Special Topics and Particular Occupations, Professions and Sectors (Handbooks of Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment, 4)

Series Preface
Volume Preface
Contents
About the Series Editors
About the Editors
Contributors
Section 1: Furthering the Frontiers of Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Through Special Topics
	1 Ostracism in the Workplace
		1.1 Introduction
		1.2 Conceptualization of Workplace Ostracism
		1.3 Workplace Ostracism in the Context of Workplace Bullying
		1.4 Theoretical Background of Workplace Ostracism
			1.4.1 Consequences of Social Ostracism
		1.5 Antecedents of Workplace Ostracism
		1.6 Consequences of Workplace Ostracism
		1.7 Towards Prevention and Intervention
		1.8 Future Research
		1.9 Conclusion
		1.10 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	2 Physical Intimidation and Bullying in the Workplace
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Defining Physical Intimidation and Bullying at Work
		2.3 Understanding Nuances of Physical Intimidation and Bullying at Work
			2.3.1 Types of Workplace Violence
			2.3.2 Prevalence
			2.3.3 Predictors
			2.3.4 Consequences
		2.4 Summary and Directions for Future Research
		2.5 Cross-References
		2.6 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	3 Strategic Silencing: A Political Perspective on the Workplace Bully-Bystander Relationship
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Workplace Bullying
		3.3 Bullies
		3.4 Bystanders
		3.5 Political Will as Motivation Behind Bystander Intervention
		3.6 Political Skill as Enablement in the Workplace Bullying Context
			3.6.1 Political Skill
			3.6.2 Politically Skilled Bystanders
			3.6.3 Politically Skilled Bullies
		3.7 Strategic Silencing
			3.7.1 Reputation Management
			3.7.2 Ostracism
		3.8 Considerations
		3.9 Conclusion
		3.10 Cross-References
		3.11 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	4 Whistleblowing and Bullying at Work: The Role of Leaders
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 The Context of Leaders in the Whistleblowing-Bullying Interface
		4.3 Available Research on Leaders and Whistleblowing
		4.4 The Organizational, Emotional and Cultural Context of Leaders
		4.5 Whistleblowing and Retaliation at Work
		4.6 The Link Between Whistleblowing and Bullying at Work
		4.7 After the Whistle Is Blown
		4.8 Leaders in the Whistleblowing-Bullying Interface Informed by Clinical Work with Actual Whistleblowers
		4.9 Perspectives for Research and Practice
		4.10 Conclusion
		4.11 Cross-References
		4.12 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	5 Abuse from Organizational Outsiders: Customer Aggression and Incivility
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Customer Mistreatment and Workplace Bullying
		5.3 Review of Antecedents, Consequences and Intervening Variables
			5.3.1 Antecedents of Customer Aggression
				5.3.1.1 Anger
				5.3.1.2 Wish to Retaliate
				5.3.1.3 Sense of Entitlement
				5.3.1.4 Power Differentials
				5.3.1.5 Job-Related Characteristics
				5.3.1.6 Physical Conditions
			5.3.2 Consequences of Customer Mistreatment
				5.3.2.1 Distress
				5.3.2.2 Emotional Labour
				5.3.2.3 Reduced Performance
				5.3.2.4 Effect on Other Customers
			5.3.3 Mediating and Moderating Variables
				5.3.3.1 Employee Personality
				5.3.3.2 Distress
				5.3.3.3 Support
				5.3.3.4 Employee Expectations
			5.3.4 Customer Mistreatment Compared to Other Sources of Workplace Abuse
		5.4 Organizational Support and Interventions
		5.5 Future Research Directions
		5.6 Conclusion
		5.7 Cross-References
		5.8 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	6 Dark Behaviours and Shadowy Places: Bullying, Abuse and Harassment as Linked to Hidden Organizations
		6.1 Describing and Defining Hidden Organizations
		6.2 Abuse, Bullying, Harassment and the ``Hidden´´
		6.3 Secret Societies
		6.4 New Religious Movements and Cults
		6.5 Hidden Hate Groups
		6.6 Criminal Organizations
		6.7 Terrorist and Counterterrorist Organizations
		6.8 Dirty Work Organizations
		6.9 Other Hidden Organizations
		6.10 Conclusion
		6.11 Endnote
		6.12 Cross-References
		6.13 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	7 Media Portrayals of Workplace Bullying
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Media and Violence
		7.3 Theoretical Perspectives
		7.4 Media Depictions of Workplace Bullying
		7.5 Workplace Bullying Depictions in the News
			7.5.1 Headlines
			7.5.2 Corporate Protection
			7.5.3 Trauma
			7.5.4 Suicide
		7.6 Workplace Bullying Portrayals in Social Media
		7.7 Workplace Bullying Portrayals in Television and Films
			7.7.1 Television
			7.7.2 Hollywood Films
		7.8 Opportunities for Change
		7.9 Directions for Future Research
		7.10 Summary
		7.11 Cross-References
		7.12 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
Section 2: Nuances of Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Vis-à-Vis Particular Occupations, Professions and Sec...
