Spon's External Works and Landscape Price Book 2012

Contents......Page 6
Labour rates......Page 12
Prices for suppliers and services......Page 13
Acknowledgements......Page 14
Analysed rates versus subcontractor rates......Page 28
INTRODUCTORY NOTES ON PRICING CALCULATIONS USED IN THIS BOOK......Page 29
Measured works......Page 30
Material, plant and subcontractor resources......Page 31
Labour resource update......Page 32
PART 1: General......Page 38
Notes on the Minor works rates used in this edition......Page 40
Team size......Page 42
Overhead costs......Page 44
Minor works......Page 45
Computation of the Cost of Materials......Page 48
Exemptions......Page 50
material......Page 51
Incidence......Page 52
Exemption from tax......Page 53
Avoidance......Page 54
The Constructed Cost Index......Page 56
Constructed Landscaping (Hard Surfacing and Planting) Cost Index......Page 57
Region Adjustment Factor......Page 58
PART 2: Rates of Wages – Building Industry......Page 60
BUILDING INDUSTRY WAGES......Page 62
DAYWORK RATES......Page 64
PART 3: Approximate Estimating Rates – Major Works......Page 66
COLUMN FORMATS......Page 67
WORKED EXAMPLES USING DATA IN THIS EDITION......Page 69
LABOUR RATES USED IN THIS EDITION......Page 70
COMPUTATION OF MECHANICAL PLANT COSTS......Page 71
SITE SETUP AND SITE ESTABLISHMENT......Page 72
VEGETATION CLEARANCE......Page 74
CLEARANCE OF STRUCTURES......Page 75
CLEARANCE OF FENCING AND GATES......Page 76
GROUNDWORK......Page 77
TRENCHES......Page 78
GRADING AND PREPARATION OF BANKS......Page 80
SOIL REINFORCEMENT......Page 81
RETAINING WALL SYSTEMS......Page 82
REVETMENTS......Page 83
IN SITU CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS......Page 85
IN SITU CONCRETE WALLS......Page 87
BLOCK WALLING......Page 88
BRICK PIERS......Page 90
FACED BLOCK WALLING......Page 92
PRECAST CONCRETE KERBS......Page 93
EDGINGS......Page 94
ROADS......Page 96
CAR PARKS......Page 97
PLAY AREA FOR BALL GAMES......Page 98
INTERLOCKING BLOCK PAVING......Page 99
BRICK PAVING......Page 100
FLAG PAVING TO PEDESTRIAN AREAS......Page 101
NATURAL STONE SLAB PAVING......Page 102
GRANITE SETT PAVING – PEDESTRIAN......Page 103
CONCRETE SETT PAVING......Page 104
SLAB/BRICK PATHS......Page 105
BARK PAVING......Page 107
FOOTPATHS......Page 108
SOFTWOOD DECKS......Page 111
PLAYGROUNDS......Page 112
SPORTSGROUND CONSTRUCTION......Page 113
SURFACE PREPARATION BY HAND......Page 115
SEEDING......Page 117
TURFING......Page 118
HEDGE PLANTING......Page 119
TREE PLANTING......Page 121
SEMI MATURE TREE PLANTING......Page 122
TREE PLANTING WITH MOBILE CRANES......Page 123
SHRUBS, GROUND COVERS AND BULBS......Page 124
BEDDING......Page 125
PLANTING PLANTERS......Page 126
MAINTENANCE OF PLANTED AREAS......Page 127
CHAIN LINK AND WIRE FENCING......Page 129
DEER STOCK RABBIT FENCING......Page 130
SECURITY FENCING......Page 131
STOCK GATE......Page 132
TRIP RAILS......Page 133
BENCHES, SEATS AND BOLLARDS......Page 134
SUBSOIL DRAINAGE – BY MACHINE......Page 135
SUBSOIL DRAINAGE – BY HAND......Page 137
LAND DRAINS......Page 139
GULLIES......Page 140
PIPE LAYING......Page 141
LINEAR DRAINAGE......Page 142
LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION......Page 143
LAKES AND PONDS: FAIRWATER LTD......Page 144
PART 4: Prices for Measured Works – Major Works......Page 146
NEW ITEMS FOR THIS EDITION: A DESIGN......Page 147
C20 DEMOLITION FENCES AND GATES......Page 148
D20 GROUND CLEARANCE BY MACHINE......Page 149
Q25 TIMBER DECKING......Page 150
Q31 HEDGES......Page 152
S15 SWIMMING POOLS......Page 157
