
		Components of Intelligence: Many and Varied
			Two Clusters of Intelligence
			Three Forms of Intelligence
		Selective Gains and Losses
			Optimization with Compensation
			Expert Cognition
				A View from Science: Who Wins in Soccer?
			Expertise, Age, and Experience
				A Case to Study: Parenting Expertise
		Chapter 21 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Media Use Among U.S. Adults
	Chapter 22 Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
		Personality Development in Adulthood
			Erikson’s Theory
			Maslow’s Theory of Personality
			The Big Five
			Common Themes
		Intimacy: Connecting with Others
			Romantic Partners
				A Case to Study: The Benefits of Marriage
			Friends and Acquaintances
			Family Bonds
		Generativity: The Work of Adulthood
			Parenthood
				A View from Science: The Skipped-Generation Family
			Caregiving
			Employment
				Opposing Perspectives: Accommodating Diversity
			Finding the Balance
		Chapter 22 Review
			Summary
			Key Terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Physical Therapist
			Visualizing Development: Family Connections, Family Caregiving
Part VIII Late Adulthood
	Chapter 23 Late Adulthood: Biosocial Development
		Prejudice and Predictions
			The Special Harm
				A View from Science: I’m Not Like Those Other Old People
			Demography and Ageism
		Adjusting to Changes
			Microsystem Compensation: Sex
				A Case to Study: Sex Among Older Adults
			Macrosystem Compensation: Driving
			Exosystem Compensation: The Senses
			Primary and Secondary Aging
		Theories of Aging
			Wear and Tear
			It’s All Genetic
			Aging of the Cells
		Chapter 23 Review
			Summary
			Key terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answer
			Visualizing Development: Elders Behind the Wheel
	Chapter 24 Late Adulthood: Cognitive Development
		The Brain During Adulthood
			Ongoing Development
				Opposing Perspectives: Slower Thinking
		Step-by-Step Processing
			Input
			Memory
			Control Processes
			Output
		Neurocognitive Disorders
			Mild Cognitive Impairment
			The Ageism of Words
			Prevalence of NCDs
			The Many Neurocognitive Disorders
			Preventing Impairment
			Reversible Neurocognitive Disorder?
				A Case to Study: The More You Know …
		New Cognitive Development
			Erikson and Maslow
			Aesthetic Sense and Creativity
			Wisdom
		Chapter 24 Review
			Summary
			Key terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Visualizing Development: Global Prevalence of Major NCD
	Chapter 25 Late Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
		Theories of Late Adulthood
			Self Theories
				A Case to Study: Saving Old Newspapers
			Stratification Theories
		Activities in Late Adulthood
			Working
			Home Sweet Home
			Religious Involvement
			Political Activity
			Friends and Relatives
		The Frail Elderly
			Activities of Daily Life
			Preventing Frailty
			Cognitive Failure
			Caring for the Frail Elderly
				A Case to Study: A Trusted Sister
			Long-Term Care
		Chapter 25 Review
			Summary
			Key terms
			Applications
			Especially For Answers
			Observation Quiz Answers
			Career Alert: The Developmental Scientist
			Visualizing Development: Living Independently: After Age 65
Epilogue Death and Dying
	Death and Hope
		Cultures, Epochs, and Death
		Understanding Death Throughout the Life Span
		Near-Death Experiences
	Choices in Dying
		A Good Death
		Better Ways to Die
		Ethical Issues
			A Case to Study: What Is Your Intention?
			Opposing Perspectives: The “Right to Die”?
		Advance Directives
	Affirmation of Life
		Grief
		Mourning
		Placing Blame and Seeking Meaning
		Diversity of Reactions
	Epilogue Review
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Applications
		Especially For Answers
		Observation Quiz Answers
Appendix: More About Research Methods
	Make It Personal
	Read the Research
		Professional Journals and Books
		The Internet
	Additional Terms and Concepts
		Who Participates?
		Research Design
		Reporting Results
Glossary
References
Name Index
Subject Index