Terraform: Up & Running: Writing Infrastructure as Code

Cover
Copyright
Table of Contents
Preface
	Who Should Read This Book
	Why I Wrote This Book
	What You Will Find in This Book
	What’s New in the Second Edition
	What You Won’t Find in This Book
	Open Source Code Examples
	Using the Code Examples
	Conventions Used in This Book
	O’Reilly Online Learning
	How to Contact O’Reilly Media
	Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Why Terraform
	The Rise of DevOps
	What Is Infrastructure as Code?
		Ad Hoc Scripts
		Configuration Management Tools
		Server Templating Tools
		Orchestration Tools
		Provisioning Tools
	The Benefits of Infrastructure as Code
	How Terraform Works
	How Terraform Compares to Other IaC Tools
		Configuration Management Versus Provisioning
		Mutable Infrastructure Versus Immutable Infrastructure
		Procedural Language Versus Declarative Language
		Master Versus Masterless
		Agent Versus Agentless
		Large Community Versus Small Community
		Mature Versus Cutting Edge
		Using Multiple Tools Together
	Conclusion
Chapter 2. Getting Started with Terraform
	Setting Up Your AWS Account
	Install Terraform
	Deploy a Single Server
	Deploy a Single Web Server
	Deploy a Configurable Web Server
	Deploying a Cluster of Web Servers
	Deploying a Load Balancer
	Cleanup
	Conclusion
Chapter 3. How to Manage Terraform State
	What Is Terraform State?
	Shared Storage for State Files
	Limitations with Terraform’s Backends
	Isolating State Files
		Isolation via Workspaces
		Isolation via File Layout
	The terraform_remote_state Data Source
	Conclusion
Chapter 4. How to Create Reusable Infrastructure with Terraform Modules
	Module Basics
	Module Inputs
	Module Locals
	Module Outputs
	Module Gotchas
		File Paths
		Inline Blocks
	Module Versioning
	Conclusion
Chapter 5. Terraform Tips and Tricks: Loops, If-Statements, Deployment, and Gotchas
	Loops
		Loops with the count Parameter
		Loops with for_each Expressions
		Loops with for Expressions
		Loops with the for String Directive
	Conditionals
		Conditionals with the count Parameter
		Conditionals with for_each and for Expressions
		Conditionals with the if String Directive
	Zero-Downtime Deployment
	Terraform Gotchas
		count and for_each Have Limitations
		Zero-Downtime Deployment Has Limitations
		Valid Plans Can Fail
		Refactoring Can Be Tricky
		Eventual Consistency Is Consistent…Eventually
	Conclusion
Chapter 6. Production-Grade Terraform Code
	Why It Takes So Long to Build Production-Grade Infrastructure
	The Production-Grade Infrastructure Checklist
	Production-Grade Infrastructure Modules
		Small Modules
		Composable Modules
		Testable Modules
		Releasable modules
		Beyond Terraform Modules
	Conclusion
Chapter 7. How to Test Terraform Code
	Manual Tests
		Manual Testing Basics
		Cleaning Up After Tests
	Automated Tests
		Unit Tests
		Integration Tests
		End-to-End Tests
		Other Testing Approaches
	Conclusion
Chapter 8. How to Use Terraform as a Team
	Adopting IaC in Your Team
		Convince Your Boss
		Work Incrementally
		Give Your Team the Time to Learn
	A Workflow for Deploying Application Code
		Use Version Control
		Run the Code Locally
		Make Code Changes
		Submit Changes for Review
		Run Automated Tests
		Merge and Release
		Deploy
	A Workflow for Deploying Infrastructure Code
		Use Version Control
		Run the Code Locally
		Make Code Changes
		Submit Changes for Review
		Run Automated Tests
		Merge and Release
		Deploy
	Putting It All Together
	Conclusion
Appendix A. Recommended Reading
	Books
	Blogs
	Talks
	Newsletters
	Online Forums
Index
About the Author
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