Syntax and Semantics of Prepositions (Text, Speech and Language Technology)

Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Acknowledgments......Page 15
1. The class of prepositions......Page 16
2. About the syntax of prepositions......Page 17
3. Polysemy and sense restrictions......Page 25
4. Representing the semantics of prepositions......Page 27
6. Overview of the book structure......Page 35
References......Page 38
1. Introduction......Page 41
2. Facts......Page 42
3. Two possible analyses......Page 45
4. External evidence for Analysis 2......Page 46
5. Core linguistic arguments for Analysis 2......Page 47
6. Conclusion: consequences of the analysis......Page 50
Acknowledgments......Page 54
References......Page 55
1. Some definitions......Page 57
2. Corpus data......Page 58
3. The general formative principle......Page 59
5. The A\'s: a more complicated origin......Page 61
6. Simplex and compound prepositions: a classification......Page 62
8. Cognitive schemata of grammaticalising prepositions: an alternative categorisation......Page 63
10. Language Typology......Page 66
11. Conclusion......Page 68
References......Page 69
1. Introduction......Page 71
2. A monkey, a parrot and a banana......Page 72
3. Lexical variation and single syntax......Page 76
4. Conclusion......Page 80
References......Page 81
5: Multilingual of inventory interpretations for postpositions and prepositions......Page 83
1. Previous work......Page 84
2. Method to obtain the inventory and the multilingual table......Page 86
3. Case study with the Basque instrumental postposition......Page 88
5. Remaining problems......Page 91
6. Conclusions and future work......Page 93
References......Page 95
1. Introduction......Page 97
2. German prepositions......Page 98
3. Conclusions......Page 107
References......Page 108
Appendix: Prepositions......Page 110
Appendix: Pronominal Adverbs......Page 112
Appendix: Reciprocal Pronouns......Page 113
1. Introduction......Page 114
2. Modes......Page 115
3. One Word — Three Meanings......Page 117
4. Selection......Page 119
5. Significance for Interpretation......Page 121
6. Predicting Selectional Properties......Page 123
7. Mode Heads: Evidence from Mari......Page 125
References......Page 126
1. Introduction......Page 128
3. VPCs and Dictionaries......Page 131
4. VPCs and Corpora......Page 134
5. VPCs in the Web......Page 135
6. Conclusions......Page 140
References......Page 141
1. Introduction......Page 144
2. The Data......Page 145
3. Previous Accounts in HPSG......Page 149
4. Indirect Prepositional Arguments: The Analysis......Page 150
5. Conclusion......Page 155
References......Page 156
1. Introduction......Page 159
2. Syntactic properties......Page 162
3. Proposed HPSG analysis......Page 166
4. Concluding remarks......Page 171
References......Page 173
1. Introduction......Page 175
2. The Syntax of Determinerless PPs......Page 177
3. The Semantics of Determinerless PPs......Page 181
4. Analysis......Page 184
5. Conclusion......Page 188
References......Page 189
12: Combinatorial Aspects of Collocational Prepositional Phrases......Page 192
1. Syntactic Aspects......Page 193
2. Semantic Aspects......Page 196
3. Irregular Combinations......Page 201
4. Summary......Page 204
Acknowledgments......Page 205
References......Page 206
1. Introduction......Page 208
2. Calculating inter-preposition similarity......Page 210
3. Gold standard sources of inter-preposition similarity......Page 211
4. Evaluation......Page 214
5. Related research......Page 217
Acknowledgments......Page 218
References......Page 219
14: A Computational Model of the Referential Semantics of Projective Prepositions......Page 222
2. The Challenges......Page 223
3. Previous Computational Work......Page 226
4. The LIVE Model......Page 227
References......Page 237
1. Introduction......Page 240
2. Formal ontologies......Page 242
3. The relation between lexicon and ontology......Page 243
4. Formal meaning ascription......Page 245
5. Generative ontologies with feature structures......Page 246
6. Ontological affinities and generative ontologies......Page 247
7. Compositional ontological semantics for nominals......Page 248
8. Prepositions and semantic roles in Danish......Page 249
9. Identifying paraphrases......Page 252
10. Conclusion......Page 253
References......Page 254
16: Analysis and Interpretation of the Japanese Postposition no......Page 256
1. Introduction......Page 257
2. Syntactic Analysis of No......Page 258
3. Semantic Analysis of No......Page 259
4. Framework of Context-Dependent Interpretation — SDRT......Page 260
5. Case Study......Page 261
6. Discussion......Page 267
7. Conclusion......Page 269
References......Page 270
1. Aim and methodology......Page 273
2. Analysis of avec-instrument and avec-manner......Page 275
3. The model: properties and constraints......Page 284
4. A model for avec-instrument and manner......Page 289
5. Conclusion......Page 293
References......Page 296
1. An analysis of the primitive notion of instrumentality and its lexicalizations......Page 298
2. Analysing the notion of instrumentality via its lexicalizations......Page 300
3. The logical model......Page 304
4. LCS representation of preposition senses and instances......Page 307
5. Conclusion......Page 311
References......Page 313
1. Introduction......Page 315
2. Preposition use in Question Answering : the WEBCOOP system......Page 317
3. Semantic Representation and Interpretation of Localization Prepositions in WEBCOOP......Page 319
4. Reasoning with Localization Prepositions......Page 325
5. Generating Prepositions and PPs......Page 331
6. Conclusion......Page 336
References......Page 337
L......Page 339
V......Page 340