	8 Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment in Schools
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Overview of Research on Workplace Bullying in Schools
			8.2.1 Research Methods
				8.2.1.1 Bullying Among Adults in Schools
				8.2.1.2 Bullying Between Adults and Learners in Schools
			8.2.2 Research Focus
				8.2.2.1 The Bullying of Teachers by Their Colleagues
				8.2.2.2 The Bullying of Teachers by Their Principals
				8.2.2.3 Learner-on-Teacher Bullying
				8.2.2.4 The Bullying of Learners by Their Teachers
			8.2.3 Research Theory
		8.3 A Multitude of Victims and Perpetrators
		8.4 Bullying Behaviour in Schools: Different Work Relations, Different Behaviours?
			8.4.1 Workplace Bullying Among Adults in Schools
			8.4.2 Abusive Teacher-Learner Interaction
		8.5 The Antecedents of Workplace Bullying in Schools
			8.5.1 The Individuals
				8.5.1.1 Victim Characteristics
				8.5.1.2 Perpetrator Characteristics
			8.5.2 The School as an Organization
		8.6 The Effects of Workplace Bullying in Schools
			8.6.1 Effects on the Teacher
			8.6.2 Organizational Effects
		8.7 How to Address Workplace Bullying in Schools
		8.8 Recommendations for Further Research
		8.9 Conclusion
		8.10 Cross-References
		8.11 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	9 Workplace Bullying, Mobbing and Harassment in Academe: Faculty Experience
		9.1 Why Academe? The Culture and the Environment
			9.1.1 The Culture
			9.1.2 The Environment: Internal and External
		9.2 Defining the Literature Domain
		9.3 Prevalence of Academic Bullying and Mobbing
			9.3.1 Samples: Who Is Asking and Who Is Asked?
			9.3.2 Measurement: How the Question Is Asked
			9.3.3 Determining Prevalence
			9.3.4 Duration of Exposure
			9.3.5 In Sum
		9.4 Academe vs Other Sectors
		9.5 Impact of Academic Bullying
			9.5.1 In Sum
		9.6 Responding to Academic Bullying
			9.6.1 Target Responding
			9.6.2 Witness Responding
			9.6.3 Institutional Responding
			9.6.4 In Sum
		9.7 Relational Nature of Academic Bullying
			9.7.1 Relative Power
			9.7.2 The Actors
			9.7.3 In Sum
		9.8 Cultural Nature of Academic Bullying
			9.8.1 National Culture
			9.8.2 Disciplinary Culture
			9.8.3 Institutional Culture
			9.8.4 In Sum
		9.9 Behaviour Does Not Speak for Itself: Contextualizing Study and Practice
			9.9.1 Research Implications
			9.9.2 Measurement: What Is Asked Matters
			9.9.3 Practice Implications
		9.10 Conclusion
			9.10.1 One Last Comment: Faculty as Participant-Observers
		9.11 Cross-References
		9.12 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	10 Social Work and Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence of Workplace Bullying and Emotional Aggression
		10.3 The Shape of Workplace Bullying in Social Work
			10.3.1 Experiences of Frontline Workers
			10.3.2 Experiences of Social Work Managers
			10.3.3 Organizational Factors
			10.3.4 Experiences of Bystanders
			10.3.5 Discrimination and Workplace Bullying
		10.4 Impacts of Workplace Bullying in Social Work
			10.4.1 Impacts on Emotional and Physical Health
			10.4.2 Intentions to Leave and Burnout
			10.4.3 Impact on Professional Identity, Meaning Making and Developing Resilience
		10.5 Theories in Relation to Causes
			10.5.1 Discrimination, Ideology and Learned Behaviours
			10.5.2 Hierarchical Power Structures and Power Dynamics
			10.5.3 Workplace Stress and the Neoliberalization of Social Work
		10.6 Interventions: From the Personal to the Political
			10.6.1 Personalized Approaches to Dealing with Workplace Bullying or Impacts of Workplace Bullying
			10.6.2 Confronting the Unethical Nature of Workplace Bullying
			10.6.3 Collective Processes and Organizational/Depersonalized Bullying
