The Australia-Japan Defence and Security Relationship 1945-2021: Making a Friend of a Former Foe

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Tables
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
Aronyms and abbreviations
Chapter 1: The Australia-Japan defence and security relationship
	Challenges to Australia’s security
	Bases of Australia’s security
	The A-JDSR and the relationship with the United States
	Questions for Australia addressed
	Prospects for an alliance between Australia and Japan
	Theoretical bases of alliances
	Military power model
	Book structure
	Notes
Chapter 2: A-JDSR history: Political and security perspectives
	Introduction
	Beginnings
		From foes to friends
		Early days of defence and security relationships
		Australia considers the security aspects of the relationship
		Japan attempts to start defence dialogue
		The role of personalities in developing closer relations
		Australia shows interest in initiating defence dialogue
		Political dimensions
		Japan again takes the initiative in initiating defence dialogue—Australia responds
	Burgeoning of the relationship
		Japan and Australia commence ministerial involvement in initiating dialogue
		Australia’s quickening interest in the A-JDSR
		Japan engages with other countries outside the confines of the US-JMST
		Australia engages Japan as it reaches out multilaterally
		The United States and Japan make accommodations in their post-Cold War relationship
		Australia seeks to move to a closer A-JDSR
		Development of three-way dialogue
		Social aspects in Australia of the A-JDSR
		More substantial dialogue and combined activity—not mediated by the United States
		Changes of Government in both Japan and Australia prompt closer cooperation
		Trust and shared interests as a basis for cooperation
		The genesis of trilateral strategic security dialogue
	Joint Declaration of Security Cooperation
		Possibility of an alliance?
	Building on the Joint Declaration of Security Cooperation
		Hedging, or containing China?
		The A-JDSR moves on with some lacunae after changes in government
		More progress in the A-JDSR after changes back to conservative governments
		Quo Vadis for A-JDSR security?
	Multilateralism and the A-JDSR
		Does the A-JDSR supplement a multilateral approach to regional security?
		A change in conservative views towards multilateral security approaches?
		China and the A-JDSR
	Summary of the security aspects of A-JDSR history
	Notes
Chapter 3: A-JDSR history: Defence and military perspectives
	Introduction
		Overview
	Sources
	Beginnings
		Post-Second World War history
		Post-occupation defence engagement
		Initial defence interest in engagement
		Quickening of mutual interest in defence engagement
		Japan makes cautious moves to engage with Australia on defence and military matters
		Concern over Chinese influence
		Political, security, defence, and military talks start in earnest
		Sensitivities and strategic changes
		Maturation of military cooperation
		The ADF protects the JSDF as it conducts PKO
	Burgeoning of the relationship
		The 2007 Joint Declaration of Security Cooperation points to the future
		Australia and Japan reform their defence structures
		Impact of trilateral strategic dialogue
		Elements put in place to facilitate exercising
		Australia responds to Japan’s 2011 triple disaster
		Trilateral activity commences
		Bilateral and UNC (Rear) military and defence engagement
		Building of trust and confidence in each other
		Recent expansion in military cooperation
		The rules-based international order
		Building the foundation for an alliance
		Building interoperability
	Defence intelligence relationship
		Necessity for intelligence to support military operations and strategic planning
		Japan’s intelligence system post-Second World War
		History of intelligence cooperation between Japan and Australia
		Protection of shared information
	United Nations Command (Rear)—its utility in the A-JDSR
		A parallel path for military engagement with Japan
		Australian involvement in the UNC in Japan
		Current role and activities of the UNC (Rear)
		Use of UN-Japan SOFA to conduct operations against the DPRK
		Using UNC (Rear) processes for humanitarian operations in the 2011 triple disaster
		Future utility of the UNC and UNC (Rear) in contingencies in North-East Asia
	Submarine proposal—a missed strategic opportunity
		Lost chance to bolster the A-JDSR and the TSD
		Australia seeks to source its new submarine fleet from Japan
		Japanese defence and defence industry responses to the Australia tender
		History of tendering process
		Reasons for failure of the Japanese Bid
	Summary
	Notes
Chapter 4: Australian and Japanese strategic postures and defence priorities
	Introduction
	Australia’s view of its region and its security
		History of Australia’s defence posture
		Public statements of Australian defence policy
		Australian foreign policy
		Implications for the A-JDSR in the face of new regional challenges
		Australia’s current perspectives on regional security
		Australian response to China’s rise
		Implications for the future direction of Australia’s management of the A-JDSR
	Japan’s view of the region and its security
		History of Japan’s defence posture
		Abe moves to a more normative defence posture
		Global and regional implications of Japanese reactions to new security challenges
		Future alignment of security postures under the A-JDSR
	US Security posture and its effect on the A-JDSR
	Indo-Pacific regional tensions
	Re-interpreting the Japanese Constitution
	Summary
	Notes
Chapter 5: The A-JDSR: An alliance or an alignment?
	Introduction
		Quo vadis for the A-JDSR?
		Is the current A-JDSR optimal for improving regional security?
		Forms and values of alliances
		Defining forms of modern alliances
		Where does the A-JDSR fit on the alliance spectrum?
	Analyses of original research
		Background
		Overview of Responses
		Summary of responses
		Detailed responses—academic cohort
		Detailed responses—government and foreign policy cohort
		Detailed responses—defence and military cohort
		Detailed responses—research institutions cohort
		Summary of responses across cohorts
		Summary Analysis
	Nature of the A-JDSR
		Possible future trajectory of the A-JDSR
	Future A-JDSR development
	Summary
	Notes
Chapter 6: The future of the A-JDSR in a regional security framework
	Relevance of the A-JDSR to a regional security framework
		Key strategic goals
		Role of the A-JDSR in a proposed security framework
		Alliances, trilaterals, and multinational organisations
		Value of ANZUS to Australia
		Value of Australia to ANZUS
		Japan and the United States as allies
		Other Indo-Pacific security alignments relevant to Japan and Australia
	The quadrilateral security dialogue
	The Australia-United Kingdom-United States agreement
	Proposal for regional security architecture
		Collaborative and collective action structures
		Models for security systems
		Three-tiered approach to a pragmatic military regional security system
	Summary
	Conclusions
	Notes
Appendix: Interviews
	Australia—Academia
	Australia—Government
	Australia—Defence
	Australia—Embassy
	Australia—Parliament, Foreign Affairs & Intelligence Agencies
	Australia—Research Institutions
	China—Academia
	Japan — Defence
	Japan—Foreign Affairs
	Japan—Embassies
	Japan—Defence Industry
	Japan—Academia
	Japan—Research Institutions
	United Kingdom—Academia
	United Kingdom—Military & Defence Industry
	United Nations—United Nations Command (Rear)
	United Nations—United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
	United States—Embassies
Index