The 37th Annual Conference on Power System and Automation in Chinese Universities (CUS-EPSA)

Contents
Identifications of Feeder Clusters and Generic Switching Station Types for Urban S-SCDN Based on Graph Calculation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Concepts
		2.1 SCDN and GS
		2.2 S-SCDN
		2.3 S-SCDN Feeder Cluster Definition
	3 Graph Database and Graph Calculation
		3.1 Graph Database and Data Characteristics
		3.2 Graph Calculation Characteristics
		3.3 BSP Calculation Model
	4 Identification of Feeder Clusters and GS Type Based on Graph Calculation
		4.1 Establishment of Graph Database Model of S-SCDN
		4.2 Connected Component Algorithm
		4.3 Feeder Cluster Identification
		4.4 Feature Analysis and Type Identification for Generic Switching Stations
		4.5 Application Case Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Total Supply Capacity of the Distribution Network Based on SCDN
	1 Introduction
	2 Introduction to Basic Concepts of SCDN
		2.1 Supply Transfer Rules for SCDN Supply Area
		2.2 Simplification of SCDN Network
	3 Modeling and Solving the Total Supply Capacity of SCDN
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Case Introduces
		4.2 SCDN Partition of the Case
		4.3 Case Solving Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Location Method of Pole-to-Ground Fault in DC Transmission Lines Based on VSC
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Single Pole Grounding Malfunction on DC Transmission Line Based on VSC
		2.1 Single Pole Ground Fault Process Analysis
		2.2 DC Side Capacitor Discharge Stage
	3 Single Pole Ground Fault Location Principle
		3.1 Fault Line Impedance Initial Value Calculation
		3.2 Calculated Value of Least Squares Optimized Fault Line Impedance
		3.3 Fault Distance Calculation
	4 Simulation Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Review of Carbon Electricity Coordinated Planning for Modern Power System
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Support and Analysis Tools for CECP
		2.1 Carbon Perception Technology (Data Support)
		2.2 Carbon Tracking Technology (Analysis Tools)
	3 Application Model for CECP
		3.1 Power Grid Coordination Planning Considering Carbon Trading
		3.2 The “SOUrce-Grid-Load-Storage” Coordination Planning
		3.3 Power Grid “CENtralized and Wide-Area-Decentralized Coordination” Planning
	4 Conclusion
	References
Info-Gap Decision Theory Based Wind-Storage System Day-Ahead Bidding Strategy
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Concepts
		2.1 The Trading Mode
		2.2 The Risk Preference
	3 Optimization Model
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Uncertainty Model of Electricity Price Based on IGDT
		4.1 Mathematical Formulas
	5 Case Study
		5.1 Result Analysis of Optimal Decision based on Predicted Electricity Price
		5.2 The Strategy Analysis under Different Risk Preferences
	6 Conclusion
	References
Transactive Energy Control of Electric Vehicles for Grid Peak Load Shaving Based on Dynamic Electricity Price
	1 Introduction
	2 The Architecture of TEC System of EVs Based on Alliance Blockchain
		2.1 Proposed Architecture of TEC System of EVs Based on Alliance Blockchain
		2.2 TEC Process of EVs
	3 Multi-objective Optimization Model Between EVA and EVs
	4 Simulation Results and Discussions
		4.1 Solution of Dynamic Electricity Price and Scheduling Strategies for EVs
		4.2 Disaggregation of the Scheduled Plan Among EVs by EVA
		4.3 Comparison of the Proposed Method and the TOU Electricity Price Mode
	5 Conclusions
	References
Research on Optimal Control Strategy of VSG Damping Loop Based on MMC
	1 Introduction
	2 Modular Multilevel Converter and Control Strategy for Virtual Synchronous Generator
		2.1 Mathematical Model of Modular Multilevel Converter
		2.2 Virtual Synchronous Generator Control Strategy
	3 The Improved VSG Control Strategy
		3.1 The Optimized VSG Control Principle
		3.2 Parameter Design of High-Pass Filter
	4 Optimized Control Simulation
		4.1 Simulation Parameters of the MMC Model
		4.2 Off-Grid Operation of VSG
		4.3 Grid-Connected Operation of VSG
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Evaluation Method of Urban Grid Planning Based on Fractal Theory and Territorial Load
	1 Introduction
	2 Fractal Dimension Algorithm for Electric Power Network
		2.1 Box Dimension and Its Coverage Depth Algorithm
		2.2 Length-Radius Dimension Algorithm
	3 Comprehensive Evaluation Index System for Grid Planning
		3.1 Box Dimension Index of Power Grid
		3.2 Consistency Index Between Power Grid and Geographic Space
		3.3 Weighted Consistency Index of Power Grid Based on Territorial Load
		3.4 Length-Radius Dimension Index of Power Grid
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Box Dimension Index of Power Grid
		4.2 Consistency Index Between Power Grid and Geographic Space
		4.3 Weighted Consistency Index of Power Grid Based on Territorial Load
		4.4 Length-Radius Dimension Index of Power Grid
		4.5 Analysis of the Current Situation Year and the Prospective Year
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Safety Management and Control of Power Enterprises Based on AI and Edge Computing Technology
	1 Background
	2 Design and Development of Edge Computing Device
		2.1 Overall Architecture
		2.2 Cloud Software Platform
		2.3 Network Side Design
		2.4 Edge Design
		2.5 End Side
	3 Edge Computing Device
		3.1 Hardware Design
		3.2 Edge Computing Device Software Design
		3.3 Algorithm Ability
	4 Secure Access Design of Edge Computing Devices
		4.1 Terminal Security Access Management
	5 Work Collaboration Mechanism Centered on Edge Computing
		5.1 Construction Notification Reminder
		5.2 License Notification Reminder
		5.3 Violation Notice
	6 Innovation
		6.1 Flexibility
		6.2 Real-Time
		6.3 Economy
	7 Application Summary
	8 Future Prospects
	References
Auto Division Strategy of Power Supply Unit in Distribution Network Mesh Planning Based on Graph Theory
	1 First Section
	2 Gridded Planning Principles and Attribute Modeling
		2.1 Methods and Principles of Grid Planning
		2.2 Gridded Attribute Modeling Based on Electricity Plots
	3 Gridded Power Supply Unit Partitioning Algorithm
		3.1 Generate a Weighted Adjacency Graph
		3.2 Power Supply Unit Division Based on Adjacency Graph
		3.3 Evaluate the Power Supply Unit Partition Scheme
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Division of Power Supply Units Based on Subjective Experience
		4.2 Division of Power Supply Units Based on Graph Theory
		4.3 Analysis of Evaluation Indicators
	5 Conclusion
	References
Fault Pattern Recognition of Switch Cabinet Partial Discharge Based on GAN-CNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Introduction of PRPD Spectrums
	3 Fault Pattern Recognition Based on GAN-CNN
	4 Case Studies
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Fault Location Expert System of Secondary System of Intelligent Substation Based on Fuzzy Fault Tree Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Secondary System Fault Tree Analysis
		2.1 Establishment of Secondary System Fault Tree
		2.2 Establishment of Secondary System Fault Tree
	3 Fault Tree Bottom Event Fuzzy Probability Calculation
		3.1 Natural Language is Converted to Fuzzy Numbers
		3.2 Synthesis of Fuzzy Numbers
		3.3 Converts the Fuzzy Number to a Fuzzy Probability
		3.4 Converts the Fuzzy Probability to the Fuzzy Failure Probability
	4 Expert Systems Based on Fuzzy Fault Tree Theory
		4.1 Establishment of Expert System Knowledge Base Based on the Minimum Cut Set of Fault Trees
		4.2 Conflict Resolution Strategy Based on Event Probability
		4.3 Multiple Fault Location Ideas
	5 Case Studies
	6 Conclusions
	References
Coordinated Voltage Control Strategy of Wind Farm-Synchronous Condenser Based on Model Predictive Control
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Power Grid-Connected System with Synchronous Condenser
		2.1 Wind Farm Reactive Power Loop Model
		2.2 Synchronous Condenser Excitation Model
		2.3 PCC Voltage Control Mode
	3 Voltage Coordinated Control Based on Model Prediction
