Sustainable Food Value Chain Development: Perspectives from Developing and Emerging Economies

Foreword by Dr. K. V. Raman
Foreword by David Cahill
Foreword by B. K. Sikka
Preface
Acknowledgments
Disclaimer
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Abbreviations
Introduction
	1 Background
	2 Sustainable Food Value Chains
	3 Conclusion and the Way Forward
	References
Sustainable Food Systems and Circular Economy: Tackling Resource Use, Efficiency, Food Loss and Waste Problems
Challenges and Prospects of Tackling Food Loss and Wastes in the Circular Economy Context
	1 Introduction
	2 Waste and Loss at the “On-Farm” Level and Possible Drives
	3 Fruits and Vegetable Wastes and By-Products Management—Innovations and Opportunities
		3.1 Valorization of FVW
		3.2 Innovations and Opportunities to Manage FVW
		3.3 Food Industrial Wastes as a Raw Material to Produce Bioplastics
		3.4 Food Industrial Wastes as Food and Feed
	4 Conclusions and Outlook
	References
Climate Change and Agroecosystems in the Hill and Mountain Regions of Northeast India
	1 Introduction
	2 Agroecosystems in NE India
		2.1 Jhum Cultivation
		2.2 Apatani Wet Rice Cultivation (Rice + Fish System)
		2.3 Terraced Agroecosystem
	3 Climate Risk to Agriculture in Northeast India
		3.1 Erratic Rainfall Pattern
		3.2 Droughts
		3.3 Floods
		3.4 Temperature
	4 Impact of Climate Change on Agroecosystems
		4.1 Impact on Crop Productivity
		4.2 Impact on Water Resources
		4.3 Impact on Soil
		4.4 Impact on Pests and Diseases
	5 Vulnerability of Agroecosystems to Climate Change
	6 Climate Change and Sustainable Development in the Region
	7 Conclusion
	References
Towards Circular Economy of Food Systems: An Explorative Appraisal of Opportunities in Fish, Seafood Value Chains
	1 Introduction
	2 Production Challenges and Impacts
	3 Circular Economy
	4 Application of Circular Economy Strategies
		4.1 Strategy 1—Maximizing the Use of Renewables and Non-harmful Input
		4.2 Strategy 2—Improving the Efficiency of the Use of Materials, Energy and Water Along All Stages of Production and Consumption Systems
		4.3 Strategy 3—Maximizing the Perpetual Cycling of End-of-Life/Secondary Materials
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Resource Efficiency for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Value Chains in India: The Case of Food Loss and Waste
	1 Food Systems Transformation: Imperatives for Sustainable Development
	2 Sustainability Challenges in Indian Agriculture and Food Value Chains
	3 Towards Sustainable Agriculture and Food Value Chains in India: Opportunities & Challenges Post COVID-19
		3.1 Principles
	4 Case of (Reducing) Food Loss and Waste in India (CRB 2019)
	5 Conclusion
	References
Technology and Innovation for Food Value Chain Development
Agricultural Value Chains in Developing Economies: A Theoretical Framework
	1 Introduction
	2 Value Chain Modelling of Agricultural Products and Its Interrelationship with the Three Fundamental Systems
	3 Global Agriculture and Sustainable Development in Developing Economies
	4 Micro-economic Theory Provides the Initial Framework for Understanding Value Chains
	5 The Emergence of Agricultural Supply Chains
	6 Interventions in the Agricultural Supply Chain
	7 Marketing Theory and How Value Chains Develop
	8 Product Differentiation
	9 Customer Focus
	10 The Impact of Innovation and Technological Change
	11 Value Creation
	12 Regulation and the Business Environment
	13 Characterising Agricultural Value Chains for Developing, Emerging and Developed Economies
	14 Sustainability
	15 Conclusion
	References
Tunnel Farming as an Adaptation Tool Against Climate Change Effect Among Smallholder Farmers in Nepal
	1 Introduction
	2 Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in Nepal
	3 Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers
	4 Adaptation Efforts Against the Effect of Climate Change on Agriculture
	5 Tunnel House Technology
	6 Case Study
		6.1 Study Area
		6.2 Climate Change in the Study Area
		6.3 Data Collection and Analysis
		6.4 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Chickpea Nutritional Status and Value Chain for Sustainable Development
	1 Introduction
