The Demography of Inequality in Brazil

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
Illustrations......Page 8
List of tables......Page 9
Preface......Page 12
1 - Introduction......Page 14
Population, development and inequality......Page 20
2 - Framework for the study of population, development and inequality......Page 25
Perspectives on development and inequality......Page 27
Critique......Page 32
Conceptual framework......Page 34
Economic cycles and the moving frontier......Page 63
Political change and industrial growth......Page 69
Regional inequality......Page 84
Income inequality......Page 88
Land tenure inequality......Page 92
4 - Income inequality and length of life......Page 99
The mortality decline......Page 100
Social and economic determinants of child mortality......Page 102
Regional inequality and length of life......Page 105
Household income and length of life......Page 106
Mortality and the distribution of income......Page 108
Mortality and the geographic distribution of population......Page 109
Rural--urban residence......Page 110
Who benefitted from the mortality decline?......Page 114
5 - Wage policy, infant mortality and collective social action in São Paulo......Page 117
Corporatism and organized labor in Brazil......Page 119
Wage policy......Page 124
Real wages and infant mortality, 1963--79......Page 128
Responses to urban underdevelopment......Page 138
6 - Racial inequality and child mortality......Page 148
White, black and brown in Brazil......Page 153
Racial differences in child mortality......Page 156
7 - The \"baby bust\"......Page 167
The fertility decline......Page 168
The proximate determinants of fertility......Page 170
Population policy and family planning......Page 173
Perspectives on the fertility transition......Page 176
Socioeconomic determinants of the fertility decline......Page 182
Agrarian structure and rural fertility......Page 190
8 - Income distribution and population growth......Page 197
Fertility and the distribution of income......Page 198
Population growth and the distribution of income......Page 199
Income distribution and population growth......Page 206
9 - Agrarian structure and the rural exodus......Page 214
Perspectives on urbanward migration......Page 215
Agrarian structure and rural out-migration......Page 218
The fate of the peasantry......Page 226
The magnitude of the rural exodus: 1960--70 and 1970--80......Page 229
10 - Colonization and frontier expansion in Amazônia......Page 234
Population and development policy in the Amazon......Page 235
The colonization project......Page 238
Blaming the victim and the shift in development priorities......Page 240
Land scarcity, violence and the state......Page 242
The volume of migration to the Amazon frontier......Page 244
11 - Development and persistent underemployment......Page 250
Population growth and labor supply......Page 254
Labor absorption......Page 256
12 - The demography of inequality in Brazil: summary and conclusion......Page 259
Appendix: A note on method......Page 274
Notes......Page 279
Bibliography......Page 287
Index......Page 306
CAMBRIDGE LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES......Page 315