		3.1 System State Space Model
		3.2 Model Predictive Control Strategy
	4 Simulation Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Data Valuation in Electricity Transactions Incorporating Uncertainty Reduction by Kernel Density Estimation
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Literature Review
		1.3 Contributions
	2 Modeling of Electrical Transactions
	3 Kernel Density Estimation and Data Value
	4 Case Studies
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Distribution Network Multi-time Scale Resilience Index Framework Considering Generation-Grid-Load-Storage Resources
	1 Introduction
	2 Connotation of Resilient Distribution Network
	3 Resilience Evaluation Index System and Evaluation Process
		3.1 Resilience Index Evaluation System
		3.2 Resilience Assessment Process
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
TOPSIS Scoring Method for Industrial Users Based on DEMATEL-EWM Weighting Method
	1 Introduction
	2 User Electricity Behavior Index System
	3 TOPSIS Model Based on Improved Weighting Method
		3.1 TOPSIS Evaluation Method
		3.2 DEMATEL-EWM Weighting Method
		3.3 Improved Power Consumption Evaluation Model for Industrial Users
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Evaluation Results of the DEMATEL-EWM-TOPSIS Model
		4.2 Comparison Between Improved Method and Traditional Method
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Fault Ride Through Control Strategy Based on Multi Terminal Flexible DC Transmission System
	1 Introduce
		1.1 Research Background
		1.2 Research Status
	2 Topology of AC/DC Hybrid System
	3 Control Principle of MMC-HVDC
		3.1 Control Principle of GSMMC
		3.2 Control Principle of WFMMC
		3.3 Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker
		3.4 Energy Dissipation Resistance
	4 Simulation Analysis of AC/DC Fault Ride Through
		4.1 Feasibility Verification of AC Fault Ride Through Strategy
		4.2 Feasibility Verification of DC Fault Ride Through Strategy
	5 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation Indicator System of Natural Gas Pressure Power Generation System and Its Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Power Generation Principle
	3 Evaluation Indicator System
		3.1 Energy Conversion Efficiency
		3.2 Technological Readiness and Advancement
		3.3 Operational Safety and Reliability
		3.4 Economic Feasibility
	4 Simulation Results and Analysis
		4.1 Energy Conversion Efficiency
		4.2 Technological Readiness and Advancement
		4.3 Operational Safety and Reliability
		4.4 Economic Feasibility
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research and Analysis of SBO DGs Black Startup for the HPR1000 Nuclear Power Plant
	1 Introduction
	2 The Stage of Black Startup
	3 Power Distribution Structure of HPR1000
	4 Station Black Out
		4.1 The Meaning of Station Black Out
		4.2 Design Requirements Under Station Black Out
		4.3 Consequences of SBO DGs Under Station Black Out
		4.4 Reloading Sequence of SBO DG
		4.5 Capacity of SBO DGs
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mobile Energy Storage System Fleets Participated Active Distribution Network Restoration Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Traveling Model of MESS Fleets
		2.1 Transit Delay Model of MESS
		2.2 Operation Constraints of MESS
	3 Mathematical Formulation of Coordinated Network Restoration Model
		3.1 Deterministic Network Restoration Model
		3.2 DG and Load Forecast Uncertainty
		3.3 Robust Optimization Formulation
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Computational Result of Deterministic Model
		4.2 Computational Result of Robust Model
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Multi-Wind Hydrogen Storage Alliance Participates in the Bidding Game in the Electricity Market
	1 Introduction
	2 Principle of the Multiwind Hydrogen Storage Alliance
	3 Banzhaf-Owen Value Gain Allocation Strategy with Alliance Structure
		3.1 Where the Benefits are Distributed for Multi-wind Priority Alliances and Hydrogen Storage
		3.2 For Revenue Distribution Within Multiple Wind Farms
		3.3 Core Theory
	4 Example Analysis
		4.1 Example Data
		4.2 Analysis of Results
	5 Summary
	References
Research on Automatic Identification Technology of Transmission Line Images Based on Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Target Detection Algorithms
	3 Dictionary Learning Method
	4 YOLO Network Combined with Dictionary Learning for Fault Identification Such as Missing Pins
		4.1 Image Library Construction
		4.2 Nut Positioning Method Based on YOLO Model
		4.3 Iterative Dictionary-Based Learning Methods
		4.4 Algorithmic Reality
	5 Conclusion
	References
MMC-MTDC Transmission Line Protection Scheme Based on Single Terminal Transient
	1 Introduction
	2 Fault Transient Characteristic Analysis and Characteristic Quantity Extraction
		2.1 Analysis of Fault Boundary Characteristics Inside and Outside the Zone
		2.2 Analysis of Interpolar Coupling Characteristics
		2.3 Generalized S Transformation
	3 Fault Identification Methods and Criteria
		3.1 Protection Start Criterion
		3.2 Fault Line Selection
		3.3 Fault Pole Identification
	4 Simulation Results and Verification
		4.1 Fault Line Detection
		4.2 Fault Pole Detection
		4.3 Sensitivity Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Grid Interconnection of DFIG Generation System Based on Grey Fuzzy PI Control
	1 Introduction
	2 DFIG Load Grid Connection Structure and Control System
		2.1 Principle of Load Grid Connection
		2.2 Control System of Load Grid Connection
	3 Design of Grey Prediction Fuzzy PI Controller
		3.1 Fuzzy PI Controller
		3.2 Grey Fuzzy PI Controller
	4 Simulation Analysis
		4.1 Simulation Parameter Setting
		4.2 Analysis of Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Model Predictive Control of Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter
	1 The Introduction
	2 Working Principle and Mathematical Model of MMMC
	3 MMMC Control Policy
		3.1 Current Loop Control
		3.2 Voltage Loop Control
		3.3 Capacitor Voltage Balance Control
	4 Design of Inner Loop Model Predictive Controller
		4.1 Establishment of Prediction Model
		4.2 Cost Function Design
	5 The Simulation Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Settings Optimization Method for Zero-Sequence Directional Overcurrent Relays Based on Coordination Time Interval
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Time Difference of Inverse-Time Zero-Sequence Overcurrent Protection
	3 Settings Optimization Method of the DOCRs
		3.1 Unified DOCRs Setting Principle
		3.2 Settings Optimization Method of the DOCRs Based on the CTI
	4 Case Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigation on Steady State Characteristics and Loss Reduction Measures of 220 kV Power Cables
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description and Modeling Method
		2.1 System Description
		2.2 Modeling Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Planning of Integrated Electric and Heat System Considering Dynamics of Heat System
	1 Introduction
	2 Model of Integrated Electric and Heat System
		2.1 Power System Model
		2.2 Heat System Model
		2.3 Modeling of CHP Units
	3 Optimal Planning Method of IEHS Considering Dynamics of Heat System
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Methods Setting
		4.2 Simulation Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Adjustable Robust Optimal Dispatch of Microgrid Cluster with SESS Considering Uncertain Renewable Energy and Load
	1 Introduction
	2 System Structure
	3 Mathematical Formulation
		3.1 Robust Equivalent Characterization of Uncertain Parameters
		3.2 Model of Microgrid Cluster Pre-Scheduling
		3.3 Model of Microgrid Cluster Rescheduling
	4 Solution Step
	5 Case Study
		5.1 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Post-Disaster Recovery Strategy for the Distribution Network Considering Mobile Emergency Resource
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
		2.1 Distribution Network Reconfiguration Model
		2.2 Transportation Network Model
	3 Post-Disaster Recovery Strategy