	2 A. Nutritional Value of Chickpea
	3 B. Health Benefits Associated with Consumption of Chickpea
	4 Value Chain Development
	5 Challenges for Improving Nutritional Quality of Chickpea
	6 Summary
	References
Towards Responsible Food Consumption
Changing Food Consumption Pattern and Its Implications on Achieving Zero Hunger in India (SDG-2)
	1 Introduction
	2 Nutritional Status of Indian Households
	3 Food Consumption Pattern and its Implications on Nutrition
		3.1 Changing Expenditure Pattern of Indian Households and Nutrients Intake
		3.2 Expenditure Class Wise Consumption Pattern and Nutrients Intake
		3.3 Food Consumption Pattern and Nutrients Intake
		3.4 Dietary Diversity and Nutrients Intake
		3.5 Contribution of the Public Distribution System (PDS) in Supplementing Nutrition
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Impact of Strategic CSR on Small Holder Farmers: A Study of Agri-Input Firms in India
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Objectives and Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Linking Small Farmers to Markets: Markets, Institutions and Trade
Marketing Constraints of Non-timber Forest Products: Evidence from Jharkhand, India
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Data Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents in the Study Region
		3.2 The Existing Market Channel of NTFPs in the Study Region
		3.3 Market Awareness Level Regarding the NTFPs in the Study Region
		3.4 Existing Source of Market Information for NTFPs in the Study Region
		3.5 Constraints Faced by the Respondents in Marketing of NTFPs
		3.6 Respondents’ Suggestions to Eliminate the NTFPs Faced Constraints
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Impact of Marketing Reforms on Farm-Market Linkages
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Need of Reforms and Their Genesis
		1.2 Impact of Reforms Over a Period of Time
		1.3 Need of New Reforms: Suggestions from the Committee on Doubling Farmers’ Income
	2 New Reforms
		2.1 e-NAM
		2.2 “Model Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing, (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2017”
		2.3 Farmer Producer Organizations
	3 Global Experience of Establishing Farm-Market Linkages—Evidence from Other Developing Nations
		3.1 Adhering to Global Quality Standards
		3.2 Adhering to SPS Standards
	4 Successful Cases: Innovations in Agri Marketing
	5 Conclusion and Research Implications
	References
Smallholder Agriculture in Developing and Emerging Economies: The Case of Sri Lanka
	1 Background
	2 Agriculture in Sri Lanka and its Sectors
	3 Agricultural Trade and the Smallholder Farming Sector in Sri Lanka
		3.1 Challenges of Trading Food and Agricultural Products
	4 The Smallholder Agriculture Sector in Sri Lanka
	5 Features and Importance of the Smallholder Sector in Sri Lanka
	6 Constraints in the Smallholder Sector in Sri Lanka
		6.1 Institutional and Policy Constraints
		6.2 Financial Constraints
		6.3 Capacity and Technological Constraints
		6.4 Input and Product Market Constraints
	7 The Role of Smallholder Agriculture in Achieving Food Security and Sustainable Development
		7.1 Food and Food Security
		7.2 Smallholder Farming and Food Security
		7.3 Smallholder Farming and the Food Security Status during covid 19 pandemic
	8 Smallholder Farmer Institutions and their Role in Sustainable Development
		8.1 The Need for Collective Action and Benefits of Smallholder Farmer Institutions
		8.2 Types of Smallholder Farmer Institutions in Sri Lanka
		8.3 Reasons for Poor Success of Smallholder Farmer Institutions
		8.4 Towards Sustainable Smallholder Farmer Institutions
	9 Conclusion
	References
Structure, Performance and Competitiveness in Indian Agricultural Exports
	1 Rationale
	2 Data and Methods
		2.1 Export Performance Index
		2.2 Export Diversification Index
		2.3 Examining Causality
	3 Trends and Composition of Agricultural Trade
		3.1 Agricultural Exports
	4 Export Performance
	5 Export Diversification
		5.1 Commodity Diversification
		5.2 Geographical Diversification
	6 Export-Growth Linkages
	7 Conclusions and Way Forward
	Appendix
	References
Appendix List of Commodities Covered in Agriculture