Telecommunication Circuits and Technology

Bandwidth and CarsonÌs rule......Page 0
1.1 Introduction......Page 12
1.2 The principles of oscillation......Page 13
1.3 The basic structure and requirements of an oscillator......Page 14
1.4 RC oscillators......Page 16
Phase-shift oscillators......Page 17
Wien bridge oscillator......Page 19
The twin-T oscillator......Page 22
The Colpitts oscillator......Page 24
The Hartley oscillator......Page 29
The Clapp oscillator......Page 32
The Armstrong oscillator......Page 34
1.6 Crystal oscillators......Page 35
1.8 Types of crystal oscillator......Page 36
1.9 Oscillator frequency stability......Page 37
1.10 Integrated circuit oscillators......Page 42
1.11 Further problems......Page 44
2.1 Introduction......Page 61
Amplitude modulation......Page 63
Power distribution in an AM wave......Page 65
Amplitude modulation techniques......Page 68
2.3 The balanced modulator/ demodulator......Page 70
2.4 Frequency modulation and demodulation......Page 71
2.5 FM modulators......Page 79
The phase-locked loop demodulator......Page 81
The ratio detector......Page 82
Frequency shift keying......Page 83
Phase shift keying (BPSK)......Page 86
Quadrature phase shift keying......Page 88
2.8 Further problems......Page 90
3.1 Introduction......Page 105
3.2 Passive filters......Page 107
Filter response......Page 108
Cut-off frequency and roll-off rate......Page 109
Filter orders......Page 110
3.4 First-order filters......Page 111
3.5 Design of first-order filters......Page 114
Low-pass second-order filters......Page 116
3.7 Using the transfer function......Page 120
3.8 Using normalized tables......Page 122
3.10 Second-order high-pass filters......Page 123
3.11 Additional problems......Page 129
3.12 Bandpass filters......Page 130
3.14 Switched capacitor filter......Page 134
3.15 Monolithic switched capacitor filter......Page 136
3.16 The notch filter......Page 137
Twin- T network......Page 138
The state variable filter......Page 139
Capacitor selection......Page 142
Signal generator and oscilloscope method......Page 143
The sweep frequency method......Page 146
4.1 Introduction......Page 171
4.2 Tuned circuits......Page 172
4.3 The Q factor......Page 173
4.5 Gain and bandwidth......Page 174
4.6 Effect of loading......Page 176
4.7 Effect of tapping the tuning coil......Page 179
4.9 Tuned primary......Page 183
4.10 Tuned secondary......Page 187
4.11 Double tuning......Page 191
4.12 Crystal and ceramic tuned amplifiers......Page 194
4.13 Integrated tuned amplifiers......Page 198
4.15 Further problems......Page 202
5.1 Introduction......Page 226
5.2 Transistor characteristics and parameters......Page 227
Using transistor characteristics......Page 228
5.3 Transistor bias......Page 230
Voltage divider bias......Page 234
5.4 Small signal voltage amplifiers......Page 236
5.5 The use of the decibel......Page 238
Class A (single-ended) amplifier......Page 239
Class B push-pull (transformer) amplifier......Page 243
Crossover distortion......Page 244
Class B complementary pair push- pull......Page 245
Practical analysis of class B push-pull parameters......Page 246
5.7 Calculating power and efficiency......Page 253
5.8 Integrated circuit power amplifiers......Page 257
LM380......Page 258
TDA2006......Page 259
5.9 Radio frequency power amplifiers......Page 260
5.10 Power amplifier measurements......Page 261
5.11 Further problems......Page 263
6.1 Introduction......Page 284
6.2 Operational considerations......Page 285
Phase detector......Page 286
Amplifier......Page 288
Voltage-controlled oscillator......Page 289
The Bode plot......Page 290
Compensation analysis......Page 292
6.5 Integrated phase-locked loops......Page 299
6.6 Phase-locked loop design using the HCC4046B......Page 302
6.7 Frequency synthesis......Page 305
Prescaling......Page 307
6.8 Further problems......Page 310
7.1 Introduction......Page 337
7.2 Phase delay and propagation velocity......Page 338
7.3 The propagation constant and secondary constants......Page 339
7.4 Transmission line distortion......Page 340
7.5 Wave reflection and the reflection coefficient......Page 341
7.6 Standing wave ratio......Page 343
Transmission modes......Page 345
The rectangular waveguide......Page 346
Cut-off conditions......Page 347
7.8 Microwave passive components......Page 352
The directional coupler......Page 353
Waveguide junctions......Page 354
Cavity resonators......Page 355
Probes......Page 360
Circulators and isolators......Page 362
Microwave tubes......Page 364
Multicavity magnetrons......Page 365
7.10 Further problems......Page 375
A Bessel table and graphs......Page 377
B Analysis of gain off resonance......Page 379
C Circuit analysis for a tuned primary amplifier......Page 381
D Circuit analysis for a tuned secondary......Page 383
E Circuit analysis for double tuning......Page 385
Index......Page 388