		3.1 Post-Disaster Reconfiguration of the Distribution Network
		3.2 Power Supply Restoration from MERs
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Case Information
		4.2 Analysis of Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Robust Operation of Zero-Carbon Micro-Energy Network with Combination of Hydrogen and Water Storage
	1 Introduction
	2 Zero-Carbon Micro-Energy Network Modeling
		2.1 Fuel Cell System
		2.2 Hydrogen Electrolyzer
		2.3 Water Tank Thermal Storage
		2.4 Heat Pump
		2.5 Absorption Chiller
		2.6 Energy Balance
	3 Robust Optimization Dispatch Strategy
		3.1 Uncertainty Modeling
		3.2 Robust MPC Dispatch Strategy
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Low-Carbon Dispatch of Electricity Hydrogen Energy System with RSOC-ORC Considering Integrated Demand Response
	1 Introduction
	2 Structure of EHIES
	3 Dispatch Model of EHIES
		3.1 Modeling of EHIES
		3.2 Multi-energy Coupled Modeling Based on ORC
		3.3 Modeling of IDR
		3.4 Constraints
		3.5 Ladder Carbon Trading Mechanism
		3.6 Objective Function
	4 Case Study
		4.1 RSOC-ORC Model Validation
		4.2 Benefit Analysis Considering Comprehensive Demand Response Including RSOC-ORC
	5 Conclusion
	References
Benchmarking Research on Market Policy of Renewable Energy Generation in New Power System
	1 Introduction
	2 Benchmarking System Construction
	3 Analysis of Benchmarking Results
		3.1 Renewable Energy Generation Construction
		3.2 Renewable Energy Generation Operation
		3.3 Renewable Energy Generation Support
	4 Suggestions for Electricity Market Development
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Blockchain-Based Microgrid Measurement Data Storage and Tampering Detection Framework
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Blockchain-Based Microgrid Measurement Data Storage Framework
		3.1 The Design of Framework Structure
		3.2 The Development of Smart Contract
		3.3 The implement of microgrid measurement data storage framework
	4 Blockchain-Based Tampering Detection
	5 Conclusion
	References
Two-Stage Optimal Scheduling of Microgrid Basedon Demand Response
	1 Introduction
	2 Economic Analysis of Microgrid in Power Production Environment
		2.1 microgrid Purchase and Sell Electricity in the Role of Users
		2.2 Microgrid Participation in Independent Ancillary Services
		2.3 Two-level Demand Response Inside and Outside the Microgrid
	3 Microgrid Structure
		3.1 General Framework
		3.2 Optimal Dispatch Model for Microgrid Participation in Electricity Market
		3.3 User Load Curve Optimization Model
	4 Eample analysis
		4.1 Basic Data
		4.2 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Source-Load Cooperative Optimization Configuration for Combined Solar and Air Source Heat Pump System Based on Demand Response
	1 Introduction
	2 System Structure and Mathematical Model
		2.1 Solar Collector
		2.2 Air Source Heat Pump
		2.3 Heat Storage Tank
		2.4 Heat Consumer
	3 Optimization Model
		3.1 Upper-Level Problem
		3.2 Upper-Level Constraints
		3.3 Lower-Level Problem
		3.4 Lower-Level Constraints
	4 Optimization Algorithms
	5 Example
		5.1 Load Characteristics and Peak and Valley Tariff
		5.2 Analysis of Optimization Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Research on the Impact of Carbon Tax on Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Power Uncertainty Modeling Based on Weibull Probability Distribution
	3 Economic Dispatch Model Considering Carbon Tax
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Case Studies
		4.1 Basic Parameters
		4.2 Impact Analysis of Carbon Tax
		4.3 Impact Analysis of Carbon Tax in Different Wind Power Penetration Systems
	5 Conclusion
	References
Study on Power System Resilience Considering Wind Farm Connection Under Typhoon
	1 Introduction
	2 Power System Disaster Impact Model
		2.1 Typhoon Wind Field Model
		2.2 Component Fragility Model
	3 Power System Resilience Assessment
		3.1 Power System Resilience Metric
		3.2 Power System Resilience Assessment Process
	4 Post Disaster Response Model of Power System with Wind Turbine
		4.1 Wind Turbine Output Model
		4.2 Power System Scheduling Strategy
		4.3 Objective Function and Constraints
	5 Case Studies
		5.1 IEEE 9-Bus System
		5.2 Power System Resilience Assessment
		5.3 Enhancement of Resilience
	6 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plants Based on the Distributionally Robust Optimization Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Virtual Power Plant Transaction Model Based on DRO
		2.1 Prediction Error Fuzzy Set Construction Based on Wasserstein Distance
		2.2 Optimal Scheduling Model of Virtual Power Plant Based on DRO
		2.3 Linearization of the DRO Model
	3 Case Studies
		3.1 Parameter Configuration
		3.2 Analysis of Optimization Scheduling Results of Virtual Power Plant Resources
		3.3 Optimization Effect Analysis of DRO
	4 Summary
	References
Research on Peak Regulation Benefits of River Basin Hydro-Photovoltaic Complementary System
	1 Introduction
		1.1 A Subsection Sample
	2 Research on Peak Regulation Mode of River Basin Hydropower Station Based on Hydro-Photovoltaic Complementary
		2.1 The Basic Principle of Hydro-Photovoltaic Complementary System
		2.2 Construction of Peak Regulation Model for River Basin Hydropower Station
		2.3 Evaluation Index of Peak Shaving Operation of Hydro-Photovoltaic Complementary System
	3 The Load Distribution Model of River Basin Hydropower Station Based on Peak Regulation Mode
		3.1 Construction of Short-Term Load Distribution Model for Cascade Hydropower Stations
		3.2 Model Constraints
		3.3 Model Solving
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Method and Sample Selection
		4.2 Output Calculation of Hydro-Optical Complementary System in Different Scenarios
		4.3 Analysis of Output Evaluation Index of the Hydro-Optical Complementary System in Different Scenarios
	5 Conclusion
	References
Pricing Strategy of Fast Charging Stations in Coupled Power-Transportation System Considering Responsive Traffic Demand
	1 Introduction
	2 Coupled Power-Transportation System Modeling
		2.1 Bi-level Optimization Model
		2.2 Power Distribution Network Modeling
		2.3 Transportation Network Modeling
		2.4 Responsive Traffic Demand
	3 DRL-Based Model
		3.1 State and Action
		3.2 State Transition
		3.3 Reward
		3.4 Soft Actor-Critic Algorithm
	4 Numerical Example and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Voltage Stability Control of Bus Switch Capacitor in PV DC Collection System
	1 Introduction
	2 PV DC Collection System Topology
	3 The Structure and Working Principle of Switched Capacitor
		3.1 Switched Capacitor Topology
		3.2 Switched Capacitor Modes of Operation
	4 Control Strategy of Switched Capacitor
	5 Simulation Studies
	6 Conclusion
	References
Incremental Benefits Allocation for Multi-stakeholder Wind-Solar-Hydro-Hydrogen Energy System Based on Cooperative Game Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Models of Wind-PV-Hydro-Hydrogen Energy System
		2.1 The Expectation Function of Wind and PV Power
		2.2 Objective Function
		2.3 Constrains
	3 Allocation Methods
		3.1 Quantification for Incremental Benefit
		3.2 Shapley Value Method
		3.3 Aumann-Shapley Value Method
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Case 1 for a 5-Stakeholder Wind-PV-Hydro-Hydrogen Generation System
		4.2 Case 2 for a 50-Stakeholder System in Lower Yalong River Basin
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Agent-Based Simulation Analysis of Day-Ahead Market Pricing Mechanism for Energy-Frequency Regulation-Reserve Combined Operation for Wind Integrated Power System
	1 Introduction
	2 Day Ahead Market Clearing Model Considering Ancillary Service Availability
	3 LMP Pricing Mechanism
	4 VCG Pricing Mechanism
	5 Agent-Based Simulation
	6 Numerical Analysis
		6.1 Analysis of Incentive Compatibility Characteristics
		6.2 Agent-Based Simulation Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Blockchain Based Energy Dispatch in Honeycomb Active Distribution Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Honeycomb Active Distribution Network and Its Energy Hub
