The Albanian Bektashi: History and Culture of a Dervish Order in the Balkans

Cover
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1  The History And Culture Of The Albanian Bektashi
	Bektashi Beliefs and Hierarchy
	The Early History of the Bektashi
	The Spread of the Bektashi to the Balkans
	The Expansion of the Bektashi in Albania
	The Communist Dictatorship in Albania
	The Recovery of the Bektashi in Post-Communist Albania
	The Current Situation
Chapter 2  Early Reports and Scholarly Articles on the Albanian Bektashi
	Evliya Çelebi – ‘Notes on the Bektashi,’ 1660–1670
	Johann Georg von Hahn: – ‘The Fortress of Kanina,’ 1854
	Monk Zosimas of Athos: – ‘The Bektashi Tekkes of Thessaly,’ 1888
	Andreas Karkavitsas: – ‘Visions of Thessaly: the Bektashi Tekke,’ 1892
	Antonio Baldacci: – ‘Albanian Wanderings,’ 1895
	Naim Frashëri: – ‘The Bektashi Notebook,’ 1896
	Alexandre Degrand: – ‘The Legend of Sari Saltik,’1901
	Sir Arthur Evans: – ‘A Pillar Cult at the Shrine of Tekija near Skopje,’ 1901
	Edith Durham: – ‘A Visit to the Bektashi Tekke of Përmet,’ 1904
	Theodor Ippen: – ‘A Visit to Kruja,’ 1907
	Ekrem bey Vlora: – ‘The Bektashi on Mount Tomorr,’ 1907
	Max Choublier: – ‘The Tekke of Kalkandelen (Tetova),’ 1909
	Gabriel Louis-Jaray: – ‘A Visit to the Tekke of Baba Ibrahim Xhefai near Elbasan,’ 1909
	Frederick Hasluck: – ‘The Fourth Religion of Albania,’ 1919
	Justin Godart: – ‘The Place of the Bektashi among Albanian Religions,’ 1921
	Margaret Hasluck: – ‘The Nonconformist Moslems of Albania,’ 1925
	Franz Babinger: – ‘Among the Dervishes of Kruja,’ 1929
	Dayrell Oakley-Hill: – ‘Up to Mount Tomorr,’ 1929
	Baba Ali Tomorri: – ‘History of the Bektashi,’ 1929
	Friedrich Markgraf: – ‘A Botanist on Mount Tomorr,’ 1930
	Joseph Swire: – ‘Thoughts on the Bektashi,’ 1930
	Richard Busch-Zantner: – ‘The Bektashi Sect in Albania,’ 1932
	Richard Busch-Zantner: – ‘The Town of the Forbidden Dervishes,’ 1933
	John Kingsley Birge: – ‘Bektashiism in Albania,’ 1937
	Margaret Hasluck: – ‘Baba Tomor,’ 1939
	Anon.: – ‘The Mokattam Tekke of Cairo,’ 1953
	Osman Myderrizi: – ‘The Beginnings of Bektashi Literature in Albania,’ 1955
	Kurt Seliger: – ‘Meeting the Pope of the Bektashi,’ 1957
	Hans Joachim Kissling: – ‘On the Origins of the Bektashi in Albania,’ 1962
	Dorothea Russell: – ‘The Bektashi Monastery in Cairo,’ 1962
	Jules Leroy: – ‘A Visit to the Tekke of the Bektashis in Cairo,’ 1963
	Georg Stadtmüller: – ‘The Bektashi Dervish Order in Albania,’ 1971
	Frances Trix: – ‘The Ashura Lament of Baba Rexheb,’ 1995
	Nathalie Clayer: – ‘Bektashism and Albanian Nationalism,’ 1995
	Nathalie Clayer: – ‘The Sacred Haunts of the Albanian Bektashi,’ 1996
	Machiel Kiel: – ‘Durbali Sultan Resurrected?,’ 2009
Chapter 3  The Tekkes and Shrines of the Albanian Bektashi
	Tekkes and Shrines in Albania
	Map of Albania (showing cities and towns with tekkes)
		Alipostivan (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Abdullah
		Aranitas (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Aranitas
		Backa (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Fetah
		Bënça (Tepelena, Albania): the dervishia of Bënça
		Berat (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali
		Bllaca (Dibra, Albania): the tekke of Jusuf Baba
		Borsh (Saranda, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhafer
		Brerima (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhafer
		Bubës i Parë (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Jemin
		Bubës i Sipërm (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali
		Bulqiza (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Bulqiza
		Cakran (Fier, Albania): the tekke of Cakran
		Çerrica (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Çerrica
		Çorrush (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Çorrush
		Delvina (Delvina, Albania): the dervishia of Beqir Efendi
		Drisht (Shkodra, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Kamber
		Drizar (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhelal
		Dukaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Dukaj
		Dushk (Gramsh, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ahmet
		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Ibrahim Xhefai Baba
		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali Horasani
		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hamit
		Frashër (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir Nasibi
		Fratar (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Fratar
		Fushë Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Shemimi Baba
		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the Gravel tekke of Asim Baba
		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the Hajdërije tekke of Baba Sulejman
		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Zejnel
		Gjonëm/Gjorm (Kurbin, Albania): the tekke of Hajdar Baba
		Gjorm (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Gjorm
		Gllava (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Ismail Baba
		Golimbas (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Baba Mehmet Aliu
		Gorisht (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Gorisht
		Greshica (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn
		Gumen (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn
		Hekal (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Hekal
		Kanina (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Sinan Pasha
		Kapaj (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ismail
		Këlcyra (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Hasan Dede
		Kiçok (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kamber
		Komar (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Islam
		Koshtan (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sadik
		Kosina (Përmet, Albania): the dervishia of Kosina
		Kostrec (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Kostrec
		Krahës (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn
		Kremenar (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hasan
		Kreshova (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hasan
		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hamza
		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Jahja Baba
		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Mustafa Dollma
		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Zemzi Baba