A DESIGN COSTS FOR LANDSCAPE WORKS......Page 160
A11 TENDER AND CONTRACT DOCUMENTS......Page 161
A12 THE SITE/EXISTING BUILDINGS......Page 162
A30 EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS: TENDERING/SUBLETTING/SUPPLY......Page 163
A31 EMPLOYERS REQUIREMENTS: PROVISION CONTENT AND USE OF DOCUMENTS......Page 165
A32 EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS: MANAGEMENT OF THE WORKS......Page 166
A34 EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS: SECURITY/SAFETY/PROTECTION......Page 167
A41 CONTRACTOR’S GENERAL COST ITEMS: SITE ACCOMODATION......Page 168
A43 CONTRACTOR’S GENERAL COST ITEMS: MECHANICAL PLANT......Page 169
A44 CONTRACTOR’S GENERAL COST ITEMS: TEMPORARY WORKS......Page 171
B10 PREFABRICATED BUILDINGS/STRUCTURES......Page 172
C20 DEMOLITION......Page 174
C50 REPAIRING/RENOVATING/CONSERVING METAL......Page 177
RETAINING WALLS......Page 179
EMBANKMENTS......Page 183
MACHINE SELECTION: MACHINE SELECTION TABLE......Page 187
SITE PREPARATION AND CLEARANCE......Page 188
EXCAVATING......Page 191
FILLING......Page 193
DISPOSAL......Page 194
GRADING AND SURFACE PREPARATION......Page 197
REINFORCED EARTH......Page 200
CONCRETE MIXES......Page 204
IN SITU CONCRETE......Page 205
PLAIN VERTICAL FORMWORK......Page 208
BAR REINFORCEMENT......Page 209
BRICK/BLOCK WALLING DATA......Page 211
BRICK WALLING......Page 212
BLOCK WALLING......Page 215
BLOCK PIERS......Page 216
DRYSTONE WALLING......Page 217
RECONSTITUTED STONE WALLING......Page 218
COPINGS AND PIER CAPS......Page 220
H52 CAST STONE SLAB CLADDING/FEATURES......Page 221
TANKING AND DAMP-PROOFING......Page 222
LIQUID ASPHALT......Page 223
INTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS......Page 224
EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS......Page 226
WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE OPTIONS......Page 227
LANDSCAPE OPTIONS TO GREEN ROOF SYSTEMS......Page 228
M40 STONE/CONCRETE/QUARRY/CERAMIC TILING/MOSAIC......Page 230
M60 PAINTING/CLEAR FINISHING......Page 231
P30 TRENCHES/PIPEWAYS/PITS FOR BURIED ENGINEERING SERVICES......Page 234
FOUNDATIONS TO KERBS......Page 236
PRECAST CONCRETE KERBS......Page 237
STONE KERBS......Page 239
STONE EDGINGS......Page 240
METAL EDGINGS......Page 243
HARDCORE BASES......Page 245
SURFACE TREATMENTS TO GRANULAR BASES......Page 246
IN SITU CONCRETE PAVINGS......Page 247
EXPANSION JOINTS......Page 248
MACADAM SURFACING......Page 249
RESIN BOUND SURFACING......Page 252
RESIN BONDED SURFACING......Page 253
EXCAVATION OF PATHWAYS......Page 254
GRANULAR PAVINGS......Page 255
WOODCHIP PATHWAYS......Page 256
PATH EDGINGS......Page 257
PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCK PAVINGS......Page 258
SUDS PERMEABLE BLOCK PAVINGS......Page 259
CELLULAR PAVINGS......Page 261
BRICK PAVINGS......Page 262
PRECAST CONCRETE SLAB PAVINGS......Page 265
PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCK PAVINGS......Page 268
PRECAST CONCRETE CYCLE BLOCKS......Page 269
GRASS CONCRETE......Page 270
NATURAL STONE SLAB PAVINGS......Page 271
RECONSTITUTED STONE SLAB PAVINGS......Page 273
COBBLE PAVINGS......Page 274
TIMBER DECKING......Page 275
STEPS......Page 277
SPECIALIZED MORTARS FOR PAVINGS......Page 278
NATURAL SPORTS PITCHES......Page 279
ARTIFICIAL SPORTS PITCHES......Page 280
TENNIS COURTS......Page 281
PLAY SURFACES......Page 282
MARKET PRICES OF SEEDING MATERIALS......Page 283
CULTIVATION AND SOIL PREPARATION......Page 291
SOIL ADDITIVES AND IMPROVEMENTS......Page 294
PREPARATION OF SEEDBEDS......Page 295