	3 Energy Dispatch in Energy Hub of Honeycomb Active Distribution Network Based on Blockchain
		3.1 Blockchain Platform Structure of Energy Dispatch in Energy Hub
		3.2 Information Exchange Process Analysis of Energy Hub Based on Blockchain in Energy Dispatch for Voltage Control
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Power System Reinforcement Considering Integrated and Complementary Operation of Wind-PV-Hydro
	1 Introduction
	2 Resource Relevance Analysis on Scenarios
	3 Coordinated Planning Model
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
		3.3 Solution Method
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Dynamic Inertia Evaluation of DC Microgrid Integrated with Type 4 Wind Turbine
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of the DC Microgrid Integrated with Type 4 Wind Turbine
		2.1 System Configuration
		2.2 Phase Motion Equation Based Modeling Method
		2.3 Modeling of the DC Microgrid in Integrated with Type 4 Wind Turbine
	3 Dynamic Inertia Evaluation for DC Microgrid Integrated with Type 4 Wind Turbine
		3.1 Inertia Evaluating Method
		3.2 Derivation of Inertia Function
	4 Simulink Verification
	5 Conclusions
	Appendix A
	Appendix B
	References
Application of FEA to Analyse the Seismic Response of Converter Valve Tower
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Model
		2.1 Converter Valve Model
		2.2 Material Science
		2.3 Constraints
		2.4 Finite Element Model of Converter Valve Tower
		2.5 The Load
	3 Analysis of Calculation Results
		3.1 Overall Stress and Strain
		3.2 Modal Analysis
		3.3 Seismic Response Spectrum Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Small Signal Synchronous Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected VSC in Weak Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Synchronous Stabilization Mechanism of Single-Converter Grid-Connected System with Small Disturbance
		2.1 Single-Converter Infinity System Control Loop Interactions
		2.2 Analysis of Synchronous Stabilization Mechanism of Grid-Connected Converter with Small Disturbance
	3 Analysis of the Influence of System Parameters on the Stability of Small Signal in Grid-Connected Converter Systems
		3.1 Effect of PLL Bandwidth on System Stability
		3.2 Effect of Current Loop Bandwidth on System Stability
	4 Conclusion
	References
SISO Impedance-Based Stability Analysis Method for PLL-Based Power Converters in Weak AC Grids
	1 Introduction
	2 Impedance-Based Modeling of GCS
	3 Equivalent Model for Adaptation Analysis
		3.1 Constructing Equivalent SISO System
		3.2 Structural Features of Equivalent SISO System
		3.3 Robustness of Equivalent SISO System
	4 Small Signal Stability Analysis
		4.1 Robustness Analysis
		4.2 Adaptive Verification of Loop Shaping
	5 Conclusion
	References
Coordinated Planning of “Generation-Grid-Storage” for Receiver-End Power Grid Considering Resilience Improvement
	1 Introduction
	2 Failure Model of the Receiver-End Power Grid Under Typhoon
		2.1 Typhoon Model Based on Parameter Fitting
		2.2 Transmission Channel Failure Model
		2.3 Process for Selecting Failure Scenarios
	3 Generation-Grid-Storage Coordinated Planning Model Considering Resilience Enhancement
		3.1 Wind Turbine Shutdown Model
		3.2 Transmission Grid Restructuring Model
		3.3 Energy Storage Operation Mode and Life Cycle Cost
		3.4 Generation-Grid-Storage Coordinated Planning Model
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Improved IEEE14 System Parameters
		4.2 Typhoon Parameters
		4.3 Planning results analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Dynamic Equivalent Model of Active Distribution Network Based on Improved Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Dynamic Equivalent Model for ADN
		2.1 Equivalent Direct-Drive Wind Turbine
		2.2 Equivalent Photovoltaic Power Generation
		2.3 Equivalent Comprehensive Load
	3 Online Identification
		3.1 Improved Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
		3.2 Equivalent Model Parameter Identification
		3.3 Online Evaluation
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Simulation System
		4.2 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Improved Security Assessment Method for Integrated Energy System Based on Load Cut Set and Network Equivalence
	1 Introduction
	2 Load Cut Set and Network Equivalence
		2.1 Steady-State IES Model
		2.2 Load Cut Set
		2.3 Network Equivalence
	3 Case Study and Security Assessment Process
		3.1 Case Study
		3.2 Security Assessment Process
	4 Conclusion
	References
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Cubature Particle Filter for Unbalanced Distribution System State Estimation
	1 Introduction
	2 State Space Model for Unbalanced Distribution System
		2.1 State Space Model
		2.2 State Process Model
		2.3 State Measurement Model
	3 Dynamic State Estimation Based on MCMC-CPF
		3.1 Dynamic State Estimation Based on CPF
		3.2 Construction of Proposal Distribution Based on CKF
		3.3 Diversity Preservation Based on MCMC Sampling
		3.4 Flowchart of MCMC-CPF
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Performance Evaluation
		4.2 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Real-Time Scheduling Strategy of Electric Vehicle Load Aggregation Quotient Based on Incentive and Price of Demand Response
	1 Introduction
	2 Based on Demand Response Incentive and Price Regulation Strategy Framework
		2.1 Incentive Scheduling Model
		2.2 Price Scheduling Model
		2.3 Charging Demand Model
	3 LPC Scheduling Strategy Based on Incentive and Price
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Restrictions
	4 Model Solving
	5 Case Analysis
		5.1 Result Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design and Simulation of Control Law in a Common Axis Double Rotor Unmanned Helicopter
	1 Introduction
	2 Establishment and Linearization of Mathematical Model
		2.1 Define Coordinate System
		2.2 Force Analysis
		2.3 Model Linearization
	3 Flight Control Law Design
		3.1 Control Strategy
		3.2 Lateral Control Law Design
		3.3 Design of Heading Inner Loop Control Law
	4 Prototyping and Simulation
	5 Summary
	References
Calculation of Voltage Stability Margin Considering Volt/Var Control Types of Photovoltaic Power Plants
	1 Introduction
	2 Continuous Power Flow Calculation Considering Volt/Var Control Type of Photovoltaic Power Plant
		2.1 Parametric Power Flow Equation Considering Volt/Var Control Type of Photovoltaic Power Plant
		2.2 Continuous Power Flow Calculation
	3 Case Study
	4 Conclusion
	References
Multi-objective Capacity Optimization Allocation of Wind-Photovoltaic Coupling Hydrogen Production System Considering TOU Price
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Instructions for Authors
	2 System Structure and Mathematical Model of Microgrid
		2.1 System Structure
		2.2 Mathematical Model
	3 Optimal Configuration Model of Microgrid
		3.1 The Objective Function
		3.2 The Constraint
	4 Operation Control Strategy and Model Solving Method of Microgrid
	5 The Example Analysis
		5.1 Typical Simulation Scenario
		5.2 Parameter Settings
		5.3 Analysis of Optimization Results
		5.4 Impact of the Weight Coefficient on the Optimal Capacity Configuration
	6 Conclusion
	Attached Drawing
	References
An Improved Method for Combining the Power Station Operation Modes Based on the Variation Trend of the Power Source Contribution Coefficient
	1 Introduction
	2 Discussion on Operation Mode Combination in EHV Transmission Line Setting Calculation
		2.1 Protection Principle Application of the EHV Relay Protection Device
		2.2 Requirements for Power Station Operation Mode Combination in Different Protection Principles
	3 Influence of Station Location on PSAIC and the Iterative Problem of Power Source Contribution Coefficient Method
		3.1 Influence of Power Station Location on PSAIC
		3.2 General Implementation Process and Iteration Problem of Power Source Contribution Coefficient Method
	4 Improved Power Station Operation Mode Combination Method Based on the Variation Trend of PSCC
		4.1 Clustering Error Judgment Based on PSCC Variation Trend
