Step by Step Quality Hospital Care

1. Quality in health care ............................................................... 1
•  Structure 2
•  Process 2
•  Outcome 3
2. Total quality management ...................................................... 6
•  Evidence of quality problems 6
•  Quality assurance approach 9
•  Total quality management 11
3. Tools of quality management ............................................... 23
•  Technical tools 23
•  Nominal group technique 34
•  Clinical guidelines 37
4. Indicator in quality improvement ........................................ 40
5. Hospital accreditation ............................................................ 46
•  Models of accreditation 46
•  Patient-centered standards 48
•  Health care organization management
standards 53
•  Accreditation of health services in India 56
•  National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and
Health Care providers 57
6. Rights of the patients ............................................................. 63
7. Quality in laboratories............................................................ 67
•  Quality assurance activities 68
•  Safety in laboratories 70
8. Marketing and quality............................................................ 73
•  Marketing 73
•  Branding 73
•  Quality matters 74
9. Evaluation ............................................................................... 76
•  Evaluation design 77
10. Developing practices for safety............................................ 82
•  Risk management 83
11. Health care fiancing.............................................................. 94
•  Health care 94
•  Reimbursement 97
•  Slowing growth of health care costs 100
12. Private–public partnerships in health care ......................104
•  Private partner selection and obligations of the
partners 106
•  Quality of services 107
13. Indian public health standards for district hospitals   ....109
•  Grading of district hospitals 110
•  Essential services 111
•  Diagnostic services 114
14. Important legislations ..........................................................118
•  The Right to Information Act (15th June 2005) 118
•  The Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation
and Prevention of Misuse) Act, 1994 (Amended
2003) 120
•  Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994
(Amended 2003) 122
•  Biomedical Waste Management and Handling Rules
1998 (Amended 2003) 125
•  MTP Act 1971 and MTP (Amendment) Act
2002 129
•  The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 with the Drugs,
Cosmetics Act 1995 and the Drugs and Cosmetics
Rules, 1945 (as amended in 2006) 130
•  The Consumer Protection Act 1986 (Amended
2002) 131
•  Disaster Management Act 132
xvi Quality hospital care
15. Hospital architecture ............................................................135
•  Patient focused hospitals 136
•  Hospital design and safety 137
•  Design for adaptability 139
•  Security concerns 140
•  Green building 141
•  Seismic design 142
16. Hospital infection control measures .................................146
•  Infection control committee 147
•  Surveillance for hospital
associated infections 149
•  Isolation practices 155
•  Disinfection 158
17. Digital hospital ......................................................................162
•  Benefis of digitalization 164
•  How secure is digital hospital? 169
18. Making most of manpower .................................................171
•  Job performance 172
•  Observation 172
•  Interview 172
•  Critical incident 172
•  Questionnaires 172
19. Managing organizations......................................................183
•  Leadership skills 183
•  Leadership styles 183
•  Delegation 183
•  Management by objectives 184
•  Unionization 185
•  Management of change 186
•  Typology of change 189
•  Managing the environment of change 189
•  Facilitation of change 190
•  Communications about change 191
•  Stress management 191
•  Decision-making 192
Contents xvii
20. Violence in hospitals.............................................................196
•  Risk factors 196
•  Violence prevention program 198
•  Proactive security departments 201
21. Utilization of operation theater..........................................204
•  Utilization analysis 205
•  Scheduling strategy 207
22. Crisis management in hospital ...........................................215
•  Human resources 216
•  Logistics and supplies 216
•  Communication 217
23. Drug utilization......................................................................220
•  Units of measurement for drug utilization 222
•  Prescription register 223
 Index....................................................................................................227