Textbook of Endodontology 2nd Edition

Textbook of Endodontology......Page 5
Part 1 The Vital Pulp......Page 7
Part 2 The Necrotic Pulp......Page 8
Part 3 Endodontic Treatment Procedures......Page 9
Part 4 Diagnostic Considerations and Clinical Decision Making......Page 10
Part 5 The Root Filled Tooth......Page 11
List of Contributors......Page 13
Preface......Page 15
Endodontology......Page 17
The dawn of modern endodontology......Page 18
Clinical problems and solutions......Page 19
The diagnostic dilemma......Page 21
References......Page 22
Part 1 The Vital Pulp......Page 25
Constituents and normal functions of the dentin–pulp complex......Page 27
Basal maintenance......Page 34
Responses to external threats......Page 35
Effects of potentially destructive stimuli......Page 39
References......Page 46
Morphology of intradental sensory innervation......Page 49
Function of intradental sensory nerves under normal conditions......Page 52
Sensitivity of dentin: hydrodynamic mechanism in pulpal A-fiber activation......Page 53
Responses of intradental nerves to tissue injury and inflammation......Page 55
Dentin hypersensitivity......Page 58
Pain symptoms and pulpal diagnosis......Page 59
References......Page 60
Clinical scenarios......Page 63
Treatment options......Page 64
Factors influencing choice of treatment......Page 66
Management of exposed pulps by direct pulp capping/partial pulpotomy......Page 68
Pulpectomy......Page 75
Emergency treatment......Page 81
References......Page 85
Pulpal inflammation in the primary tooth......Page 89
Wound dressings – characteristics, modes of action and reported clinical success rates......Page 91
Operative treatment procedures......Page 95
Future directions......Page 101
References......Page 104
Part 2 The Necrotic Pulp......Page 109
Evidence for the essential role of microorganisms in apical periodontitis......Page 111
Routes of microbial entry to the pulpal space......Page 112
Modes of colonization......Page 113
Ecological determinants for microbial growth in root canals......Page 114
Methods for studying the root canal microflora......Page 119
Composition of the endodontic microflora......Page 122
Association of signs and symptoms with specific bacteria......Page 125
References......Page 126
The nature of apical periodontitis......Page 129
Interactions with the infecting microbiota......Page 134
Clinical manifestations and diagnostic terminology......Page 139
References......Page 142
Acute periapical infections as the origin of metastatic infections......Page 144
Chronic periapical infections as the origin of metastatic infections......Page 151
References......Page 154
Objectives and general treatment strategies......Page 156
Scheme for a routine procedure in root canal therapy......Page 159
Considerations in complex cases......Page 168
Management of symptomatic lesions......Page 169
References......Page 172
Part 3 Endodontic Treatment Procedures......Page 177
Components......Page 179
Ergonomics and working techniques......Page 180
Critical steps......Page 183
References......Page 184
Principles of root canal instrumentation......Page 185
Root canal system anatomy......Page 186
Procedural steps......Page 190
Endodontic instruments......Page 196
Instrumentation techniques......Page 199
Limitations of root canal instrumentation......Page 202
Preventing procedural mishaps......Page 204
References......Page 206
Introduction......Page 209
Requirements......Page 210
Gutta-percha cones......Page 214
Sealers......Page 218
Materials for retrograde fillings (root-end fillings) and replantation......Page 230
Mandibular nerve injuries......Page 231
References......Page 232
Selecting a root canal filling material......Page 235
Root filling techniques for gutta-percha......Page 237
Root filling techniques employing gutta-percha and sealer......Page 240
Assessing root filling quality......Page 245
Filling of the pulp chamber and coronal restoration......Page 246
References......Page 247
Part 4 Diagnostic Considerations and Clinical Decision Making......Page 249
Evaluation of diagnostic information......Page 251
Diagnostic strategy......Page 253
Collecting diagnostic information......Page 254
Diagnostic classification......Page 263
References......Page 269
Common dental injuries......Page 271
Dental trauma and its consequences......Page 274
General considerations in the management of dental trauma......Page 283
Diagnostic quandaries – to remove or review the pulp after trauma?......Page 289
References......Page 290
Introduction......Page 293
Neurobiological factors affecting the pain experience......Page 294
Psychological factors affecting the pain experience......Page 296
Gender and pain......Page 298
Special populations......Page 300
Management and treatment of pain......Page 301
References......Page 303
Clinical epidemiology......Page 306
Cause......Page 308
Prevalence, frequency and incidence......Page 309
Risk for apical periodontitis......Page 311
Prognosis......Page 312
Longevity of root filled teeth......Page 313
References......Page 314
The outcome of endodontic treatment......Page 317
Factors influencing treatment outcome......Page 318
Variation in the management of periapical lesions in endodontically treated teeth......Page 320
Clinical decision making: descriptive projects......Page 321
Endodontic retreatment decision making: a normative approach......Page 322
References......Page 327
Part 5 The Root Filled Tooth......Page 331
Problems associated with root filled teeth as abutments......Page 333
Core build-ups......Page 338
Clinical techniques......Page 341
Prosthodontic reconstruction......Page 343
Access to the root canal......Page 351
Access to the apical area......Page 355
Instrumentation of the root canal......Page 358
Antimicrobial treatment......Page 360
References......Page 362
Introduction......Page 364
General outline of the procedure (Core concept 21.2)......Page 365
Pain control after surgery......Page 377
Prognosis......Page 378
References......Page 380
Failures after surgical endodontics......Page 382
Index......Page 387