		4.2 Improved Operation Mode Combination Method Based on Clustering Results
		4.3 Implementation Process
	5 Simulation Case Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Electricity Retail Plan Recommendation Method Based on an Improved Non-negative Latent Factor Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Similar Customers Discrimination Method Based on Customers’ Load Consumption Characteristics
		2.1 Customers’ Load Consumption Characteristics
		2.2 Similar Customers Discrimination
	3 Customers’ Ratings on Electricity Retail Plans Based on an Improved Non-negative Latent Factor Model
	4 The Top-Q Electricity Retail Plans Recommendation
	5 Case Studies
	6 Conclusions
	References
Prediction of Frequency Stability of Grid-Connected Wind Power System After Disturbance
	1 Introduction
	2 Introduction to the Algorithm
		2.1 Light Gradient Boosting Machine
		2.2 Attention–LSTM
	3 Frequency Prediction Model
		3.1 Problem Description
		3.2 Wind Power Grid-Connected 39-Bus Digital Twin System
		3.3 Input Feature Analysis
		3.4 Disturbance Settings
		3.5 Prediction Process
	4 Example Analysis
		4.1 Frequency Prediction of Wind Power Grid-Connected 39-Bus System After Disturbance
		4.2 Prediction Analysis of Grid Topology Change
	5 Conclusion
	References
Short-Term Load Forecasting Model Based on BiLSTM and Attention Mechanism
	1 Introduction
	2 CNN and BiLSTM
		2.1 One-Dimensional CNN
		2.2 BiLSTM
	3 Attention Mechanism
		3.1 Attention Mechanism
	4 Establishment of the AC-BiLSTM Model
		4.1 Data Normalization Processing
		4.2 The Basic Structure of the AC-BiLSTM
		4.3 The Evaluation Metrics of the Model
		4.4 The Process of the Model Prediction
	5 Case Study
		5.1 The Analysis of the Load Data
		5.2 Comparative Experiment
		5.3 Ablation Experiment
	6 Conclusion
	References
Research on Job Simulation and Online Monitoring System of Distribution Robot Based on Digital Twin
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Digital Twin System for Distribution Network Live Working Robot
		2.1 Digital Twin System Architecture
		2.2 Real Distribution Network Live Working Robot Composition
		2.3 Design of Virtual System of Distribution Network Live Working Robot
	3 Design of Simulation Platform and Visualization System for Live Working Robot in Distribution Network
		3.1 Kinematic Analysis and Path Planning
		3.2 Collision Detection
		3.3 Job Simulation Design
		3.4 Visual Online Monitoring System Design
	4 Experiment and Results
		4.1 Job Simulation Function Experiment
		4.2 Online Monitoring System Experiment of Live Working of Distribution Network
		4.3 Collision Detection Experiment
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Research of Static Voltage Stability Supported by the Distributed Generation
	1 Introduction
	2 CPF for Distribution Network with DGs
		2.1 Model of CPF with DGs
		2.2 Procedure of CPF
	3 DG Models the Back/Forward Power Flow
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Establishment of a New Electric Marketing Audit Pattern Based on Time Series
	1 The Introduction
	2 Electric Marketing Audit and Related Definitions
		2.1 The First Sequence – In Advance Embedded Checking and Correction
		2.2 The Second Sequence – In Process Warning and Control
		2.3 The Third Sequence – Post Operation In-Depth Inspection
		2.4 White List
	3 Architecture of the New Audit System Based on Dual-Center Platform
		3.1 The First Sequence – In Advance Embedded Checking and Correction Rule Model
		3.2 The Second Sequence – In Process Warning and Control Rule Model
		3.3 The Third Sequence – Post Operation In-Depth Inspection Rule Model
		3.4 Establishment of Articulation Relationship of the Three Time Series Rules
	4 Deployment and Application of the Three Time Series Rules
		4.1 Example of Application of the Embedded Checking and Correction Rules
		4.2 Example of Application of in Process Warning and Control Rules
		4.3 Example of Application of Post Operation In-Depth Inspection Rules
		4.4 Improvement of the Rules According to Articulation Relationship
	5 Auxiliary Supporting Tools and Applications
		5.1 The Construction of Marketing Rule Knowledge Graph
		5.2 Application of the Smart Label Tool
	6 Conclusion
	References
On-line Monitoring of Measurement Errors of CVT Based on Independent Component Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 State Evaluation Model of Measurement Errors of CVT
		2.1 Working Principle of CVT
	3 Establishing On-line Values of the Standard of Detection
	4 Model of ICA is Established
		4.1 Principles of the Algorithm
		4.2 Determination of Statistical Control Limits
		4.3 Abnormal Phase Diagnosis
		4.4 Simulation Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
Regulation Strategy of Time and Space Characteristics of Charging Station Load Based on BESS and DPSS Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Regulation Mechanism of Charging Station
	3 Optimization Strategy of Time and Space Dual Regulation of Charging Station Load
	4 Optimization Model
		4.1 BESS Day-Ahead Optimization Model
		4.2 Real-Time Optimization Model of DPSS State
		4.3 Net Income Model of Charging Station
	5 Example Analysis
		5.1 Simulation Parameter Setting
		5.2 Analysis of the Effectiveness of Dual Regulation Strategy in Time Dimension
		5.3 Analysis on the Effectiveness of Space Dimension Regulation of Dual Regulation Strategy
	6 Conclusion
	References
Distributionally Robust Optimization Evaluation of Distribution Network Reliability Considering EV Access and Interaction
	1 Introduction
	2 Reliability Model of EV Accessing Distribution Network
		2.1 Traveling Model of Electric Vehicle
		2.2 Reliability Model of Coupling Elements Between Electric Vehicle and Distribution Network
		2.3 A EV Charging and Discharging Excitation Model
	3 Two-Stage Reliability Distributionally Robust Optimization Evaluation Model
		3.1 Reliability Indicators for Electric Vehicle Access
		3.2 A Fault Recovery Model Considering EV Access
	4 Case Study
	References
Hierarchical and Multi-time Scale Energy Management for Island Microgrid Cluster System
	1 Introduction
	2 Hierarchical and Multi-time Scale Energy Management
	3 Energy Management Model of Island Microgrid Cluster
		3.1 Day-Ahead Dispatching Model of Microgrid
		3.2 Day-Ahead Dispatching Model of Microgrid Cluster
		3.3 Intra-Day Rolling Dispatching Model of microgrid cluster
	4 Example Analysis
		4.1 Simulation of Microgrid Level Dispatching
		4.2 Simulation of Microgrid Cluster Level Dispatching
	5 Conclusion
	References
Electricity Market Trading Mechanism and Business Model Under Coordination of Distribution and Storage
	1 Introduction
	2 Current Electricity Price Structure and Market Rules
		2.1 Current Electricity Price Structure
		2.2 Market Rules
	3 Electricity Market Trading Mechanism of Distribution and Storage
		3.1 Direct Transactions in the Distribution-Storage Market
		3.2 LMP of Distribution and Storage
		3.3 Distributed Iterative Clearing Mechanism
	4 The Dynamic Capacity Leasing Model of Shared Energy Storage
		4.1 Leasing Mode
		4.2 Shared Energy Storage Rental Model
	5 Case Studies
		5.1 LMP for ES
		5.2 Market Clearing Mechanism
		5.3 Shared Energy Storage Rental Model
	6 Conclusion
	References
Parameter Identification of Composite Load Model Based on PMU Small Disturbance Signal
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of PMU Small Disturbance Signals
		2.1 Feasibility Analysis of PMU Small Disturbance Signal Load Parameter Identification
	3 Parameter Identification Method Based on Small Perturbations
		3.1 Assumptions and Explanations
		3.2 Identification Framework
		3.3 Electromagnetic and Time-Varying Parameter Identification
		3.4 Electromechanical Parameter Identification
	4 Case Analysis
		4.1 Simulation Verification
		4.2 Actual Power System PMU Data Validation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Review on MMC-HVDC and Its Power Quality Management Issues
	1 Introduction
	2 Working Principle of HVDC
		2.1 Controlling Principle of VSC-HVDC
		2.2 Topological Structure of MMC-HVDC