		10.7 Recommendations for Future Research
		10.8 Conclusion
		10.9 Cross-References
		10.10 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	11 Workplace Bullying in the Nursing Profession
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Definitional Issues
		11.3 Description of Workplace Bullying Experienced by Nurses
			11.3.1 Prevalence
				11.3.1.1 Characteristics of Targets
				11.3.1.2 Characteristics of Perpetrators
			11.3.2 Types of Behaviours
				11.3.2.1 Consequences of Workplace Bullying
		11.4 Contributing Factors to Workplace Bullying Among Nurses
		11.5 Responses to Workplace Bullying in the Nursing Profession
		11.6 Conclusion
		11.7 Cross-References
		11.8 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	12 Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment in Fire Departments: The Case of the US Fire Service
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 A Typical Day for a Firefighter
		12.3 Public Expectations of Firefighters
		12.4 Culture of Uniformity
			12.4.1 Cohesion
		12.5 Precipitating Factors to Bullying in the Fire Station
			12.5.1 Changing Missions
		12.6 Changing Demographics of the US Career Fire Service
			12.6.1 Discrimination
			12.6.2 Hazing
		12.7 Effect on People and the Organization
			12.7.1 Academic Studies on Bullying and Harassment in the Fire Station
			12.7.2 Perception Is in the Eye of the Beholder
		12.8 Prevention and Intervention-Building a Strong Future
			12.8.1 Addressing Bullying in the US Fire Service
		12.9 Recommendations for Further Research
		12.10 Conclusions
		12.11 Cross-References
		12.12 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	13 Police Occupational Culture and Bullying
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Background
		13.3 Police Occupational Culture
		13.4 Bullying Within a Dysfunctional Culture: An Institutional Disease
		13.5 Canteen Culture and Storytelling
		13.6 Cop Culture
		13.7 Integrity, Whistleblowers and the Blue Code
		13.8 Machismo
		13.9 Definition and Policies
		13.10 Tackling the Police Occupational Culture
		13.11 Conclusion
		13.12 Cross-References
		13.13 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	14 Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment in Corrections
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Corrections as a Workplace: Locating Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Among Staff
			14.2.1 Impact of Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment
			14.2.2 Workplace Harassment in Corrections
			14.2.3 Prevalence of Workplace Bullying Among Corrections Staff
			14.2.4 Workplace Bullying in Correctional Healthcare
			14.2.5 Reporting of Workplace Bullying to HRPs in Corrections
			14.2.6 Impact of Workplace Bullying on Witnesses
		14.3 Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Among Correctional Inmates
			14.3.1 Frequency of Bullying Among Inmates
			14.3.2 Bullying Tactics
			14.3.3 Characteristics of Inmate Bullies
			14.3.4 Characteristics of Bullying Targets
			14.3.5 Attitudes in the Correctional Environment
		14.4 Interventions
			14.4.1 Addressing Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Among Employees
				14.4.1.1 Workplace Bullying Policy
				14.4.1.2 Training to Address Workplace Bullying
				14.4.1.3 Management Response to Workplace Bullying Incidents
				14.4.1.4 Tackling Bullying and Violence from Inmates
			14.4.2 Addressing Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment Among Inmates
			14.4.3 Evidence-Based Interventions in Corrections
		14.5 Future Research
		14.6 Conclusion
		14.7 Cross-References
		14.8 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	15 Workplace Bullying in Military Organizations: Bullying Inc.?
