Structural Timber Design

Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
1.2  The structure of timber......Page 14
1.3.1  Natural defects......Page 16
1.3.2  Chemical defects......Page 17
1.4.2  Hardwoods......Page 18
1.5.1  Moisture content......Page 19
1.5.3  Slope of grain......Page 20
1.6  References......Page 21
2.1  Introduction......Page 22
2.2  Design Philosophy......Page 23
2.3.2  Machine grading......Page 25
2.4  Strength classes......Page 26
2.5.2  Service classes......Page 27
2.5.4  Duration of loading......Page 29
2.5.5  Section size......Page 30
2.5.7  Additional properties......Page 31
2.6  Symbols......Page 32
2.7  References......Page 33
3.2  What is Mathcad?......Page 34
3.2.2  Definitions and variables......Page 35
3.3.4  Working with units......Page 37
3.5  References......Page 38
4.2  Design considerations......Page 39
4.3  Bending stress and prevention of lateral buckling......Page 40
4.3.1  Effective span, L [sub (e)]......Page 41
4.3.3  Depth factor, K [sub (7)]......Page 42
4.3.5  Lateral stability......Page 43
4.3.6  An illustrative example......Page 44
4.4.1  Deflection limits......Page 45
4.4.3  Bending deflection......Page 46
4.5  Bearing stress......Page 47
4.5.1  Length and position of bearings......Page 48
4.6.1  Shear at notched ends......Page 49
4.7  Suspended timber flooring......Page 50
4.8  References......Page 52
Example 4.1......Page 53
Example 4.2......Page 56
Example 4.3......Page 59
Example 4.4......Page 63
5.2.1  Design considerations......Page 69
5.2.2  Slenderness ratio, [lambda]......Page 70
5.2.3  Modification factor for compression members, K [sub (12)]......Page 71
5.2.4  Members subjected to axial compression only (Clause 2.11.5)......Page 73
5.2.5  Members subjected to axial compression and bending (Clause 2.11.6)......Page 74
5.2.6  Design of load-bearing stud walls......Page 75
5.3  Design of tension members (Clause 2.12)......Page 76
5.3.3  Members subjected to axial tension only......Page 77
5.3.4  Combined bending and tensile stresses......Page 78
Example 5.1......Page 79
Example 5.2......Page 82
Example 5.3......Page 86
Example 5.4......Page 88
Example 5.5......Page 92
6.1  Introduction......Page 95
6.3.2  Combined-grade members......Page 97
6.3.3  Permissible stresses for horizontally glued laminated members......Page 99
6.4  Grade stresses for vertically glued laminated beams......Page 100
6.4.1  Permissible stresses for vertically glued laminated members......Page 102
6.6  Curved glued laminated beams......Page 103
6.7  Bibliography......Page 105
Example 6.1......Page 106
Example 6.2......Page 110
Example 6.3......Page 115
Example 6.4......Page 126
Example 6.5......Page 132
7.1  Introduction......Page 136
7.2  Transformed (effective) geometrical properties......Page 137
7.3  Plywood......Page 138
7.4  Design condsiderations......Page 140
7.4.1  Bending......Page 141
7.4.2  Deflection......Page 142
7.4.4  Rolling shear......Page 143
7.4.6  Web-stiffeners......Page 144
Example 7.1......Page 145
Example 7.2......Page 150
8.1  Introduction......Page 156
8.2  Spaced Columns......Page 157
8.3.2  Modes of failure and permissible loads......Page 158
8.3.3  Shear capacity of spacer blocks......Page 160
Example 8.1......Page 161
Example 8.2......Page 165
9.1  Introduction......Page 172
9.2  General design considerations......Page 173
9.3  Joint slip......Page 174
9.4  Effective cross-section......Page 175
9.5  Spacing rules......Page 176
9.6  Multiple shear lateral loads......Page 178
9.7  Nailed joints......Page 179
9.7.2  Pre-drilling......Page 180
9.7.3  Basic single shear lateral loads......Page 182
9.7.4  Axially loaded nails (withdrawal loads)......Page 185
9.7.5  Permissible load for a nailed joint......Page 186
9.8  Screwed joints......Page 188
9.8.1  Basic single shear lateral loads......Page 189
9.8.2  Axially loaded screws (withdrawal loads)......Page 190
9.8.3  Permissible load for a screwed joint......Page 191
9.9  Bolted and dowelled joints......Page 192
9.9.1  Basic single shear lateral loads......Page 193
9.9.2  Permissible load for a bolted or dowelled joint......Page 197
9.10  Moment capacity of dowel-type fastener joints......Page 198
9.11  Connectored joints......Page 201
9.11.1 Toothed-plate connectors......Page 202
9.11.2  Split-ring and shear-plate connectors......Page 204
9.11.3  Metal-plate connectors......Page 206
9.12.1  Durability classification......Page 208
9.13  References......Page 209
Example  9.1......Page 210
Example 9.2......Page 212
Example 9.3......Page 214
Example 9.4......Page 217
Example 9.5......Page 221
Example 9.6......Page 223
Example 9.7......Page 226
Example 9.8......Page 229
10.1  Introduction......Page 232
10.2  Design philosophy......Page 233
10.4  Material properties......Page 234
10.4.1  Design values......Page 236
10.5  Ultimate limit states......Page 237
10.5.1  Bending......Page 238
10.5.2  Shear......Page 240
10.5.3  Compression perpendicular to grain (bearing)......Page 241
10.5.4  Compression or tension parallel to grain......Page 242
10.5.6  Columns subjected to combined bending and axial compression......Page 243
10.5.7  Dowel-type fastener joints......Page 244
10.6.1  Deflections......Page 252
10.6.2  Vibrations......Page 253
10.6.2  Joint slip......Page 254
Example 10.1......Page 255
Example 10.2......Page 261
Example 10.3......Page 264
Appendix A: Section Sizes for Softwood Timber......Page 270
Appendix B: Weights of Building Materials......Page 272
Appendix C: Related British Standards for Timber Engineering......Page 273
D......Page 276
L......Page 277
Y......Page 278