	3 Main Technical Advantages of MMC-HVDC
	4 MMC-HVDC Power Quality Management Application
		4.1 Voltage Stability
		4.2 Harmonic Suppression
		4.3 Dynamic Reactive Power Compensation
		4.4 Improve the Quality of Output Waveform
	5 Conclusion
	References
Exploration of Transformer Operation and Maintenance Technology and Realization of Transformer Condition Monitoring System
	1 Introduction
	2 The Reasons of Transformer Fault
		2.1 Equipment Aging
		2.2 Influence of Weather
		2.3 Management and Maintenance
	3 Development Status of Transformer Condition Monitoring Technology
		3.1 Online Monitoring and Analysis Technology for Oil and Gas
		3.2 Online Partial Discharge Monitoring Technology
		3.3 Online Temperature Monitoring Technology
		3.4 Infrared Technology
		3.5 Vibration Analysis Technology
	4 Multi-source Information Fusion Technology
	5 Development of Transformer Condition Monitoring System
	6 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Dispatch of Multi-VPP Considering Stackelberg Game and Carbon Trading
	1 Introduction
	2 Stackelberg Game Model for VPPCO and Multi-VPP
		2.1 Framework of the Stackelberg Game Model
		2.2 Pricing Model for the VPPCO
		2.3 Energy Dispatch Model for the VPP
	3 Stackelberg Game Model Solution
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Basic Data
		4.2 Scheduling Results
		4.3 Economic Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis on the Causes of False Alarms of the Insulation Monitoring Device of the Medium Voltage System of the Nuclear Power Plant
	1 Introduction
	2 Two False Low Insulation Alarm Events
		2.1 False S2 Alarm Caused by Improper Neutral Grounding Mode
		2.2 False S1 Alarm Randomly Caused by Influencing Factors
	3 Rationalization Suggestions for THR1
	4 Conclusion
	References
Fault Detection of Commutation Failure Based on BP Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Commutation Failure
	3 Fault Detection of Commutation Failure Based on BP Neural Network
		3.1 BP Neural Network Recognition Process
		3.2 BP Neural Network Model Establishment
	4 Case Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Uncertainty Modeling Methods in Integrated Energy Systems Planning: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 IES Planning: An Overview
		2.1 Traditional Grid Planning
		2.2 IES Planning
	3 Uncertainty Modeling Methods in IES Planning
		3.1 The Probabilistic Techniques
		3.2 The Stochastic Optimization
		3.3 The Robust Optimization (RO)
		3.4 The Possibilistic Techniques
		3.5 The Hybrid Possibilistic–Probabilistic Techniques
	4 Compares and Summarizes on Uncertainty Modeling Methods in IIES Planning
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Impact of Distributed Power on the Distribution System
		2.1 Impact of Distributed Power Supply on Network Loss
		2.2 Impact of Distributed Power Flow Supply on Distribution Network Planning
		2.3 Influence of Distributed Power Supply on Distribution Network Reliability
	3 Optimal Configuration of Distributed Power Supply Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
		3.1 Objective Function of Optimal Configuration of Distributed Power Supply
		3.2 Constraints on Optimal Distributed Power Supply Configuration
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusions
	References
An Improved CSM Algorithm Fusing Multi-frame Point Cloud Information with Grid Multi-resolution and Angle Multi-resolution
	1 Introduction
	2 Constructing Rasterized Lookup Table Algorithm by Fusing Multi-frame Historical Point Cloud Information
		2.1 Analysis of the Algorithm of Constructing Rasterized Lookup Table by Fusing Multi-frame Historical Point Cloud Information
		2.2 The Test of Integrating Multi-frame Historical Point Cloud Information to Construct a Rasterized Lookup Table Algorithm
	3 Improved CSM Algorithm Based on Grid Multi-resolution and Angle Multi-resolution
		3.1 The Analysis of Improved CSM Algorithm Based on Grid Multi-resolution and Angle Multi-resolution
		3.2 The Test of Improved CSM Algorithm Based on Grid Multi-resolution and Angle Multi-resolution
	4 Experiment and Analysis of Improved Algorithm Based on Cartographer
		4.1 Experimental Platform System
		4.2 SLAM Algorithm Simulation Experiment and Analysis
		4.3 Complex Scene Experiment and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Power Considering Parameter Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Strategy for Wind Power Forecasting
	3 CNN-LSTM Structure
		3.1 CNN
		3.2 LSTM
	4 Differential Evolution Algorithm
	5 Case Study
	6 Conclusion
	References
Energy Storage Configuration of Energy Collection Station Based on Wind and Solar Characteristics
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Complementary Characteristics of Solar and Wind Energy
	3 Mathematical Model of BESS
	4 Optimal Configuration Model of BESS
		4.1 The Decision Objectives of Energy Storage System
		4.2 Constraint
	5 Case of Study
		5.1 Complementary Characteristics of Solar and Wind Energy
		5.2 Results of BESS Configuration
	6 Conclusion
	References
Optimization of Capacity Ratios of Regionalized Hybrid New Energy Power Station
	1 Introduction
	2 Optimal Ratio Model of New Energy Capacity
		2.1 Data Preparation
		2.2 The Optimal Ratio Model with Output Power Smoothness as the Goal
		2.3 The Optimal Ratio Model with Source-Load Matching as the Goal
	3 Case of Study
		3.1 Results of Ratio Model with Output Power Smoothness as the Goal
		3.2 Results of Ratio Model with Source-Load Matching as the Goal
	4 Conclusion
	References
Faulty Feeder Detection Method for Low Resistance Grounding System Based on Pearson Coefficient
	1 Introduction
	2 Characteristic Analysis of Traveling Waves
		2.1 Decoupling and Selection of Fault Traveling Waves
		2.2 Time Domain Waveform Characteristics
		2.3 Time-Frequency Domain Waveform Characteristics
	3 Faulty Feeder Detection Method Based on Pearson Coefficient
		3.1 Construction of the Amplitude Matrix
		3.2 Pearson Coefficient Square Matrix
		3.3 Pearson Composite Similarity
		3.4 Flow Chart
	4 Simulation Verification
		4.1 A Subsection Sample
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Dispatch Method of Smart Wind Farm Considering Hydrogen-Battery Hybrid Energy Storage
	1 Introduction
	2 Hydrogen-Battery Hybrid Energy Storage
		2.1 Model of Hydrogen Storage
		2.2 Model of Battery Storage
	3 Optimal Dispatching of Smart Wind Farms
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Parameters
		4.2 Simulation Results
		4.3 Comparative Study
	5 Conclusions
	References
Exploration of Professional English Teaching for Electrical Engineering Under the Dual Carbon Goal
	1 Introduction
	2 English Teaching Concepts for Electrical Engineering Majors
		2.1 The Necessity of Professional English
		2.2 Characteristics of English for Electrical Majors
	3 Current Problems in English Teaching for Electrical Majors
		3.1 Status of Teachers and Students
		3.2 Teaching Status
	4 The Improvement Measures of Professional English Teaching Oriented to “Dual Carbon”
		4.1 School Level
		4.2 Teaching Content Level
		4.3 Teaching Method Level
	5 Conclusion
	References
Gas Supply Restoration Analysis Method of Gas-Fired Units for Power System Restoration
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 Assumption
		2.2 Notations
		2.3 The Optimization Model
	3 Simulation Result
		3.1 System Information
		3.2 Gas Supply Restoration Strategy
		3.3 Verification and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Non-intrusive Series Arc Fault Detection Based on V-I Trajectory Features
	1 Introduction
	2 Non-intrusive Acquisition and Characteristics Analysis of the Series Arc Current
	3 V-I Trajectory Features Extraction of Series Arc Fault
	4 Non-intrusive Series Arc Fault Detection
	5 Experiment and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Wind Turbine Virtual Inertia Quantization Control Method Based on Additional Speed Control
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis and Calculation of Frequency Response Characteristics of Wind Power Grid-Connected System