		Kruja, Mount (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Sari Saltik
		Kuç (Devoll, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kasem
		Kuç (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Kuç
		Kuta (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Rifat
		Lavdar (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Lavdar
		Leskovik (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Abedin
		Lushnja (Lushnja, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Skënder
		Luz i madh (Kavaja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sako
		Maricaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Musa
		Martanesh (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Balim Sultan
		Martanesh (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Hysen Baba
		Matohasanaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Salih
		Mazreka (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Mazreka
		Mbyet (Fier, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali Horasani
		Melan (Gjirokastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali
		Melçan (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hysen
		Memaliaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Memaliaj
		Ngrançija (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Ngrançija
		Osmënzeza (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Iljaz
		Pacomit (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Pacomit
		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Bektash
		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali
		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Zenel
		Petran (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Petran
		Picar (Gjirokastra, Albania): the dervishia of Baba Hasan
		Plasa (Korça, Albania): the tyrbe of Plasa
		Plashnik (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Muharrem
		Podgoran (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Podgoran
		Polena (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ismail
		Prishta (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir
		Progonat (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Progonat
		Pulaha (Korça, Albania): the tyrbe of Pulaha
		Qatrom (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Beqir Efendi
		Qesaraka (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Baba Horasani
		Qesarat (Tepelena, Albania): the tyrbe of Qesarat
		Rabija (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Selman
		Rodenj (Përmet, Albania): the tyrbe of Rodenj
		Rozeç (Tepelena, Albania): the dervishia of Rozeç
		Sanjollas (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sulejman
		Saranda (Saranda, Albania): the tekke of Dede Reshat Bardhi
		Shëmbërdhenj (Gramsh, Albania): the tekke of Baba Mustafa
		Shkoza (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Shkoza
		Shullaz (Kurbin, Albania): the tekke of Baba Isak
		Smokthina (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Smokthina
		Starja (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn
		Straficka (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Meleq
		Suka (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir
		Tepelena (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Demir Han
		Therepel (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Behlul
		Tirana (Tirana, Albania): the Kryegjyshata
		Tomorr, Mount (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Kulmak
		Turan (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Salih Elbasani
		Turan (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali
		Velabisht (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kamber
		Veliqot (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hysen
		Vloçisht (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Vloçisht
		Vlora (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Kusum Baba
		Vokopola (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir
		Vrëpska (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Vrëpska
		Zërqan (Bulqiza, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Hysen
		Zhepova (Përmet, Albania): the tyrbe of Zhepova
	Tekkes and Shrines in Kosovo
	Map of Kosovo
		Gjakova (Gjakova, Kosovo): the tekke of Shemseddin Baba
		Kaçanik (Kaçanik, Kosovo): the tekke of Kaçanik
		Mitrovica (Mitrovica, Kosovo): the tekke of Mustafa Baba
		Peja (Peja, Kosovo): the tekke of Peja
		Prizren (Prizren, Kosovo): the tekke of Baba Adem
	Tekkes and Shrines in the Republic of Macedonia
	Map of Republic of Macedonia
		Kanatlar (Prilep, Macedonia): the tekke of Dikmen Baba
		Kërçova, (Kërçova, Macedonia): the tekke of Hidër Baba
		Makedonski Brod (Makedonski Brod, Macedonia): tyrbe of Hidër Baba
		Poroj (Tetova, Macedonia): the tekke of Jarar Baba
		Saint Naum (Ohrid, Macedonia): the Monastery of Saint Naum
		Shipkovica (Tetova, Macedonia): the tekke of Kojun Baba
		Skopje (Skopje, Macedonia): the tekkes of Mustafa Baba, Sulejman Baba and Axhem Zade Hasan Efendi
		Tekija (Ilinden, Macedonia): the tekke of Ahmet Karadja
		Tetova (Tetova, Macedonia): the Harabati tekke
		Veles (Veles, Macedonia): the tekke of Haxhi Baba
		Vërtok (Gostivar, Macedonia): the tekke of Baba Xhafer
	Tekkes and Shrines in Greece
		Corfu (Epirus, Greece): the Church of Saint Spyridon
		Didymóteichon (Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece): the tekke of Seyyid Ali Sultan
		Elassona (Thessaly, Greece): the tekke of Salih Baba
		Farsala (Thessaly, Greece): the tekke of Durballi Sultan
		Heraklion (Crete, Greece): the tekke of Ali Dede Horasani
		Juma (West Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Piri Baba
		Kastoria (West Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Kasem Baba
		Katerini (Central Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Abdullah Baba
		Konitsa (Epirus, Greece): the tekke of Hysejn Baba
		Odra (Western Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Emine Baba
		Vodhorina (Western Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Emine Baba
	Tekkes and Shrines in Other Countries
		Hacıbektaşköy (central Anatolia, Turkey): the pir evi of Hacı Bektaş Veli
		Cairo (Egypt): the Mokattam tekke
		Taylor (Detroit, Michigan, United States):
the First Albanian Bektashi tekke in America
Chapter 4 Noted Historical And Legendary Figures Of The Albanian Baktashi
	Abaz Hilmi, Dede Baba (1887–1947)
	Abbas Ali
	Abdullah Baba of Melçan (1786–1857 (–1853?))
