State Participation in International Treaty Regimes

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
List of Tables......Page 10
List of Abbreviations......Page 12
Preface......Page 16
1 Conceptualizing State Participation and Resistance with Multilateral Treaty Regimes......Page 20
Analytical Case Studies......Page 24
Domestic Politics and Treaty Participation......Page 25
Realist International Relations Theory and Interstate Cooperation......Page 33
Multilateralism as a Loose System of Global Governance......Page 38
Foreign Policy Behavior of the Democracies......Page 40
Integrating Domestic and International Politics......Page 42
Evolution of Multilateral Treaties......Page 48
Participation in Treaties......Page 52
Why States Join Treaties......Page 55
Consent with Treaties and State Participation......Page 57
Participation in Treaties and Levels of Consent......Page 58
Resistance to Participation in Treaties......Page 61
Domestic Political Structure as a Source of Participation and Resistance......Page 63
Identifying Domestic Social Norms......Page 66
Cross-National Analysis of Treaty Ratification......Page 67
Global Environmental Treaties......Page 69
3 State Participation in Multilateral Environmental and Security Regimes......Page 72
Multilateral Treaties......Page 73
Data on Domestic Polities......Page 74
Multilateral Environmental Treaty Regimes......Page 77
Choice of MEAs for Treaty Participation Analysis......Page 81
State Participation in Multilateral Environmental Treaties......Page 82
Assessing Participation in Multilateral Environmental Treaties......Page 88
Controlling the Spread of WMD through Multilateral Treaties......Page 90
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime......Page 92
Other Types of Arms Control Agreements......Page 95
WMD Capable States and Arms Control Regimes......Page 106
Participation in Multilateral Arms Control Agreements......Page 109
4 State Participation in Multilateral Human Rights Regimes......Page 116
United Nations Human Rights Treaty System......Page 118
State Participation in Human Rights Conventions......Page 120
Civil and Political Liberties and Economic and Social Rights......Page 124
Optional Protocol to the ICCPR......Page 125
Women’s Rights......Page 127
Torture Convention......Page 129
Death Penalty......Page 131
Anti-Discrimination Convention......Page 133
Rights of the Child......Page 136
Genocide Convention......Page 137
War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity......Page 138
Protection of Refugees......Page 141
Statelessness......Page 142
Conventions to Abolish Slavery, Servitude, and Trafficking......Page 144
Rights of Migrant Workers......Page 147
Participation in Human Rights Conventions—A Summary......Page 149
Monitoring Treaty Implementation......Page 155
5 The Case of the United States......Page 162
Origins of Rights Discourse in America......Page 164
Bill of Rights and the Rights Discourse......Page 166
Development of Rights Under the United States Constitution......Page 168
United States and International Law......Page 171
United States versus International Treaties......Page 177
Federalism, State Rights, and Multilateral Treaties......Page 184
American Civil Rights as Human Rights: The Kennedy–Johnson Era......Page 193
Nixon, Kissinger, Realpolitik, and American Foreign Policy......Page 197
Rhetoric and Reality of Human Rights and US Foreign Policy......Page 200
Dictatorships, Double Standards, and Human Rights......Page 202
United States and the Genocide Convention......Page 204
Reasons for Opposition—Genocide Convention......Page 206
Assessing Opposition to the Genocide Convention......Page 212
United States and CEDAW......Page 214
Reasons for US Opposition to CEDAW......Page 216
Proposed US Reservations, Understandings, and Declarations for CEDAW......Page 220
United States Participation in CEDAW—An Assessment......Page 221
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court......Page 223
United States and the International Criminal Court......Page 225
United States Participation in International Human Rights Regimes......Page 228
6 The Case of China......Page 232
Notions of Law and Order in Imperial China: Confucianism and Legalism......Page 235
Individual Rights in the Chinese Legal Tradition......Page 236
Legal Codes of Imperial China: Legalized Confucianism......Page 238
Imperial China, Western Powers, and International Law: The Manchu Period......Page 241
Legal Reforms: The Republican and the Nationalist Eras......Page 244
People’s Republic of China: Rule by Man Over Rule by Law......Page 246
The Concept of Individual Rights in Revolutionary China......Page 249
Communist China and International Law......Page 251
Economic Reform and China’s Participation in Human Rights Conventions......Page 253
Human Rights and Rule of Law: International Pressure Linkages......Page 258
Saving Face and Cultural Sensitivity to Foreign Criticism......Page 259
Political Order and Human Rights in Post-Revolutionary China......Page 262
Reforms and Social Stability—Strike Hard Campaigns and the Death Penalty......Page 265
Arrest, Arbitrary Detention, and Suppression of Dissent......Page 271
Torture, Ill-Treatment, and Coercive Extraction of Confessions......Page 273
Repression and Control of Religious Activities......Page 277
Conclusion......Page 279
7 State Resistance and Participation in Treaty Regimes: A Macro-Assessment......Page 284
Bibliography......Page 296
Index......Page 334