The CAHIMS Review Guide: Preparing for Success in Healthcare Information and Management Systems

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Editors
SECTION I: HEALTHCARE AND TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENTS
	1. Healthcare Environment
		Introduction
		Healthcare Delivery
			Types of Healthcare
			Places Where Care Is Provided
			Inpatient Healthcare Services
				Inpatient Hospital-Based Healthcare Services
				Non-Hospital Inpatient Facilities
				Hospice Care
			Outpatient Healthcare Services
				Other Outpatient Providers
			Healthcare Services Provided at the Federal Level
			Networks
			Managing Care Across the Continuum of Care
			Interdisciplinary Care
			Public Health
		Positions and Departments within Healthcare Organizations
			Departments in the Healthcare Field
				Management: Board of Directors
				Management: Officers
				Management: Patient Care and Information
				Healthcare Administrators
				Medical Staff
				Nursing Staff
				Physician Practices
				Non-Physician Services
			Departments Having a Focus on Patient Information
				Registration and Scheduling (Sometimes Called Patient Access)
				Health Information Management
				Information Services
			Other Departments
				Facilities Department
				Teaching and Research Departments
		Healthcare Financing and Regulation
			Health Insurance Coverage
				European Health Insurance
				U.S. Health Insurance
				Managed Care Plans
				Government-Funded Insurance
			The Medical Billing Process
				The Medical Billing Cycle
				Medical Code Sets
				Reimbursement
			Health Insurance Regulation
				ERISA
				Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
				Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
				HIPAA Privacy Rule
				The Women’s Health and Cancer Rights Act (WHCRA)
				ACA
				ARRA and the HITECH Act
				Promoting Interoperability (Formerly Known as Meaningful Use)
			Accreditation, Certification and Licensure
				Accreditation
				Certification
				Licensure
		Summary
		References
	2. Technology Environment
		Introduction
		Global Trends in Health IT
		Health Information Technology and Health Information Systems
			Cost Concerns as a Driver of Health IT Use
			Quality-of-Care Concerns as a Driver of Health IT Use
		Health IT Application Foundations
			Computer Software
				Role of the OS
				Utility Programs
				Software Development
				Programming Languages
		The Evolution of Electronic Health Record Applications
			EHR Functions
				EHR Feature: Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE)
				How CPOE Works
				Common Medication Errors That CPOE/CDS Can Prevent
				Where Is CPOE Used?
				Expert Systems/CDSS
				EHR Feature: ePrescribing
				EHR Data Warehouse
		Other Health IT Applications
			Patient Monitoring Systems
			Medical Imaging Systems
			OR Integration and Surgical Video Systems
			Clinical Laboratory Systems
			Revenue Cycle Management
				Revenue Cycle from a Healthcare Provider’s Perspective
			Registration and Front-Office Functions
			Care Delivery, Capture of Charges and Documentation
			Medical Coding
			Admission-Discharge-Transfer
			Practice Management Systems
			Health Information Exchange (HIE)
		Health IT Infrastructure
			Servers, Storage and Databases
			Networks
				Network Speeds
				Routers
				IP Address
				Domain Names
		Trends Affecting Health IT
			Artificial Intelligence
			Big Data/Business Intelligence (BI) and Analytics
			Blockchain
			Cloud Computing
			Information Security or Cybersecurity
			Internet of Things (IoT)
			Interoperability
			Mobile Health (mHealth)
				mHealth Adoption
				Challenges with Mobile Devices
			Multifactor Authentication (MFA)
			Natural Language Processing (NLP)
			Patient-Generated Health Data (PGHD)
			Personalized Medicine
			Telemedicine
			Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing
			Virtual Reality (VR)/Augmented Reality (AR)
			X-as-a-Service (XaaS)
		Summary
		References
SECTION II: CLINICAL INFORMATICS
	3. Clinical Informatics
		Introduction
			Basic Clinical Vocabulary and Terms
		National Standards for Health Information Technology
			Basic Information Technology Vocabulary and Terms
		Computers in Healthcare
			Hardware Specifications
			Software Considerations
			Connectivity Considerations
			Ergonomics
		Optimizing Clinical Effectiveness of Health Information Technology
		Common Clinical Metrics Used in Healthcare
		Common Data Visualization Methods
		Clinical Decision Support (CDS)
		Summary
		References
SECTION III: HEALTHCARE INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
	4. Analysis
		Introduction
		Analysis
			The Role of the Analyst
			Process Analysis
				Process Analysis: Determining Requirements
			The Value of Process Mapping
			Understanding Process Maps
				The “What” of Process Maps
			Mapping Key Information
			Process Map Visualization
			Common Clinical Processes
			Workflow Analysis and EHR Deployment
				Understanding the Processes
				The Benefits of Workflow Analysis
			Systems Development Life Cycle
			Conducting Basic Data Analysis and Interpretation
			RFI/RFP
				Request for Information
				Request for Proposal
				Non-Disclosure Agreement
		Summary
		References
	5. Design
		Introduction
		Usability
			User-Centered Design
			The Users
			Usability Trends
		The Design Process
			Requirements Progression
			Documenting Requirements
			Methods for Eliciting Requirements
			Organizing Ideas and Data
			Bring the Requirements Together
			Bottlenecks and Workarounds
		General Project Considerations
			Project Management Plan
			Terminology
			Estimation Techniques
			Quality Management
			Human Resource Management Plan
			Request for Proposal (RFP)
			Hardware and Network Implications
			Standards in Electronic Health Records
			Implementation and Data Migration
			Gap Analysis
		Functional Requirements of Software, Hardware and Network Solutions
		Business Continuity Planning (BCP)
			Scheduled Downtime Procedures
			Unscheduled Downtime Procedures
		Data Management
			Types of Data in a Database Environment
			Field Formats
		Summary
		References
	6. Selection, Implementation, Support and Maintenance
		Introduction
		System Selection
		Additional Considerations for Successful System Selection
		Certification of EHR – Authorized Testing and Certification Bodies
			The Purpose of EHR System Certification in the U.S.