	Abedin Baba of Leskovik
	Adem Baba of Prizren (d. 1894)
	Adem Vexh-hi Baba of Gjakova (1841–1927)
	Ahmet Baba of Prishta (d. 1902)
	Ahmet Baba of Turan (1854–1928)
	Ahmet Karadja
	Ahmet Myftari, Dede Baba (1916–1980)
	Ahmet Sirri Baba of Mokattam (1895–1963)
	Ali Baba of Berat
	Ali Baba of Tomorr (1900–1948)
	Ali Baba Horasani of Fushë Kruja (d. 1562)
	Ali Haqi Baba of Gjirokastra (1827–1907)
	Ali Riza of Elbasan, Dede Baba (1876–1944)
	Alush Baba of Frashër (c. 1816–1896)
	Arshi Baba of Durballi Sultan (1906–2015)
	Arshi Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1621)
	Asim Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1796)
	Balim Sultan of Dimetoka (1457–1517)
	Edmond Brahimaj, Dede Baba (b. 1959)
	Faja Martaneshi Baba (1910–1947)
	Fetah Baba of Backa
	Hajdar Hatemi Baba of Gjonëm (early nineteenth century)
	Hajdër Baba of Kardhiq (d. 1904)
	Haji Bektash (1248–1337)
	Hasan Dede of Përmet
	Haxhi Baba Horasani of Përmet (d. 1620)
	Haxhi Baba of Fushë Kruja
	Hidër Baba of Makedonski Brod
	Hysen Baba of Melçan (d. 1914)
	Hysen Kukeli Baba of Fushë Kruja (1822–1893)
	Ibrahim Baba of Qesaraka (d. 1930)
	Ibrahim Xhefai Baba of Elbasan (d. 1829)
	Iljaz Vërzhezha, Dervish (d. 1923)
	Kamber Ali, Dede Baba (1869–1950)
	Kasem Baba of Kastoria (late fifteenth century)
	Kusum Baba of Vlora
	Lutfi Baba of Mokattam (1849–1942)
	Mehmet Baba of Fushë Kruja (1882–1934)
	Meleq Shëmbërdhenji Baba (1842–1918)
	Muharrem Baba of Frashër (early nineteenth century)
	Muharrem Mahzuni Baba of Durballi Sultan (d. 1867)
	Myrteza Baba of Fushë Kruja (1912–1947)
	Qazim Baba of Elbasan (1891–1962)
	Qazim Baba of Gjakova (1895–1981)
	Qamil Baba of Gllava (d. 1946)
	Reshat Bardhi, Dede Baba (1935–2011)
	Rexheb Baba of Gjirokastra (1901–1995)
	Salih Baba of Matohasanaj (nineteenth to twentieth centuries)
	Salih Nijazi, Dede Baba (1876–1941)
	Sari Saltik
	Seit Baba of Durballi Sultan (d. 1973)
	Selim Kaliçani Baba of Martanesh (1922–2001)
	Selim Ruhi Baba of Gjirokastra (1869–1944)
	Selman Xhemali Baba of Elbasan (d. 1949)
	Sersem Ali Baba of Tetova (d. 1569)
	Shemimi Baba of Fushë Kruja (1748–1803)
	Sulejman Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1934)
	Tahir Baba Nasibi of Frashër (d. 1835)
	Tahir Baba of Prishta (nineteenth century)
	Xhafer Sadiku, Dede Baba (1874–1945)
Glossary Of Terms
Notes
Bibliography
Index