Technological Innovation for Connected Cyber Physical Spaces: 14th IFIP WG 5.5/SOCOLNET Doctoral Conference on Computing, Electrical and Industrial Systems, DoCEIS 2023 Caparica, Portugal, July 5–7, 2023 Proceedings

Preface
	Reference
Organization
Contents
Energy Communities
A Critical Review of District Heating and District Cooling Socioeconomic and Environmental Benefits
	1 Introduction
	2 Relationship Between District Energy System and Cyber Physical System
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 “DH Benefits” Literature Analysis
		4.2 DH Benefits Identification and Categorization
		4.3 Categorising Benefits of Using the District Energy System and Cyber Physical System Together
	5 Conclusions and Further Work
	References
A Collaborative Dimension for Renewable Energy Communities
	1 Introduction
	2 Relationship with Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 What Are RECs?
		3.1 What Are the Motivations for RECs?
		3.2 What Are Some Existing Cases of RECs?
		3.3 What Are the Obstacles and Barriers to the Advancement of RECs?
		3.4 What Role Can Collaborative Networks Play to Help Overcome (Some of) These Barriers?
	4 Introduction to Collaborative Renewable Energy Communities
		4.1 Organization of CRECs
		4.2 Governance of CRECs
		4.3 Various Collaborative Mechanisms of CRECs
		4.4 Some Selected Simulation Outcomes in Support of the CREC Concept
		4.5 Limitations
		4.6 Validation of the Model
	5 Potential Use Cases of CRECs
	6 Conclusion
	References
Storage System for Energy Communities
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Energy Community
		1.2 Energy Storage Systems
		1.3 Community Energy Storage Systems
		1.4 Storage Systems for Energy Community Connected with Cyber Physical Spaces
	2 Storage System for Energy Community
		2.1 Energy Community Description
		2.2 Genetic Algorithms Applied to Energy Community Flexibility
	3 Simulation
		3.1 Scenario I – Total Cutoff from Main Grid, Community 1
	4 Conclusions
	References
Renewable Energy Communities in Africa: A Case Study of Five Selected Countries
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Related Work
	2 Contribution to Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Governmental Policies
		4.2 Organization
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Smart Energy and Power Systems
Optimal Load Shedding for Smart Power Grid Resilience Enhancement Considering Cyber-Physical Constraints
	1 Introduction
	2 The Mutual Influence of Cyber and Physical Networks
	3 Mathematical Formulation
	4 Solution Methodology
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Superconducting Saturable Core Reactor as Variable Inductance for Controlling the Power Flow in a Transmission Line
	1 Introduction
	2 Contribution to Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Superconducting Saturable Core Reactor
		3.1 Two-Core Model of an SCR-HTS
		3.2 Other Models
	4 Power Flow in Transmission Line
		4.1 Electrical Grid Model
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 First Scenario
		5.2 Second Scenario
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
An Overview of the Functions of Smart Grids Associated with Virtual Power Plants Including Cybersecurity Measures
	1 Introduction
	2 Relationship with Technological Innovation for Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 Functions of Smart Grids
		3.1 Inertia Support Capability
		3.2 Power Quality and Stability
		3.3 Voltage Stability and Transient Frequency Analysis
		3.4 Reactive Power Compensation, Frequency Support and Grid-Forming Capability
		3.5 Fast Frequency Support
		3.6 Active and Reactive Power Control
	4 Cybersecurity Measures in Grids
		4.1 A Basic Example of Determining Cyber Attack in a Micro-grid
	5 Conclusion
	References
Intelligent Manufacturing
A Bio-inspired and Altruistic-Based Framework to Support Collaborative Healing in a Smart Manufacturing Shop-Floor
	1 Introduction
	2 Relation to Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Altruism in Vampire Bats: A Biologicalisation Concept
	4 Framework to Support Altruistic Collaborative Healing
		4.1 Definition of Agents’ Roles
		4.2 Definition of Main Components
		4.3 Execution: Activity Diagram
	5 Experimental Use Case: Distributed Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing for Autonomous Mobile Robots
		5.1 Simulation, Results, and Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Reconfigurable Framework for Data Extraction Using Interoperable Brokers in Manufacturing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Framework
	4 Demonstration Scenarios
		4.1 Master-Client Tool
		4.2 Demonstration Scenario: CPS Example
		4.3 Demonstration Scenario: Deployment and Load Tests
	5 Conclusion
	References
Synthetic Data Generation on Dynamic Industrial Environment for Object Detection, Tracking, and Segmentation CNNs
	1 Introduction
	2 Relation to Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Related Literature
	4 Method
		4.1 Software Tools
		4.2 Data Generation Pipeline
	5 Experimental Results and Analysis
		5.1 Faster R-CNN
		5.2 Mask R-CNN
		5.3 Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Health and Biomedical Information Systems
Cleaning ECG with Deep Learning: A Denoiser Based on Gated Recurrent Units
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work: Deep Learning for ECG Denoising
	3 Contribution to Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	4 Methods
		4.1 Databases
		4.2 The Creation of Our Dataset
		4.3 The GRU-Based Denoiser
		4.4 Metrics