		Interoperability and Data Exchange Standards
			Health Level Seven International (HL7)
		Vocabulary and Terminology Standards
		Transport Standards
		Vendor-Specific Considerations
			Hardware
			Vendor Selection – Narrowing the Choice
			Vendor Selection: Demos and Reference Checks
			Vendor Selection: Site Visits
		Implementation
		Critical Installation Considerations
		Testing
		User Training
			Training Strategies and Methods
			Training with ADDIE
				ADDIE Analysis
				ADDIE Design
				ADDIE Development
				ADDIE Implementation
				ADDIE Evaluation
		Initial Implementation/Elaboration Go-Live
			Contextual Implementation Model
			Implementation Challenges
			Implementation Support
		Performance Baseline Measurement Post Go-Live
		Support and Maintenance After Go-Live
			Support Team
				Superusers
				Troubleshooting
				Working with Vendors
		Upgrading
		Summary
		References
	7. Testing and Evaluation
		Introduction
		Testing
			Test Cases
			Types of Testing
				Scenario Testing
				Unit Testing
				Integration Testing
				System Testing
				System Integration Testing
				Usability Testing
				Accessibility Testing
				Ad Hoc Testing
				Exploratory Testing
				Installation Testing
				Load Testing
				Stress Testing
				Maintenance Testing
				Recovery Testing
				Reliability Testing
				Regression Testing
				Sanity Testing
				Scalability Testing
				Security Testing
				Smoke Testing
				Volume Testing
				Benchmark Testing
				Additional Monitoring
			User Acceptance Testing
			Closeout Meeting
			Planning
			Designing Test Cases
			Test Controls
			End User Testing Process and Acceptance
			Pilot Testing
		Evaluation and Feedback
		Summary
		References
	8. Privacy and Security
		Introduction
		Privacy, Confidentiality and Security
			Types of Security
				Physical Security
				Network Security
				Application Security
				User Security
		Measures for Mitigating Security Threats
			Authentication
			Access Control
			Firewalls
			Antivirus Software
			Intrusion Protection System (IPS)
			Encryption
			Security Audits
				Nonrepudiation
				Password Policies
				Domain-Based Network Environment
				Advisable Security Measures for a Domain-Based Network Environment
		GDPR, HIPAA and Risk Analysis
			General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
			The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
			Administrative Safeguards
			Steps for Risk Analysis
			Access Policies Should Address These Questions
			Types of Hacking
				The Insiders
				Social Engineering
				Brute Force
				Eavesdropping
				Identity Spoofing
				Password-Based Attacks
				Application Layer Attacks
			Breach Events
			Physical Safeguards
			Technical Safeguards
			Active Directory
			Audit Control
			Electronic Controls
			Security Baselines
		Summary
		References
SECTION IV: MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
	9. Management and Leadership
		Introduction
		Leadership Style
			The Importance of Emotional Intelligence
		Communication
			Communication Modes
				Synchronous Communication
				Asynchronous Communication
			Selecting Tools for Communication
			Business Communications
		Team Building
			Input
			Throughput
			Output
			Wheelan Model of Team Development
				Stage 1 – Dependency and Inclusion
				Stage 2 – Counterdependency and Fight
				Stage 3 – Trust and Structure
				Stage 4 – Work and Productivity
		Critical Thinking
			What Do Health IT Customers Want?
			Skills for Excellent Customer Service
				Personal Traits
				Professional Skills
				Customer Service Skills
				Follow-up Skills
		Project Management
		Leadership and Change Management
		Strategic Planning
			IT Strategic and Tactical Planning
			Risk Management
			Comparing Strategic Planning with Tactical Planning
			The Strategic Planning Process
			Aligning IT and Business Strategic Plans
			The Alignment Process
			The Prioritization Process
			Establishing an IT Governance Structure
		Ethics
			Ethics and Health IT Professionals
				What Is Professionalism?
				Sources of Ethics Standards
				Four Ethical Duties of Health Informatics Professionals
				Duties Owed to Patients
				Duties Owed to Employers
				Duties Owed to Coworkers
				Responding to Unethical Practices
				Whistleblowers
				Conflicts of Interest
		Quality Assurance and Performance Improvement
			Healthcare Quality Challenges
			Defining Quality Healthcare
			Quality Improvement and Health IT
				Managing Quality in Health IT
				Quality Assurance and Quality Control
			Quality Management and Total Quality Management (TQM)
			Creating a Quality Culture
				Creating a Quality Management Plan
				Key Quality Management Standards: International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9000
		Summary
		References
Questions
Answer Key
Index