The Capitalist Space Economy: Geographical Analysis After Ricardo, Marx and Sraffa

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Original Title Page
Original Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of tables
List of figures
Preface and acknowledgements
1 Introduction
	Introduction
	1.1 From political economy to neoclassicism and back
	1.2 analytical political economy: three views
		1.2.1 Neo-Ricardianism
		1.2.2 Fundamental Marxists
		1.2.3 Analytical Marxism
	1.3 Questions of method
	1.4 Outline of the book
	Note
PART I THE BASICS
	2 The capital controversies
		Introduction
		2.1 The reswitching debate
			2.1.1 The aggregate neoclassical model of production
			2.1.2 The impossibility of measuring capital
			2.1.3 Denying the neoclassical parables: Reswitching
			2.1.4 Politics and the distribution of income
		2.2 Implications for economic geography
		Summary
		Note
	3 The value controversies
		Introduction
		3.1 Commodities and their value
		3.2 Embodied labour values
		3.3 The labour theory of value
			3.3.1 Social necessity
			3.3.2 Empirical measurement
			3.3.3 Marxian exploitation
		3.4 Further concepts
		3.5 Labour values vis-à-vis exchange values
			3.5.1 Prices of production
			3.5.2 The transformation problem
			3.5.3 Controversies over the transformation problem
		3.6 Does joint production imply negative labour values?
		3.7 Qualitative arguments for a labour theory of value
		3.8 Geographical implications: Defining regions
		Note
PART II THE PROFIT-MAXIMIZING SPACE ECONOMY
	4 Production prices in a competitive space economy
		Introduction
		4.1 The price circuit
			4.1.1 Spatial prices and trading patterns
			4.1.2 Wage–profit frontiers
			4.1.3 The location of industry
			4.1.4 Circulation and exchange
			4.1.5 The inter-regional trade balance
		4.2 Incorporating production and circulation time
			4.2.1 Capital advanced in production
			4.2.2 Circulation time
			4.2.3 Implications for the geography of commodity production
		Summary
		Notes
		Appendix: Existence of trading and pricing equilibrium, and potentials
	5 Reswitching in a space economy
		Introduction
		5.1 An example of reswitching
			5.1.1 Background
			5.1.2 A two-region economy
			5.1.3 A single open region within a space economy
		5.2 Intra-regional location and reswitching
			5.2.1 Fixed transportation costs
			5.2.2 Endogenous transportation costs
		5.3 Inconsistencies in neoclassical economic geography
		Summary
		Notes
	6 Incorporating natural resources: rent theory
		Introduction
		6.1 Nature and scarcity
		6.2 Rent and scarcity within political economic theory: two views
			6.2.1 Marxist rent theory
			6.2.2 Neo-Ricardian rent theory
			6.2.3 Towards a reconciliation
			6.2.4 Summary
		6.3 Transport costs, multi-commodity production and differential rent
			6.3.1 Extensive differential rent
			6.3.2 Intensive differential, rent
		6.4 Differential rent and non-land resource sites
		6.5 Absolute/monopoly rent
			6.5.1 Absolute rent
			6.5.2 Monopoly rent 1
			6.5.3 Monopoly rent 2
		Summary
		Notes
	7 The city: incorporating the built environment
		Introduction
		7.1 The theoretical context
		7.2 The intra-urban location of the basic sector and rent
			7.2.1 Optimal production sector location excluding land rents
			7.2.2 Optimal location of plants with land rents
		7.3 Rent and the built environment as fixed capital
		7.4 Residential location
			7.4.1 The Garin-Lowry model
			7.4.2 Population
			7.4.3 The retail sector
			7.4.4 The housing sector
			7.4.5 Wages, rationality and class conflict: Some reconsiderations
		Summary
		Note
		Appendix: A matrix version of the Garin–Lowry model
	8 The labour value circuit
		Introduction
		8.1 The geography of labour value and exploitation
			8.1.1 Labour values
			8.1.2 Exploitation
			8.1.3 Implications for class alliances
			8.1.4 Circulation of labour value
		8.2 Unequal exchange and regional development
			8.2.1 A two-region economy
			8.2.2 A multi-regional economy
			8.2.3 Empirical studies
		Summary
	9 The quantity circuit and capital accumulation
		Introduction
		9.1 The geography of production under dynamic equilibrium
			9.1.1 The rate of capital accumulation
		9.2 Incorporating workers’ savings and capitalists’ luxuries
			9.2.1 The consumption–growth frontier
		9.3 The instability of dynamic equilibrium
			9.3.1 Responses to instability
		Summary
		Appendix: Characteristics of the dynamic equilibrium
PART III DISEQUILIBRIUM: CLASS CONTRADICTION AND STRUGGLE
	10 Class and space
		Introduction
		10.1 Class-in-itself and class-for-itself
		10.2 Class-in-itself
			10.2.1 Definitions of class
			10.2.2 Class structure
			10.2.3 Class interests
		10.3 Class-for-itself
			10.3.1 Class formation and consciousness
			10.3.2 Class struggle
		Summary
		Note
	11 Location and inter-class conflict
		Introduction
		11.1 Workers vs capitalists
			11.1.1 Geographical conflicts over income and consumption levels
			11.1.2 Power relationships: domination at the workplace
			11.1.3 Property relationships: communally owned means of production
		11.2 Workers vs landlords
			11.2.1 Conflict over rent levels
			11.2.2 Power and property relationships: community organizations
			11.2.3 Property ownership: the housing class debate
		11.3 Capitalists vs landlords
			11.3.1 Conflicts over rent
			11.3.2 Power relationships: conflict over land tenure
			11.3.3 Conflict over land ownership: capitalists, landlords and fictitious capital
		Summary
	12 Location and intra-class conflict
		Introduction
		12.1 Unintended consequences and intra-class conflict
		12.2 Intra-class conflict among capitalists
			12.2.1 The relocation decision
			12.2.2 The decision to introduce technical change
			12.2.3 The decision to specialize and trade
		12.3 Intra-class conflict among workers
			12.3.1 Direct conflict: working-class segmentation
			12.3.2 Indirect conflict: responses by capitalists
		12.4 Intra-class conflict among landowners
			12.4.1 Conflict over differential rent
			12.4.2 Conflict over monopoly rent 2
		Summary
		Note
PART IV DISEQUILIBRIUM: TECHNICAL CHANGE AND ORGANIZATION
	13 Strategies for reducing production costs
		Introduction
		13.1 Cost reduction strategies
			13.1.1 Types of technical change
			13.1.2 The rate and direction of technical change
			13.1.3 Location and the direction of technical change
			13.1.4 Impact of technical change
			13.1.5 Relocation and wage contracts
			13.1.6 The case of resources
		13.2 Fixed costs
		13.3 Reducing circulation time
		Summary
		Notes
	14 Strategies for organizational restructuring
		Introduction
		14.1 Oligopoly and the rate of profit
			14.1.1 The debate over profit rate differentials
			14.1.2 Incorporating profit rate differentials
			14.1.3 Inter-regional profit rate differentials
			14.1.4 The accumulation of investment funds
		14.2 The organization of production
		14.3 Investment strategies
		Summary
		Note
	15 Conclusions
		15.1 Summary of the argument
		15.2 Extensions
		15.3 Reflections
Glossary
Bibliography
Name Index
Subject Index