Sustainability in Natural Resources Management and Land Planning (World Sustainability Series)

Preface
Contents
Introduction
1 Conserving and Restoring Water-Related Ecosystems World-Widely: Have We Met the 2020s the Benchmarks of the Sustainable Development Goal Six?
	1 Introduction
	2 Water Abundance, Distribution and Water Circulations
	3 The Health of and Threats to Water Ecosystems
	4 Water Ecosystems Across the Continents: Current Status
	5 Conserving Water Ecosystems
	6 Restoring Injured Water Ecosystems
	7 Sustainability of Good Water Quality Across the Globe
	References
2 The Contribution of Geographical Information Systems—GIS in Water and Sewage Companies for Water Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Mapping for Diagnoses and Land Use Policies, for Locational Alternatives, and Protection of Water Springs
		3.2 Geospatial Models for Water and Energy Use Efficiency for Pumping and Supplying
		3.3 Water and Sanitation in Informal Settlements
		3.4 Partnerships for Geospatial Information Sharing
	4 Final Considerations
	References
3 Towards Adaptive Water Governance in South America: Lessons from Water Crises in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay
	1 Introduction
	2 Water Governance in Latin America
	3 Lessons from Water Crises in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay
		3.1 Chubut River (Argentina)
		3.2 Piracicaba-Capivari-Jundiaí Rivers (Brazil)
		3.3 Laguna del Sauce Lake (Uruguay)
	4 Challenges Under Uncertainty
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
4 Polycentric Water Governance in the Urban Global South
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Concept of Polycentric Governance: Potentialities and Limits
	3 São Paulo Macrometropolis Water Governance in the Context of Climate Change and Water Crisis
	4 The Challenge of Water Governance in the SPMM—Between Crisis Management, Integrated Long-Term Planning, and Democratic Deliberation
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
5 Land Use Change in Tropical Watersheds: Will It Support Natural Resources Sustainability?
	1 Introduction
	2 Land-Use Change and Natural Resource Degradation
	3 Land-Use Change and Watershed Hydrology
	4 Land Use Change and Water Quality
	5 The Dynamics of the Nutrient and Carbon Cycle in a Watershed
	6 Integrated Watershed Management for Natural Resource Sustainability
	7 Conclusion
	References
6 Soil and Water Conservation Planning Toward Sustainable Management of Upstream Watershed in Indonesia
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Facing Upper Watershed Area in Indonesia
	3 Soil and Water Conservation to Combat Soil Degradation
	4 Development Micro Watershed Model
	5 Participatory Planning of Upper Watershed Management
	6 Collaborative Management to Guarantee Sustainability
	7 Conclusions
	References
7 The Integration of Energy Planning and Urban Planning: A Synergies Analysis of the Achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Case Study: City of São Paulo
		2.2 Design of Scenarios Modeled Through LEAP_SP
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 UEP and the Range of the SDGs
	4 Conclusions
	References
8 Biopesticides and Sustainability in a Land Use Context
	1 Introduction
	2 Pesticides
		2.1 Benefits and Disadvantages of Pesticides
	3 European Union—Strategies and Regulations, a Brief Review
	4 Biopesticides—The Solution?
	5 Recent Works and Future Trends
	6 Final Remarks
	References
9 Barriers to Sustainable Development in Agriculture
	1 Introduction
	2 Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Practices in Agriculture
	3 Methods
	4 Data Analysis and Findings
		4.1 Perceived Semantic Barriers
		4.2 Perceived Regulation Barriers
		4.3 Perceived Individual Barriers
		4.4 Perceived Macro-Systemic Barriers
		4.5 Perceived Capital/Financial Barriers
		4.6 Perceived Administrative/Organisational Barriers
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
10 Sustainability Practices and Motivation for Adopting Organic Pineapple Farming in the Ekumfi District of the Central Region of Ghana
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Organic Farming
		2.2 Sustainability Processes Under Organic Pineapple Farming
		2.3 Farmer’s Motivations for Engaging in Organic Farming
	3 Study Area, Materials and Methods
	4 Results
		4.1 Background of Respondents
		4.2 Motivations to Engage in Organic Farming
		4.3 Sustainability Practices Undertaken by Organic Pineapple Farmers
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
11 The State of Agricultural Land Transformations in Asia: Drivers, Trade-Offs, and Solutions
	1 Introduction
	2 The State of Agricultural Land Transformations in Asia
		2.1 Agricultural Land-Use Change
		2.2 Agricultural Intensification
	3 Drivers of Agricultural Land Use and Intensification
		3.1 Drivers of Land-Use Changes
		3.2 Drivers of Agricultural Intensification
	4 Socio-Economic and Environmental Trade-Offs
	5 Measures for Easing the Pressure on Land
	6 Conclusions
	References
12 Sustainable Land Management Paradigm: Harnessing Technologies for Nutrient and Water Management in the Great Lakes Region of Africa
	1 Introduction
	2 Sustainable Land Management: Definition and Pillars
	3 Land Degradation Impacts and Solutions Relevant in Water and Nutrient Management for Sustainable Land Management
