Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide

Cover
Copyright Page
Dedication
Acknowledgments
Table of Contents
Introduction
	Learning Swift
	Why Swift?
	What About Objective-C?
	Prerequisites
	How This Book Is Organized
	How to Use This Book
	Challenges and For the More Curious
	Typographical Conventions
	Necessary Hardware and Software
	Before You Begin
Part I. Getting Started
	Chapter 1  Getting Started
		Getting Started with Xcode
		Playing in a Playground
		Running Your Code
		Troubleshooting Playgrounds
		Varying Variables and Printing to the Console
		Adding Comments
		You Are on Your Way!
		Bronze Challenge
	Chapter 2  Types, Constants, and Variables
		Types
		Constants vs Variables
		String Interpolation
		Bronze Challenge
Part II. The Basics
	Chapter 3  Conditionals
		if/else
		Ternary Operator
		Nested ifs
		else if
		Bronze Challenge
	Chapter 4  Numbers
		Integers
		Creating Integer Instances
		Operations on Integers
			Integer division
			Operator shorthand
			Overflow operators
		Converting Between Integer Types
		Floating-Point Numbers
		Ranges of Numbers
		Bronze Challenge
		For the More Curious: Numeric Literals
	Chapter 5  Switch
		Switch Syntax
			Ranges
			Value binding
			where clauses
		Tuples and Pattern Matching
		switch vs if/else
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
	Chapter 6  Loops
		for-in Loops
			where
		while Loops
		repeat-while Loops
		Control Transfer Statements in Loops
		Silver Challenge
	Chapter 7  Strings
		Working with Strings
			Characters
		Unicode
			Unicode scalars
			Canonical equivalence
				Counting elements
				Indices and ranges
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		For the More Curious: Substrings
		For the More Curious: Multiline Strings
Part III. Collections and Functions
	Chapter 8  Arrays
		Creating an Array
		Accessing and Modifying Arrays
		Combining Arrays
		Array Equality
		Immutable Arrays
		Documentation
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
	Chapter 9  Optionals
		Optional Types
		Optional Binding
		Implicitly Unwrapped Optionals
		Optional Chaining
		Modifying an Optional in Place
		The Nil Coalescing Operator
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
	Chapter 10  Dictionaries
		Creating a Dictionary
		Accessing and Modifying Values
		Adding and Removing Values
		Looping over a Dictionary
		Immutable Dictionaries
		Translating a Dictionary to an Array
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
	Chapter 11  Sets
		What Is a Set?
		Getting a Set
		Working with Sets
			Unions
			Intersections
			Disjoint
		Moving Between Types
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
	Chapter 12  Functions
		A Basic Function
		Function Parameters
			Parameter names
			Default parameter values
			In-out parameters
		Returning from a Function
		Nested Function Definitions and Scope
		Multiple Returns
		Optional Return Types
		Exiting Early from a Function
		Function Types
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		For the More Curious: Void
		For the More Curious: Variadic Parameters
	Chapter 13  Closures
		Closure Syntax
		Closure Expression Syntax
		Functions as Arguments
		Closures Capture Their Enclosing Scope
		Functional Programming
		Higher-Order Functions
			map(_:)
			filter(_:)
			reduce(_:_:)
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Functions as Return Types
Part IV. Enumerations, Structures, and Classes
	Chapter 14  Enumerations
		Basic Enumerations
		Enumerations with Raw Values
		Methods
		Associated Values
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		For the More Curious: Recursive Enumerations
	Chapter 15  Structs and Classes
		A New Project
		Structures
		Instance Methods
			Mutating methods
		Classes
			A Monster class
			Inheritance
				A Zombie subclass
				Preventing overriding
				The zombie problem
				Polymorphism and type casting
		Looking Ahead: What Is the Real Difference?
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		For the More Curious: Type Methods
	Chapter 16  Properties
		Basic Stored Properties
		Nested Types
		Lazy Stored Properties
		Computed Properties
			A getter and a setter
		Property Observers
		Type Properties
		Access Control
			Controlling getter and setter visibility
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Key Paths
	Chapter 17  Initialization
		Initializer Syntax
		Struct Initialization
			Default initializers for structs
			Custom initializers for structs
				Initializer delegation
		Class Initialization
			Default initializers for classes
			Initialization and class inheritance
				Automatic initializer inheritance
				Designated initializers for classes
				Convenience initializers for classes
			Required initializers for classes
			Deinitialization
		Failable Initializers
			A failable Town initializer
		Initialization Going Forward
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Initializer Parameters
	Chapter 18  Value vs Reference Types
		Value Semantics
		Reference Semantics
		Constant Value and Reference Types
		Using Value and Reference Types Together
		Copying
		Equality vs Identity
		What Should I Use?
		For the More Curious: Copy on Write
Part V. Advanced Swift
	Chapter 19  Protocols
		Formatting a Table of Data
		Protocols
		Protocol Conformance
		Protocol Inheritance
		Protocols as Types
		Protocol Composition
		Mutating Methods
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Electrum Challenge
		Gold Challenge
	Chapter 20  Extensions
		Extending an Existing Type
		Extending Your Own Type
			Using extensions to add protocol conformance
			Adding an initializer with an extension
			Nested types and extensions
			Extensions with methods
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
	Chapter 21  Generics
		Generic Data Structures
		Generic Functions and Methods
		Type Constraints
		Associated Types
		Type Constraints in where Clauses
		Generic Composition and Opaque Types
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Understanding Optionals
	Chapter 22  Protocol Extensions
		Modeling Exercise
		Extending Exercise
		Self Types and Type Values
		Protocol Extension where Clauses
		Default Implementations with Protocol Extensions
		Implementation Conflicts
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Polymorphism and Protocol-Oriented Programming
	Chapter 23  Error Handling
		Classes of Errors
		Lexing an Input String
		Catching Errors
		Parsing the Token Array
		Handling Errors by Sticking Your Head in the Sand
		Swift Error-Handling Philosophy
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: Storing Failable Results for Later
	Chapter 24  Memory Management and ARC
		Memory Allocation
		Strong Reference Cycles
		Breaking Strong Reference Cycles with weak
		Reference Cycles with Closures
		Escaping and Non-Escaping Closures
		Tin Challenge
		Bronze Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		For the More Curious: A Bit of History
		For the More Curious: Do I Have the Only Reference?
	Chapter 25  Equatable, Comparable, and Hashable
		Equatable
			Infix operators
			Buy one method, get another free!
		Comparable
			Protocol inheritance
		Hashable
			Custom hashing
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
		Platinum Challenge
		For the More Curious: Custom Operators
	Chapter 26  Property Wrappers
		Defining a Property Wrapper
			Additional configuration
		Accessing the Wrapper Itself
		Projecting Related Values
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
Part VI. Writing Applications
	Chapter 27  Command-Line Utilities
		Introduction to the Command Line
		Building the Word Finder
			Loading the words from disk
		Retrieving Command-Line Arguments
		Receiving Input Interactively
		Running Your App from the Command Line
		Parsing Command-Line Arguments with ArgumentParser
			Adding ArgumentParser to your project
			Declaring arguments for ArgumentParser to parse
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
	Chapter 28  iOS and macOS Apps
		Getting Started with TahDoodle
		That is some View
		Displaying Dynamic Data
		Accepting User Input
			Sharing references to value-type data
			Interlude: Troubleshooting with property observers
		Observing Changes to the Store
		Saving and Loading User Data
		Supporting macOS
		Bronze Challenge
		Silver Challenge
		Gold Challenge
Chapter 29  Conclusion
	Where to Go from Here?
	Shameless Plugs
	An Invitation to the Community
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	X
	Z