The Art Business (Discovering the Creative Industries)

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgments
Introduction: The Art Business, Art World, Art Market
	Art as a Concept
	The Phenomenon of Collecting
	Centers of the Art World
	Case Study: The Salon Des Refusés
Chapter 1: Primary Market Galleries
	Two-Agent Model
	Three-Agent Model: Production on Speculation and the Role of the Dealer
	Salon Versus Gallery
	Alpha Galleries
	Chelsea-Type Galleries
	Regional Galleries
	Artist-Led Gallery Models
	Other Models for Exhibiting and Selling Contemporary Art
	Serial Art Works
	Importance of Multiple Revenue Streams
	Case Study: Ambroise Vollard
Chapter 2: Secondary Market Galleries
	The Intersection of Art History and the Market
	The Cult of a Golden Age
	Ever-Depleting Hunting Grounds
	Attribution as Principal Act
	Perils of the Secondary Art Market
	Secondary Market Sales as a Complete Business Strategy
	Case Study: Joseph Duveen and Bernard Berenson
Chapter 3: Auction Houses
	Auctioneering as a Distribution Model
	Rise of the Two Big Auction Houses
	The Current Dominance of Christie's and Sotheby's
	Medium, Small, and Regional Auction Houses
	Structures and Functioning of Auctions
	Perils of the Auction Business
	Perils for Buyers
	Perils for Sellers
	Perils for Auction Houses
	Latest Trends in Auctions
	Case Study: Sotheby's and Christie's Price-Fixing Scandal
Chapter 4: Public Collections and Museums
	Early Museums and Cabinets of Curiosity
	Models of Museums
	Art Museums
	History and Material Culture Museums
	Natural History Museums
	University Museums
	The Role of Museums in the Art Market
	Current Trends in the Museum World
	Case Study: The Museum of Jurassic Technology
Chapter 5: Business Models: For-Profit, Nonprofit, Government-Supported, and Others
	Basic Business Functions Common to All Galleries
	For-Profit Galleries
	Nonprofit Galleries
	Government-Supported Galleries
	University Galleries
	Other Business Models
	Case Study: The First Impressionist Exhibition, 1874
Chapter 6: Antiques
	The Art Market in Applied Arts
	Sectors of the Antique Business
	Collectibles
	Memorabilia
	Business Models for Antique Dealers
	Sourcing Methods for Antiques
	Knowledge and Authenticity for Antiques
	Perils of the Antique Business
	Case Study: Brown Furniture Market Collapse
Chapter 7: Art Fairs
	Early Fairs and the Paris Salon
	Non-Commercial Art Fairs
	Commercial Art Fairs
	Satellite Art Fairs
	Artist-Led Art Fairs
	The Current Over-Supply of Art Fairs
	Cost-Benefit Analysis of Attending Art Fairs
	Case Study: Ernst Beyeler
Chapter 8: Curatorship
	Evolution of the Role of Curator
	The Gesamtkunstwerk
	The Installation as Work of Art
	The Mundane Essentials of Curating
	Key Decisions a Curator Must Make
	Case Study: Vienna Secession 1902 Beethoven Exhibition
Chapter 9: Venue Management
	Rent as Relentless Force in the Art Market
	Prime Retail Locations
	Sub-Prime Retail Alternatives
	Split Locations
	Gentrification
	Other Options: Pop-Ups, Studio Gallery, Borrowed Space, and Virtual Gallery
	Case Study: Art of this Century
Chapter 10: Marketing
	Print Media Marketing
	Face-to-Face Marketing
	Internet and Social Media
	Synergy in Marketing
	Non-Traditional Marketing Techniques
	Case Study: Mana Contemporary
Chapter 11: Art History, Art Criticism, and the Art Press
	Origins of Art History
	Origins of the Art Critic
	Criticism as Rough Draft of Art History
	The Art Press
	Leading, Current Tastemakers
	Case Study: Clement Greenberg
Chapter 12: Cultural Heritage Compliance
	Early Forms of Cultural Heritage Protection
	The Major Treaties of the 1970s
	Current Enforcement Practices
	Domestic Enforcement Entities
	International Coordination Entities
	Restitution
	Case Study: Giacomo Medici
Chapter 13: Taxation
	Corporate Income Tax
	Payroll Taxes
	Sales Tax or Value-Added Tax (VAT)
	Taxes and Fees Specific to the Art Business
	The Art Market as Vehicle of Tax Evasion and Money Laundering
	Case Study: Dennis Kozlowski
Chapter 14: Customs
	Customs, Tariffs, and International Trade Organizations
	Export Regimes
	Import Regimes
	Case Study: Free Ports
Chapter 15: Insurance
	Venue Insurance
	Collection Insurance
	Transportation Insurance
	Case Study: Title Insurance
Chapter 16: Transportation
	Air Cargo
	Sea and Container Cargo
	Surface and Road Transport
	Local Transport
	Supervision and Courier
	Storage
	Packing
	Case Study: The Gold Train
Chapter 17: Appraising
	The Role of the Appraiser
	Types of Appraisals
	The Process of Writing an Appraisal
	Case Study: Robert Rauschenberg's Canyon
Chapter 18: Conservation
	Conservation Versus Restoration
	Procedures of Conservation
	Ethics of Conservation
	Case Study: The Restorations of Lothar Malskat
Chapter 19: Connoisseurship
	Knowledge in Art
	The Crisis of Forgery
	Techniques of the Most Successful Forgers
	Strategies for Fighting Forgeries
	Case Study: Knoedler
Chapter 20: Art Advising, Art Finance, NFTs
	Art Advising
	Art Finance
	Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs)
	Case Study: Inigo Philbrick
	Works Cited
Index