	4 Practices and Technologies for Sustainable Nutrient Management and Soil-Water Conservation
	5 Technologies for Sustainable Nutrient Management
	6 Physical, Biological and Agronomic Technologies for Soil and Water Conservation
	7 Integrating Soil Water and Nutrient Management Technologies
	8 Conclusion
	References
13 Novel Climate Smart Water and Nutrient Conservation Technologies for Optimizing Productivity of Marginal Coarse-Textured Soils
	1 Introduction
	2 Climate Smart Soil Water and Nutrient Conservation Technologies for Rainfed Agriculture
		2.1 Biological Techniques
		2.2 Physical Techniques for Conserving Water and Nutrients Endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa
		2.3 Novel Double-Dug Beds for Coupling Soil Subsurface Water and Nutrient Retention
			2.3.1 Case Study in Uganda
		2.4 Integration of Methods
			2.4.1 Agroforestry
			2.4.2 Integration of Cropping with Livestock and Fisheries
	3 Conclusion
	4 Research Imperatives
	References
14 Rural Land-Use Planning and Livelihood Dynamics in Post-2000 Zimbabwe
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptual Framework
	3 Literature Review
	4 The Impact of the Triple Challenges of Climate Change, Economic Stress and Urbanisation
	5 Rural Development and Practice in Zimbabwe Since 2000
		5.1 Evidence from Gokwe Rural District
		5.2 Evidence from Nkayi Rural District
		5.3 Evidence from Chipinge Rural District
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
15 Identity and Environment: Historical Trajectories of ‘Traditional’ Communities in the Protection of the Brazilian Amazon
	1 Introduction
	2 Unpacking the Language: “Traditional Communities”
	3 Indigenous Peoples of the Amazon
	4 Amazonian Riverine Communities
	5 Quilombolas Communities
	6 Concluding Remarks
	Acknowledgment
	References
16 Understanding and Defining Pathways for Ecosystems Services Decision Making, Sustainability and Livelihoods of Rural Communities of the Mozambique
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 The Case Study Area
		2.2 Data Collection and Survey Design
		2.3 Data Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Characterisation of Respondents
		3.2 Socioeconomic and Well-Being Characterisation of the Communities
		3.3 Ecosystem Services Benefits and Sustainability, Perceptions, and Values
		3.4 Ecosystem Services Perception: Pearson’s Chi-Squared Test Result
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	Appendix
	References
17 Addressing Rural Community’s Risk Perceptions, Vulnerability, and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Mozambique, Africa
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Sampling and Data Collection
		2.3 Data Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Characterisation and Profile of Rural Communities (Respondents)
		3.2 Analysis of Exposure
			3.2.1 Occurrence of Extreme Climate Events
			3.2.2 Forest Cover Change
			3.2.3 Rainfall Variability
			3.2.4 Adaptive Capacity
			3.2.5 Perception of Climate Change and Climate Extremes Events
			3.2.6 Local Adaptation Strategies
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Exposure, Sensitivity, Risks and Perception of Rural Communities on Climate Change and Climate Extreme Events
		4.2 Adaptation Strategies and Implications for Adaptation Planning
	5 Conclusion
	6 Supplementary Information
	References
18 Adaptive Management as a Vehicle to Achieve Sustainability of Boreal Forests: A Historical Review from Fennoscandia to Minnesota
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Forest Management in Sweden and Finland in the Nineteenth Century
		3.2 Twentieth and Twenty First Century: Changing Values and Climate
		3.3 Management of Boreal Forests in Minnesota
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
19 Environmental Issues and Urban Expansion—A Study of the Atibaia River Basin in São Paulo, Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Urbanization and Socio-Environmental Issues
	3 Study Area
	4 Methods
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Final Considerations
	References
20 Prioritizing the Implementation of Walkable Green Spaces: An Analysis Under Climate Change in a Global South Megacity
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Prioritizing Places for Building Walkable Green Spaces
		2.3 Socioeconomic Data
		2.4 Environmental Data
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Elderly Health and Heatwaves in the City of São Paulo
		3.2 Contributions to Urban Planning
	4 Conclusion
	References
21 The Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Biodiversity Conservation in Mozambique
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 National Context
		2.2 Methods and Analyses
	3 Results
		3.1 Characterisation of Respondents, State of Emergency and Actions Taken During the COVID-19 Pandemic
		3.2 Practical Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic
		3.3 Capacities and Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Implications of the COVID 19 Pandemic on Biodiversity Conservation
		4.2 Cooperation and Integrated Planning on Biodiversity Conservation Action
			4.2.1 Perception for Mozambique
				Armed and Military Conflicts (What Role Do They Assume?)