SEEDING......Page 297
PREPARATION OF TURF BEDS......Page 299
TURFING......Page 300
MAINTENANCE OF SEEDED/TURFED AREAS......Page 302
MARKET PRICES OF MATERIALS......Page 306
PLANTING PREPARATION......Page 309
TREE PLANTING......Page 315
HEDGE/SHRUB/TOPIARY PLANTING......Page 328
HERBACEOUS/GROUNDCOVER/BULB/BEDDING PLANTING......Page 338
MARKET PRICES OF NATIVE SPECIES......Page 339
TREE/SHRUB PROTECTION......Page 340
OPERATIONS AFTER PLANTING......Page 341
AFTERCARE AS PART OF A LANDSCAPE CONTRACT......Page 343
LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE......Page 345
MARKET PRICES OF LANDSCAPE CHEMICALS AT SUGGESTED APPLICATION RATES......Page 348
LANDSCAPE CHEMICAL APPLICATION......Page 357
GRASS CUTTING......Page 358
GROUNDCARE OPERATIONS......Page 362
SHRUB BED MAINTENANCE......Page 364
BEDDING MAINTENANCE......Page 366
IRRIGATION AND WATERING......Page 367
HEDGE MAINTENANCE......Page 368
TIMBER FENCING......Page 370
TRELLIS......Page 373
STRAINED WIRE FENCING/FIELD FENCING......Page 375
TUBULAR FENCING......Page 378
WELDED MESH FENCING......Page 379
SECURITY FENCING......Page 380
CONCRETE FENCING......Page 381
BALLSTOP FENCING......Page 382
RAILINGS......Page 383
ESTATE FENCING/HORIZONTAL BAR FENCING......Page 384
GATES......Page 385
GUARD RAILS......Page 387
BASES FOR STREET FURNITURE......Page 388
BARRIERS......Page 389
BOLLARDS......Page 390
SEATING......Page 393
SIGNAGE......Page 396
TREE GRILLES/TREE PROTECTION......Page 397
BINS – LITTER/WASTE/DOG WASTE/SALT AND GRIT BINS......Page 398
CYCLE HOLDERS/CYCLE SHELTERS......Page 401
PICNIC TABLES/SUNDRY FURNITURE......Page 402
FLAGPOLES......Page 403
PLANT CONTAINERS......Page 404
PERGOLAS......Page 405
STONES AND BOULDERS......Page 406
PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT......Page 407
SPORTS EQUIPMENT......Page 411
INSPECTION CHAMBERS AND MANHOLES......Page 412
PIPE LAYING......Page 415
GULLIES AND INTERCEPTION TRAPS......Page 419
LINEAR DRAINAGE......Page 421
FIN DRAINS......Page 424
DRAINAGE TO ROOF DECKS AND PLANTERS......Page 425
ACCESS COVERS AND FRAMES......Page 426
SOAKAWAYS......Page 428
LAND DRAINS......Page 431
SPORTS AND AMENITY DRAINAGE......Page 436
CATCHWATER OR FRENCH DRAINS......Page 437
DITCHING......Page 439
RAINWATER HARVESTING......Page 442
IRRIGATION......Page 443
LAKES AND PONDS......Page 446
FOUNTAINS AND WATER FEATURES......Page 451
SWIMMING POOLS......Page 452
CABLES AND SWITCHING......Page 454
MARKET PRICES OF LAMPS......Page 456
BULKHEAD LIGHTING......Page 457
FLOODLIGHTS......Page 458
SPOTLIGHTS......Page 459
RECESSED LIGHTING......Page 460
LIGHTED BOLLARDS......Page 461
STREET AND PRECINCT LIGHTING......Page 462
REPRODUCTION STREET LIGHTING......Page 463
APPROXIMATE ESTIMATES......Page 466
PLANT COSTS......Page 467
EXCAVATION AND FILLING......Page 469
TRENCHES......Page 470
IN SITU CONCRETE......Page 471
BLOCK WALLING......Page 472
KERBS AND EDGINGS......Page 473
INTERLOCKING BLOCK PAVING......Page 474
BRICK PAVING......Page 475
NATURAL STONE/SLAB PAVING......Page 476
SEEDING AND TURFING......Page 478
SHRUB PLANTING......Page 480
BEDDING......Page 482
HEDGE MAINTENANCE......Page 483
LINEAR DRAINAGE......Page 484
GULLIES......Page 485
SOAKAWAYS......Page 486
TRENCHING AND CABLE INSTALLATION......Page 487
INTRODUCTION......Page 492
GARDEN DESIGN......Page 493
A PRELIMINARIES......Page 494
DEMOLISH STRUCTURES......Page 496
DEMOLITION OF FREE-STANDING BUILDINGS......Page 497
DISCONNECTION OF SERVICES......Page 498
RAILWAY SLEEPER WALLS......Page 499
GABIONS......Page 501
MACHINE SELECTION......Page 502
