Strabismus Surgery: A Guide to Advanced Techniques

Preface
Contents
Another Take in Strabismus Surgery: Adjustable Suture Techniques
	1	 Introduction
	2	 History
	3	 Indications
	4	 Patient Selection
	5	 Conventional Technique
		5.1	 Bow Tie
		5.2	 Cinch or Sliding Noose Technique
	6	 Modified Techniques
		6.1	 Short Tag Noose
		6.2	 Guyton’s Technique
		6.3	 Ripcord Technique
	7	 Adjustable in Children
		7.1	 Releasable Adjustable in Children
		7.2	 Scleral Pass Adjustable Sutures
	8	 Adjustable Superior Oblique Procedures
		8.1	 Adjustable Harada-Ito
		8.2	 Adjustable Superior Oblique Tendon Advancement
	9	 Semiadjustable Sutures
	10	 Timing of Adjustment
	11	 Conclusions
	References
Anterior Ciliary Vessel Sparing Procedure in Strabismus Surgery
	1	 Anatomy and Physiology
	2	 Anterior Segment Ischemia
		2.1	 Incidence
		2.2	 Risk Factors
			2.2.1	 Increasing Age: Elderly Patients
			2.2.2	 Orbital and Ocular Disorder
			2.2.3	 Prior Ocular Surgery
			2.2.4	 Proposed Surgery
		2.3	 Sign and Symptom
		2.4	 Classification of Anterior Segment Ischemia
		2.5	 Treatment
		2.6	 Prevention of ASI
			2.6.1	 Strategies to Prevent Anterior Segment Ischemia
	3	 Anterior Ciliary Vessel Sparing Surgery
		3.1	 Surgical Technique
			3.1.1	 Incision
			3.1.2	 Rectus Muscle Isolation
			3.1.3	 Preserving the Vessels (Fig. 3a, b)
		3.2	 Completing the Rectus Muscle Procedure
	References
Recent Advances in Inferior Oblique Strabismus Surgeries
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Brief History
	3	 Recent Advances in Surgical Technique
		3.1	 Anterior and Nasal Transposition Surgery
			3.1.1	 Principle
			3.1.2	 Indications
			3.1.3	 Technique
			3.1.4	 Complications
		3.2	 Orbital Wall Fixation of Inferior Oblique
		3.3	 Muscle Belly Transposition
		3.4	 Adjustable Inferior Oblique Surgery
		3.5	 Inferior Oblique Nasal Myectomy
	References
Superior Oblique Split Lengthening (SOSL) Surgery
	1	 Other Surgeries for Superior Oblique Weakening
	2	 Surgical Technique
	3	 Advantages
	References
Lateral Rectus Transposition in Third Nerve Palsy
	1	Introduction
	2	 Technique
	3	 Mechanism
	4	 Efficacy
	5	 Considerations
	References
Periosteal Fixation for Exotropic Duane Retraction Syndrome
	1	 Introduction
	References
Superior Rectus Transposition
	1	 Technique (Fig. 1)
	2	 Efficacy
	3	 Adverse Events
	4	 Mechanism of Action and Why No Torsion?
	5	 Summary
	References
Loop Myopexy for Strabismus Fixus
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Etiopathogenesis
	3	 Diagnosis
		3.1	 Clinical Presentation
		3.2	 Imaging
	4	 Measuring Angle of Dislocation of the Globe
		4.1	 Differential Diagnosis
		4.2	 Treatment
	5	 Surgical Technique by Yokohama
		5.1	 Technique
		5.2	 Characteristics of the Operated Eyes
		5.3	 Presentation
		5.4	 Surgical Outcomes
	6	 Other Surgical Techniques
		6.1	 Yamada’s Technique
		6.2	 Loop Myopexy with Transposition
		6.3	 Modifications of Loop Myopexy Surgery
		6.4	 Shenoy et al.
		6.5	 Wong et al.
	7	 Selection of a Surgical Procedure Based on Degrees of Strabismus
	8	 Conclusion
	References
Plications and Miniplications for Small Angle Strabismus
	1	 Plications
	2	 Miniplications
	3	 Surgical Technique
		3.1	 Miniplication
		3.2	 Muscle Plication
	4	 Advantages and Indications
	References
Globe Fixation in Complete Third Nerve Palsy
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Techniques for Medial Globe Fixation in Third Nerve Palsy
		2.1	 Globe Fixation with Silicon Band
		2.2	 Globe Fixation with Silicon Tube
		2.3	 Globe Fixation with Autologous Fascia Lata
		2.4	 Globe Fixation with Superior Oblique Tendon
		2.5	 Periosteal Flaps as Globe Tethers
		2.6	 Other Materials as Tether in Globe Fixation
	3	 Titanium Plate and Suture as a Platform for Globe Alignment
	4	 Globe Fixation with Non-absorbable Suture
	5	 Preferred Technique of the Authors
	6	 Procedure
		6.1	 Deactivation of LR
	7	 Globe Fixation at Nasal Periosteum
	8	 Conclusion
	References
True Muscle Transplantation for Very Large Angle Esotropia Strabismus
	1	 Surgical Technique (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6)
	2	 How Does It Work?
	3	 Why Transplantation?
	4	 Advantages
	References
Adjustable Faden: A Unique Strabismus Surgery
	1	 Indications
	2	 Measurements of Recession and Resection
	3	 Surgical Technique
	References