		2.1 Analysis of System Frequency Response Characteristics
		2.2 Frequency Response Process Calculation
	3 Virtual Inertia Quantization Control Strategy of Wind Turbine
		3.1 Wind Turbine Speed Variation Demand Calculation
		3.2 Wind Turbine Speed Control Strategy
	4 Simulation Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Partial Discharge Pattern Recognition in GIS Based on CNN-SVM
	1 Introduction
	2 Construction of Partial Discharge Data Set
		2.1 GIS Partial Discharge Experimental Platform
		2.2 Setting of Partial Discharge Defect Type
		2.3 Partial Discharge Signal PRPD Spectrum
	3 Implementation of CNN-SVM Model
		3.1 Structure and Principle of CNN
		3.2 Structure and Principle of SVM
		3.3 Pattern Recognition Process
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Study on Distribution Network Reliability Based on Adaptive Genetic Algorithm with Simulated Annealing
	1 Introduction
	2 Distribution Network Reliability Index
		2.1 Load Point Indicators
		2.2 Distribution Network System Indicators
	3 Silo Division
	4 Distribution Network Reliability Assessment Algorithm with DG
	5 Simulated Annealing Adaptive Genetic Algorithm for Minimum Road
		5.1 Mathematical Description of the Shortest-Circuit Problem
		5.2 Encoding and Initializing Populations
		5.3 Adaptation Value Assessment
		5.4 Selection, Crossover, Variation
		5.5 Simulated Annealing Algorithm
		5.6 Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
		5.7 Simulated Annealing Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
	6 Computational Simulation
		6.1 Comparison of Algorithms
		6.2 Distribution Network Reliability Assessment Calculation Example
	7 Conclusion
	References
Robust Optimal Scheduling Method of Virtual Power Plant with Uncertainty and Demand Response
	1 Introduction
	2 Flow of Robust Optimization Scheduling Method
	3 Basic Mathematical Model
		3.1 Virtual Power Plant Deterministic Model
		3.2 Virtual Power Plant Uncertainty Model
		3.3 Virtual Power Plant Demand Response Model
	4 Objective of Economic Optimization Scheduling for Virtual Power Plant
	5 Constraints of Safe Operation
	6 Robust Optimized Scheduling Method Based on Information Distance Decision Theory
	7 Implementation Analysis of Robust Optimal Scheduling Method for Virtual Power Plant
	8 Conclusion
	References
System Framework and Comprehensive Functions of Intelligent Operation Management and Control Platform for Virtual Power Plan
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Virtual Power Plant Energy Ecosystem
		2.1 Virtual Power Plant Operation and Control Framework
		2.2 Virtual Power Plant Participation in Market Framework
	3 System Framework of Intelligent Operation Management and Control Platform for Virtual Power Plan
	4 Integrated Function of Intelligent Operation Management and Control Platform for Virtual Power Plan
		4.1 Structure Blueprint of Comprehensive Function
		4.2 Physical Structure of Comprehensive Function
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on NPC Three-Level Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator Control
	1 Introduction
	2 The Basic Principle of NPC Three-Level Inverter
	3 Three-Level SVPWM Control Strategy
		3.1 Space Vectors
		3.2 Space Vector Modulation
	4 NPC Type Three Level Inverter Based on VSG
		4.1 P - F Control
		4.2 Q - V Control
	5 Simulation Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Coordinated Dispatching and Benefit Allocation Between Electrified Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems, Charging Networks and Power Distribution Networks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Literature Review
		1.3 Contributions
	2 Modeling of Interacting Entities
		2.1 Modeling of Electrified Autonomous Mobility on Demand System
		2.2 Modeling of Charging Network Operator
		2.3 Modeling of Power Distribution Network
	3 Coordinated Dispatching and Benefit Allocation
		3.1 Coordinated Dispatching
		3.2 Benefit Allocation
	4 Case Studies
		4.1 Case Settings
		4.2 Dispatching Results
		4.3 Benefit Allocation Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Inertia Analysis Methods and Improvement Measures for East China Power Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Inertia Composition of East China Power Grid
		2.1 Calculation Method of Inertia
		2.2 Inertia of Generators
		2.3 Inertia Response of Induction Motors
		2.4 Participation of Renewable Energy and Energy Storage in System Inertia Response
		2.5 Calculation Method of Total Inertia Response Capacity
	3 Inertia Analysis of East China
		3.1 Unit Composition in East China
		3.2 Inertia Composition in East China
		3.3 RoCoF Variations Caused by DC Block Under Different Permeability
	4 Improvement Measures of Inertia Response Capacity
		4.1 Improvement of Source and Storage on Renewable Energy Inertia
		4.2 Increase in Equivalent Inertia of Load Control Measures
	5 Conclusion
	References
Transmission Tower Deviation Correction Monitoring System Based on Beidou Positioning
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanical Simulation Analysis of Deviation Rectification of Tower
		2.1 Analysis of Pre-deviation of Pole and Tower
		2.2 Establishment of Finite Element Model of a Tower
		2.3 Stress Analysis of a Tower
	3 Design of Monitoring System
		3.1 Overall System Design
		3.2 Perception Node Design
		3.3 Design of Sink Nodes
		3.4 System Software Design
	4 Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Energy Storage Planning of Distributed Multi-energy Systems Considering the Demand Response of Electric and Heat Loads
	1 Introduction
	2 The Integrated Demand Response of Electricity and Heat
		2.1 Demand Response of Electric Load
		2.2 Demand Response of Heat Load
	3 Energy Storage Planning of DMES Considering Demand Response of Electric and Heat Load
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 The Constraints
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Data Description
		4.2 Optimization Results
		4.3 The Analysis of Typical Day
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Air-Conditioning Load Aggregation Based on Multi-agent Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Multi-agent System Modeling
		2.1 Communication Mechanism of Agent
		2.2 Cost Function
		2.3 Leading Agent and Following Agent
	3 Temperature Load Clustering Modeling
		3.1 Temperature Control Load Clustering Model
		3.2 Demand Response of Temperature Control Load
	4 Example Analysis and Performance Evaluation
		4.1 Upper Agents Task Allocation
		4.2 Lower Agents Task Allocation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Flexible Resources Allocation in High-Penetration Renewable Energy System Based on Stochastic Programming
	1 Introduction
	2 Stochastic Programming Model
	3 Flexibility Resources Allocation Model
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Test System Parameters
		4.2 Allocation Results
		4.3 Validation of Frequency Improvement via Flexible Resources Allocation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Extended State Observer-Backstepping Control for Grid-Tied PV System
	1 Introduction
	2 PV System Model
		2.1 Photovoltaic System Structure
		2.2 Dynamic Mode of PV System
	3 Controller Design
		3.1 Extended State Observer
		3.2 Backstepping Control
	4 Stability Proof
	5 Simulation Research
	6 Conclusion
	References
Coordinated Control of Multiple Dynamic Reactive Power Devices in Southern Jiangsu Power Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Selection of Devices Involved in the Coordination
		2.1 Evaluation of the Voltage Interaction Intensity
		2.2 Selection of Devices in the Southern Jiangsu Power Grid
	3 Reactive Power Coordinated Control Strategy
		3.1 Coordinated Control Principles
		3.2 Design of the Coordinated Control System
		3.3 Application Effect of the Strategy in the Southern Jiangsu Power Grid
	4 Conclusions
	References
Primary Frequency Control Analysis of Grid-Following MMC Connected System
	1 First Section
		1.1 A Subsection Sample
	2 Control Strategy of MMC
		2.1 Control Strategy
		2.2 Primary Frequency Control Strategy of MMC