		4.3 Building Strong Partnerships and Foster Institutional Networking: National Approach is the Only Pathways
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
22 Elevation Based Sea-Level Rise Impact Assessment for Sustainable Coastal Natural Resources Management and Coastal Adaptation Planning
	1 Introduction
	2 Pichavaram Coastal Mangrove Region
	3 Methodological Approaches
	4 Land Use and Land Cover
	5 An Assessment on Comparison of DEM Based SLR Impact Analysis
	6 Conclusions
	References
23 Planning for Sustainable Coastlines in the United States in an Era of Climate Change: An Examination of Major Policy Barriers
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Overview of Coastal Development and Climate Change in the US
	4 History of Coastal Development in the US
	5 Coastal Development and Ecosystem Protection: A Dynamic in Conflict
	6 Key National Coastal Climate Change Policies in the United States
		6.1 Insuring and Compensating Against Coastal Damage
		6.2 Incentivizing Coastal Home Ownership
	7 Evolving Policy Needs: Coastal Policy Evolution for the Future
	8 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
Handbook of  Wildlife Fires: Monitoring, Control and Management Under a Changing Climate
24 Droughts and Wildlife Fires Formation Due to Stratosphere-Troposphere Interactions
	1 Introduction
	2 Terms and Definitions
	3 Data and Methods
	4 SSW and Forest Fires in Australia, 2014
	5 SSW and Forest Fires in Siberia, 2019
	6 SSW and Forest Fires in Siberia, 2020
	7 Summary and Discussion
	8 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
25 Wildfires in Paraguay: Environmental and Human Impacts
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods, Objectives, and Organisation
	3 Characterisation of the Region Where Most Wildfires Occur, Its Geography, and Economic and Productive Aspects
	4 Ecosystems Function and Services in the Region
	5 Climate and Scenarios, Extreme Events, and Climate Trends for Paraguay
	6 The Vulnerability of the Agriculture and Livestock Sector to Wildfire
	7 The Adaptive Capacity of the Region
	8 Summary, Planning and Preparation Actions for Adaptation to Reduce Vulnerability to Wildfires in Paraguay
	9 Conclusions
	References
26 Post-fire Regeneration of the Palm Mauritia flexuosa in Vichada, Orinoco Region of Colombia
	1 Introduction
	2 Aims and Objectives
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Post-fire Regeneration Response to Different Burning Categories
	5 Post-fire Sapling Establishment
	6 Field Observations on the Resprouting Capacity of the Species
	7 Problems Posed by Poor Burning Practices
	8 Role of Fire in the Dynamics of Palm Swamps
	9 Policy Inconsistency and Its Role
	10 Fire as a Climate Change Participant
	11 Conclusions
	12 Recommendations
	References
27 Climate Downscaling for Fire Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Downscaling Approaches
		3.1 Dynamical Downscaling
			3.1.1 Approach
			3.1.2 Evaluation and Bias Corrections
		3.2 Statistical Downscaling
			3.2.1 Approach
			3.2.2 Statistical Methods
			3.2.3 Bias Correction
			3.2.4 Extremes
		3.3 Comparisons of Two Approaches
			3.3.1 Strengths and Limitations
			3.3.2 Hybrid Approach
	4 Climate Change Downscaling Tools and Products
		4.1 Dynamical Downscaling
			4.1.1 CORDEX
			4.1.2 NARCCAP
		4.2 Statistical Downscaling
	5 Fire Applications of Climate Downscaling
		5.1 Climate Downscaling Needs for Fire Applications
		5.2 Applications of Dynamically Downscaled Climate
		5.3 Applications of Statistically Downscaled Climate
	6 Concluding Remarks
	Acknowledgments
	References
28 The Monitoring, Control and Management of Wildlife Fires in Zimbabwe Under a Changing Climate: Challenges and Prospects for Doing It Right
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
	3 Literature Review
	4 Monitoring, Control and Management of Wildlife Fires Under a Changing Climate
	5 Environmental Education and the Stewardship Ethic
	6 Research Methodology
	7 Analysis and Results
	8 Monitoring, Control and Management of Wildlife Fires Under a Changing Climate in Zimbabwe
		8.1 Colonial Institutions for Environmental Management
		8.2 Post-Colonial Institutions for Environmental Management: Change with Continuity?
		8.3 Wildlife Zoning in Zimbabwe
		8.4 Case Study: Monitoring, Control and Management of Wildlife Fires Under a Changing Climate in Zimbabwe
	9 Discussion
	10 Conclusion
	11 Recommendations
	References
29 Monitoring Wildfires in Forest and Grassland Related to Sugarcane Burning with Geotechnologies
	1 Introduction
	2 Sugarcane Burning
	3 Using Geotechnologies to Monitor Wildfires in Forest and Grassland Areas Caused by Sugarcane Burning
	4 Materials and Methods
	5 Sugarcane and Wildfires in the Huasteca Potosina
	6 Conclusions
	References
30 Wildfire Risk Mitigation in a Changing Climate
	1 Introduction
	2 Australia’s Rapidly Changing Fire Weather
	3 Forced Escalation of the Fire Danger Index
	4 Impacts of Multiple Stressors on Land and Human Systems
	5 Land Use Planning as Part of an Integrated Disaster Management Strategy
	6 Reducing Risk and Sustaining Resilience Through Effective Risk Governance
	7 Transformative Focus of Climate and Disaster Risk Management as an Enabler to Bushfire Resilience
	8 Conclusion
	References
31 Challenges in Sustainable Land Use Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Future Trends
	3 Conclusions
	References