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Exploring Kolmogorov Complexity Approximations for Data Analysis: Insights and Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Kolmogorov Complexity, Algorithmic Information Theory, and Applications
	3 Genomic Sequence Analysis Using Kolmogorov Complexity Approximations
		3.1 Methodology
		3.2 Viral Complexity Landscape
		3.3 Classification Performance and Impact of Normalized Compression
		3.4 Insights
	4 2D Data Analysis Using Kolmogorov Complexity Approximations
		4.1 Comparison of Complexity Measures
		4.2 Applications of Complexity Measures in Artistic Paintings
		4.3 Revealing Relationships Between Artists Using Complexity Measures
		4.4 Improving Classifications Methodologies with Regional Complexity and HDC Function
		4.5 Summary
	5 Evolving Probabilistic Complexity in Turing Machines
		5.1 Analyzing Probabilistic Complexity in TM Tapes
		5.2 Complexity Profiles
		5.3 Increasing Probabilistic Complexity
		5.4 Potential Applications and Implications
		5.5 Approximating the Inverse Problem in Turing Machines
		5.6 Comparing Search Strategies
		5.7 Challenges and Limitations
		5.8 Conclusions and Future Work
	6 Relationship to Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	References
Clinical Data Integration Strategies for Multicenter Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 Contribution to Technological Innovation for Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 Secondary Use of Clinical Data
		3.1 Electronic Health Records
		3.2 Clinical Notes
	4 Semi-automatic Translation of Data Sources into a Common Schema
		4.1 Methodology for Cohort Harmonization
		4.2 Proposed Tools
	5 From Unstructured Text to Ontology-Based Registers
		5.1 Extract and Harmonize Drug Mentions
		5.2 Multi-language Concept Normalization
	6 Scalable Database Profiling for Multicenter Studies
		6.1 Framework for Profiling Databases
		6.2 Exploring Distributed Patient-Level Databases
	7 Results and Discussion
	8 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Support Operation and Maintenance of Power Wheelchairs with Digital Twins: The IoT and Cloud-Based Data Exchange
	1 Introduction
	2 Contribution for Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Proposed IoT and Cloud-Based Data Exchange
		3.1 Power Wheelchair Experimental Prototype and Digital Image
		3.2 Data Exchange and Data Storage
		3.3 Outcome
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions and Further Work
	References
Intelligent Computational Systems
Preliminary Verification of Liveness in a Control Part of Cyber-Physical Systems Modeled by a Petri Net
	1 Introduction
	2 Technological Innovation for Connected Cyber-Physical Spaces
	3 Main Definitions, Notations, and Reduction Techniques
	4 The Idea of the Proposed Technique
	5 Results of Experiments
	6 Conclusions
	References
QiBERT - Classifying Online Conversations
	1 Introduction
	2 Contribution to Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 Related Work
	4 Data Gathering
	5 Annotation
	6 Proposed Method
		6.1 Feature Extraction
		6.2 Training and Predictions
	7 Experiments and Results
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Supply Chain Quality Improvement Based on Customer Compliance
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Contribution to Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
		1.2 SCOR Concept
		1.3 Problem Description
	2 Main Idea of Research and Used Methods
		2.1 SCOR Database Development
	3 Validation of Customer Feedback Mechanism
		3.1 Case Study from Garment and Electronics Industries
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Monte Carlo Simulation Applicable for Predictive Algorithm Analysis in Aerospace
	1 Introduction
	2 Relationship to Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 Methods
		3.1 The Algorithm Overview
		3.2 The Input Parameters
		3.3 Sensitivity Analysis
		3.4 Monte Carlo Simulation
		3.5 Method of Gradient Descent
	4 Results
		4.1 First Output - Wiring Length
		4.2 Second Output – Number of Components
		4.3 Third Output – Protective Textile Sheaths
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Electronics and Communications
A Load Balancing Mechanism for 3D Network-on-Chip with Partially Vertically Connected Links
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Load-Balancing Algorithm
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Performance Evaluation
		4.2 Thermal Model
		4.3 Area and Power Evaluation
	5 Conclusions
	References
Enhancing Dynamism of IoT Service Composition
	1 Introduction
	2 Contribution to Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 IoT Service Composition Taxonomy
		3.1 Function Criteria
		3.2 Conception Criteria
		3.3 Coordination Criteria
	4 Dynamic Compositional Traits
		4.1 Key Features
	5 Discussion and Implications
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Systematic Design Methodology for Optimization of Voltage Comparators in CMOS Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Connected Cyber Physical Spaces
	3 Operation and Key Parameters
		3.1 Comparison Time
		3.2 Offset Voltage
		3.3 Power Dissipation
		3.4 Trade-Offs Between Performance Parameters
	4 Testbench Setup
		4.1 Comparison Time
		4.2 Offset
		4.3 Power Dissipation
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Trans-Boolean Cyber Physical Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Signals and Symbols in Cyber Physical Systems
		2.1 Signals in Cyber Physical Systems
		2.2 Symbols in Cyber Physical Systems
		2.3 Trans-Boolean Functions in Cyber Physical Systems
	3 The Interplay Between Signals and Symbols
	4 Trans-Boolean Computations
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Author Index