	3 Primary Frequency Control Characteristics of MMC Connected System
		3.1 A Subsection Sample
		3.2 Steady-State Frequency Support Strength Index
		3.3 Analysis of Influencing Factors of βX
	4 Simulation Analysis
		4.1 A Subsection Sample
	5 Conclusion
	References
Overview of Research on Energy Storage Participating in Frequency Oscillation Suppression of New Power Systems with High Hydropower Permeability
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanism of Power System Frequency Oscillation
	3 Energy Storage and Multi-energy Coordinated Frequency Modulation Control Strategy
		3.1 Application Status of Energy Storage Frequency Modulation
		3.2 Energy Storage Directly Involved in Frequency Modulation
		3.3 Energy Storage Aided Frequency Regulation of Traditional Thermal Power Unit
		3.4 Energy Storage Auxiliary New Energy Frequency Regulation
	4 Research Prospect
	5 Conclusion
	References
Does Electricity Market Reform Affect the Development of Industry in Shaoxing
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methodology
		2.1 Data Description
		2.2 Econometric Model Specification
		2.3 Evaluation of Electricity Price Marketization
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Impact on the Electricity Price Marketization
		3.2 Impact on the Economic Performance of Shaoxing’s Industrial Sectors
		3.3 Impact on the Energy Efficiency of Shaoxing’s Industrial Sectors
	4 Heterogeneity Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Discussion on the Construction Thoughts of Tibet’s Medium and Long-Term Main Power Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 The Development of Medium and Long-Term Power Grids is Facing the Situation
		2.1 Electricity Demand Maintains a Rapidly Growing
		2.2 Large-Scale Development and Exportation of Clean Energy
	3 Problems Exist in the Development of the Power Grid
		3.1 Low Level of Grid Security and Stability
		3.2 Insufficient Exportation Capacity of the Existing Power Transmission Channel
		3.3 The Structure of the Power Grid Does not Meet the Requirements of Economic and Social Development
		3.4 Channel Corridor Resources are Tight
	4 Planning of Tibet Power Grid
		4.1 Cooperate with the Clean Energy Base to Add New Power Transmission Channels
		4.2 Construct an Internal Main Power Grid Adapting to Economic and Social Development
		4.3 Connecting the Clean Energy Base and the Internal Main Grid Connection Plan
		4.4 Overall Planning of Channel Corridor Resources
		4.5 Multiple Means to Improve the Security Level of the Main Power Grid
	5 Summarize
	References
NIMLS-ICP: An ICP Variant Suitable for Substation Scenarios
	1 Introduction
	2 Remove Motion Distortion
	3 Point Cloud Segmentation
		3.1 Extract Ground Points
		3.2 Equipment Point Cloud Clustering
	4 Point Cloud Alignment
	5 Experiment
		5.1 Experimental Design
		5.2 Experimental Results
	6 Summary
	References
Static Voltage Stability Analysis of Receiving-End Power Grid of LCC-HVDC with the Connection of Non-synchronous Generation Sources
	1 Introduction
	2 Static Voltage Stability of the Single-Infeed Conventional HVDC System
		2.1 System Configuration
		2.2 CESCR
	3 The Effect of Non-synchronous Generator Sources on the Static Voltage Stability
		3.1 System Configuration
		3.2 Generalized Effective Short Circuit Ratio
	4 Simulation Validation
		4.1 The Effect of Non-synchronous Generator Sources on the GCESCR
		4.2 The Effect of Droop Coefficient on the GCESCR
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research on Operation Strategy of Heat Storage System Suitable for New Energy Consumption in High Altitude and Cold Region
	1 Introduction
	2 Internal Operation Process of Heat Storage Device
		2.1 Working Principle of Heat Storage Device
		2.2 Model of Each Link Inside the Heat Storage Device
	3 Analysis of the Influence of High Altitude and Cold Environment Conditions on Heat Storage System
		3.1 Influence of Alpine and High Altitude Environment on Heat Storage System
		3.2 Energy Flow Simulation Model of Heat Storage Device.
	4 Energy Management and Distribution of Electric Heating System Network Based on Maximum New Energy Consumption
		4.1 Mathematical Model of Electrical and Thermal Devices
		4.2 Energy Scheduling Model
	5 Model Simulation Verification
		5.1 Model Simulation of Heat Storage Device
		5.2 Simulation of Maximum Wind Power Consumption
	6 Concludes
	References
Battery Energy Storage Degradation Estimation Method Applied to Optimal Configuration Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 BES Degradation Estimation Method
		2.1 BES Optimal Configuration
		2.2 Calculation of BES Capacity Loss Based on Degradation Rate
		2.3 Calculation of BES Capacity Loss Based on RCA
	3 Simulation
		3.1 Comparison of the Accuracy of BES Degradation Estimation Methods
		3.2 Iterative Process of Correcting Degradation Rate by RCA
		3.3 Verification of the Feasibility of RCA
	4 Conclusion
	References
Research of Fault Current Limiting in 66/10 kV Substation with Magneto-Biased Superconducting Fault Current Limiter
	1 Introduction
	2 General Situation of 66/10 kV Substation Line
	3 Magneto-Biased Superconducting Fault Current Limiter
		3.1 Topology
		3.2 Operation Principle
	4 System Simulation of Magneto-Biased Superconducting Fault Current Limiter
		4.1 Subdivision Model of Quench Resistance
		4.2 Construction of Simulation Model of Magneto-Biased Superconducting Fault Current Limiter
		4.3 Simulation Process
	5 Results and Analysis
		5.1 Characteristic of Current Limiting Rate
		5.2 Characteristic of Quench Resistance
		5.3 Characteristic of Temperature
	6 Conclusion
	References
Detection and Fault Characteristics Analysis of Multi-core Cables in Substation Based on Nanosecond Pulse Injection Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Multi-core Cable Detection Model
	3 Fault Characteristics Analysis of Multi-core Cable
		3.1 Open-Circuit Fault
		3.2 Ground Fault
	4 Fast Detection Method for Multi-core Cable
		4.1 Fast Detection Method for Multi-core Cable
		4.2 Design of Nanosecond Pulse Generation Circuit
		4.3 Experimental Verification
	5 Conclusion
	References
Multi-objective Power System Real-Time Dispatch Based on Rule-Guided Deep Reinforcement Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
		2.1 Grid Dispatching Model with Multi-objective Optimization
		2.2 Constraint Condition
	3 Algorithm Design
		3.1 Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm
		3.2 Rule-Guided Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
	4 Case Simulation and Analysis
		4.1 Model Parameters
		4.2 Simulation Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Transmission Interface Classification and Thermal Stability Limit Calculation Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Definition of Related Terms
	3 Classification and Thermal Stability Limit Calculation of Transmission Interface
		3.1 Interface Composed of Bayonet Fault Channel and Bottleneck Channel
		3.2 Interface Composed of Fault Channel, Bottleneck Channel and Adjacent Channel
		3.3 Electromagnetic Loop Network Interface
		3.4 Voltage Stability Interface
		3.5 500 KV Transformer Control Interface
	4 Flowchart for Searching Cut Sets
	5 Case Study
		5.1 Double Parallel Transmission Line of Interface Type 1
		5.2 “Y” Shaped Interface in Interface Type 2
		5.3 Electromagnetic Loop Network Interface
		5.4 Voltage Stability Interface
		5.5 500 KV Transformer Control Interface
	6 Conclusion
	References
Flexible Transmission Network Planning Considering Static and Transient Security Constraints with Deep Peak Regulation Integrated
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation and Background
		1.2 Contributions and Organization of the Paper
	2 Flexible Index and Resource
		2.1 Peak-Regulation Capacity Deficiency Index
		2.2 Deep Peak Regulation
	3 Flexible Transmission Network Planning Model
		3.1 Objective Function
		3.2 Constraints
	4 Transient Security Constraint
	5 Case Studies
		5.1 HRP-38 Bus Test System
		5.2 Panning Schemes with Different Investment and Operational Portfolios
	6 Conclusion
	References
Author Index