SITE CLEARANCE......Page 503
EXCAVATION......Page 504
FILLING......Page 507
DISPOSAL......Page 508
SURFACE TREATMENTS......Page 509
PLACING OF CONCRETE......Page 511
FABRIC REINFORCEMENT......Page 514
BRICK WALLING......Page 515
BLOCK WALLING......Page 518
BRICK PIERS......Page 519
J30 LIQUID APPLIED TANKING/DAMP-PROOFING......Page 520
WOOD SURFACES......Page 521
MASONRY SURFACES......Page 522
FOUNDATIONS TO KERBS......Page 523
KERBS......Page 524
EDGINGS......Page 525
METAL EDGINGS......Page 527
CHANNELS......Page 529
SURFACE TREATMENTS AND BLINDINGS......Page 530
IN SITU CONCRETE ROADS......Page 531
MACADAM SURFACING......Page 533
PATH PREPARATION......Page 535
EDGINGS TO PATHWAYS......Page 537
GRANULAR PAVINGS......Page 538
BLOCK PAVINGS......Page 540
POLYETHYLENE GRASSBLOCKS......Page 541
EDGINGS TO PAVINGS......Page 542
BLOCK PAVING......Page 543
BRICK PAVING......Page 544
PRECAST CONCRETE SLAB PAVING......Page 546
RECONSTITUTED STONE PAVINGS......Page 548
STONE PAVING......Page 549
TIMBER DECKING......Page 552
PLAY AREAS......Page 553
PREPARATION OF SEEDING AREAS......Page 554
SURFACE APPLICATIONS......Page 556
SEEDING......Page 558
PREPARATION OF TURFING AREAS......Page 559
TURFING......Page 560
MAINTENANCE OF GRASS AREAS......Page 561
CULTIVATION AND SURFACE PREPARATION......Page 564
LANDSCAPE CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS......Page 566
TREE PLANTING......Page 567
SHRUB PLANTING......Page 576
HERBACEOUS/GROUNDCOVER/BULB/AQUATIC PLANTING......Page 578
MAINTENANCE OF PLANTING AREAS......Page 579
GRASS CUTTING......Page 580
CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS......Page 581
GROUNDS MAINTENANCE......Page 582
BEDDING......Page 584
HEDGE CUTTING......Page 585
TIMBER FENCING......Page 587
STRAINED WIRE FENCING......Page 591
RABBIT NETTING......Page 594
TRELLIS......Page 595
CONCRETE FENCING......Page 596
GATES......Page 597
EXCAVATING FOR DRAINAGE SERVICES......Page 599
INSPECTION CHAMBERS......Page 600
PIPES AND FITTINGS......Page 602
GULLIES......Page 603
LINEAR DRAINAGE......Page 605
ACCESS COVERS AND FRAMES......Page 608
EXCAVATION FOR LAND DRAINS......Page 609
BACKFILLING OF TRENCHES......Page 610
V41 EXTERIOR LIGHTS – LOW VOLTAGE......Page 612
V90 ELECTRICAL CABLES......Page 613
V90 EXTERIOR LIGHTING TRANSFORMERS......Page 615
PART 7: Common Arrangement of Work Sections......Page 618
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS’ FEES......Page 620
WORKED EXAMPLES OF PERCENTAGE FEE CALCULATIONS......Page 622
INTRODUCTION......Page 624
Option A – Percentage Addition......Page 625
SECTION 4 – MATERIALS AND GOODS......Page 626
SECTION 6 – INCIDENTAL COSTS, OVERHEADS AND PROFIT......Page 627
Where Using Option A for Labour......Page 628
Where using Option B for Labour......Page 629
PART 10: Tables and Memoranda......Page 632
CONVERSION TABLES......Page 634
GEOMETRY......Page 638
FORMULAE......Page 642
EARTHWORK......Page 643
CONCRETE WORK......Page 649
REINFORCEMENT......Page 654
FORMWORK......Page 656
MASONRY......Page 657
TIMBER......Page 660
ROOFING......Page 665
GLAZING......Page 669
METAL......Page 670
KERBS, PAVING, ETC.......Page 688
SEEDING/TURFING AND PLANTING......Page 695
FENCING AND GATES......Page 698
DRAINAGE......Page 703
ELECTRICAL SUPPLY/POWER/LIGHTING SYSTEMS......Page 710
RAIL TRACKS......Page 711
FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND MILLIMETRE EQUIVALENTS......Page 714
IMPERIAL STANDARD WIRE GAUGE (SWG)......Page 715
PIPES, WATER, STORAGE, INSULATION......Page 716
Index......Page 726