Statistics in Scientific Investigation: Its Basis, Application, and Interpretation

Front Matter....Pages i-xxvi
The Role of Statistics in Scientific Investigations....Pages 1-33
Data: The Factual Information....Pages 34-45
Statistical Models: The Experimenter’s View....Pages 46-59
Comparing Model and Data....Pages 60-72
Probability: A Fundamental Tool of Statistics....Pages 73-99
Some Widely Used Statistical Models....Pages 100-121
Some Important Statistics and Their Sampling Distributions....Pages 122-153
Statistical Analysis: The Statisticians’ View....Pages 154-180
Examining Proportions and Success Rates....Pages 181-198
Model and Data Checking....Pages 199-226
Questions About the “Average” Value....Pages 227-241
Comparing Two Groups, Treatments or Processes....Pages 242-296
Observational Studies, Surveys and Designed Experiments....Pages 297-331
Comparing More Than Two Treatments or Groups....Pages 332-370
Comparing Mean Response When There Are Three or More Treatments....Pages 371-445
Comparing Patterns of Response: Frequency Tables....Pages 446-474
Studying Association and Correlation....Pages 475-508
Prediction and Estimation: The Role of Explanatory Variables....Pages 509-567
Questions About Variability....Pages 568-588
Cause and Effect: Statistical Perspectives....Pages 589-595
Studying Changes in Response Over Time....Pages 596-612
Computers and Statistics....Pages 613-621
Back Matter....Pages 622-667