Tell Toqaan, A Syrian Village

Contents
I. Introduction
II. Tell Toqaan area
	Geography and topography
	Topography and drainage
	Soil types and distribution
	Climate and seasons
	Vegetation
	Fauna
	Settlements and communications
	Ethnogeography
III. People of Tell Toqaan
	Population and vital statistics
	Physical appearance
	Pathological condition
	Census categories
	Urban or rural origin
	Tribal representation
IV. Language in Tell Toqaan
	Local knowledge of language
	Features of Arabic spoken in Tell Toqaan
V. History of Tell Toqaan
	The villagers' historical concepts
	Shayx MaHmuud and his history
	History of Tell Toqaan
	General historical setting
VI. Land system of Tell Toqaan
	Settlement and lands
	Settlement pattern
	Legal category of lands
	Landholders in Tell Toqaan
	Division of land and the field system
	Subtenures and contracts
VII. Agriculture and gardening
	Agriculture
	Gardening
VIII. Animal husbandry
	Traditional classes of animals
	Property in animals
	Property marks
	Taxes
	Breeding
	Care of animals
	Herding and grazing
	Milk and its processing
	Other animal products
	Poultry
	Bees
IX. Buildings and compounds
	The compound
	Construction types
	Construction procedures
	Organization of labor in house building
	Interiors of dwellings
	Other structures of the family compound
	Other buildings in Tell Toqaan
	Ownership of buildings
X. Household technology and economics
	Food
	Cooking
	Eating
	Bread
	Household work and crafts
	A day in a peasant household
XI. Distribution and commerce
	Noncommercial distribution and exchange
	Commercial distribution
XII. Division of labor
	Landlord-hired hand system
	Tribal Shayx unit
	Peasant system
	Division of labor by sex
	Division of labor by age
	Division of labor by ethnic group
	Division of labor for village as a unit
	Specialists and specialization
XIII. Social structure
	Kinship
	The family
	Lineages
	Marriage
	Kinship terms and usage
	Village organization
	Relations with the state
	Social life and occasions
	Clothing and its social significance
XIV. Ideology and ritual
	Life-cycle ceremonies
	Medicine and magic
	Islam
XV. Conclusion
	Tell Toqaan: the local factors
	Culture patterns in Tell Toqaan
	Tell Toqaan and the urban system
	Nature and direction of cultural change
Appendix
	A. Phonemic symbols used in transcription of Arabic words
	B. List of families and individuals in Tell Toqaan
	C. Land divisions in Tell Toqaan
Bibliography