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Military Organizations in the Twenty-First Century
			15.2.1 The Postmodern Military Era
			15.2.2 Women, Ethnic Minorities and LGBTQ People in the Military Then and Now
		15.3 Structural and Cultural Risk Factors for Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Military Organizations
			15.3.1 Misuse of Hierarchical and Bureaucratic Structures
			15.3.2 Socialization Processes and Training Rituals in the Unit
			15.3.3 Predominance of (Hyper-)Masculine Values
		15.4 Prevalence Studies of Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Military Organizations
			15.4.1 Workplace Bullying in National Armies
			15.4.2 Sexual Harassment and Assaults in National Armies
		15.5 Tackling Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Military Organizations
			15.5.1 Empirical Evidence on Reactions to Workplace Bullying
			15.5.2 Recommendations for Prevention and Intervention in National Armies
		15.6 Conclusion and Suggestions for Future Research
		15.7 Cross-References
		15.8 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	16 Bullying in the Legal Profession
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 A Modern Example of the Problem
		16.3 The Personality Type/Educational Background of Those Who Gravitate to Law
		16.4 Legal Training: Sowing the Seeds/Fomenting the Environment for Bullying
		16.5 Mental Illness and Substance Abuse in the Legal Profession: Fueling the Problem
		16.6 The Law Firm Setting: Pockets of Opportunity and Interpersonal Dynamics Ripe for Bullying
			16.6.1 Hierarchical Bullying: Partners/Equity/Non-equity/Associates
			16.6.2 Staff Versus Lawyers
			16.6.3 The Way Billing Works: Rewarding Inefficiency
			16.6.4 Incentives to Get Enough WorkBut Not Too Much
			16.6.5 Incentives to Get the ``Right´´ Work or Mentors
			16.6.6 Being Asked to Put in Extra Time
			16.6.7 Work Product: Assignment, Division and Credit
			16.6.8 Rainmaking
			16.6.9 A Hierarchical System Exists Outside the USA
			16.6.10 Gendered Bullying at Law Firms
			16.6.11 Minorities and Bullying in the Legal Profession
			16.6.12 Nepotism and In-Groups and Out-Groups
			16.6.13 Gaslighting at Law Firms
			16.6.14 Sexual Relationships and Harassment at Law Firms
			16.6.15 Locker Room Environments
			16.6.16 Small Firms: Unique Problems
		16.7 Non-Law-Firm Settings
		16.8 Lack of Civility in the Profession and Measures Taken
		16.9 Suggestions to Help Study and Stem the Problem
		16.10 Conclusion
		16.11 Cross-References
		16.12 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	17 Workplace Bullying and Negative Behaviour in the Hospitality Industry
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 The Structure of the Hospitality Industry
		17.3 The Nature of the Hospitality Industry
		17.4 The Culture of Workplace Bullying in the Hospitality Industry
		17.5 Studies of Workplace Bullying in the Hospitality Industry
			17.5.1 Restaurant Cultures and Chefs
			17.5.2 The Tourism and Travel Industry
		17.6 Measurement of Workplace Bullying in the Hospitality Industry
		17.7 The Work Environment
		17.8 The Targets of Bullying at Work: The Colleagues
		17.9 The Actors of Bullying at Work: The Managers
		17.10 The Actors of Bullying at Work: The Customers
		17.11 The Costs of Workplace Bullying to the Hospitality Industry
		17.12 The Way Forward: Prevention and Interventions
			17.12.1 Policies
			17.12.2 Procedures
			17.12.3 Managers
			17.12.4 Employees
		17.13 Future Research
		17.14 Conclusion
		17.15 Cross-References
		17.16 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	18 Workplace Bullying in the Public Sector
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 The Public Sector
		18.3 WPB in the Public Sector
		18.4 Prevalence of WPB in the Public Sector
		18.5 Risk Factors and Antecedents of WPB in the Public Sector
		18.6 Cultural Variations in WPB in the Public Sector
		18.7 Prevention and Interventions to Manage WPB in the Public Sector
		18.8 Recommendations for Future Research and Action
		18.9 Cross-References
		18.10 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	19 Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment in the Context of Dirty Work
		19.1 Introduction
		19.2 Essential Attributes of Dirty Work
		19.3 Features of Dirty Work and Their Role in Triggering Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment
			19.3.1 Taint
			19.3.2 Marginalized Social Identities
		19.4 Engaging Taint Management Strategies to Address Workplace Bullying, Emotional Abuse and Harassment
		19.5 Conclusion: The Way Ahead
		19.6 Cross-References
		19.7 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
	20 Workplace Bullying in Precarious Employment
		20.1 Introduction
		20.2 Description of Precarious Employment
			20.2.1 Outcomes of Precarious Employment for Employees
		20.3 Workplace Bullying
			20.3.1 General Risk Factors of Bullying Associated with Precarious Employment
				20.3.1.1 Power Dynamics
				20.3.1.2 Organizational Change
				20.3.1.3 Job Insecurity
		20.4 Findings on Precarious Employment and Workplace Bullying
			20.4.1 Job Insecurity and Bullying
			20.4.2 Studies Showing an Increased Risk of Bullying in Precarious Employment
			20.4.3 Studies Showing No Increased Risk of Bullying in Precarious Employment
			20.4.4 Bullying in Sectors with High Proportions of Precarious Employment
				20.4.4.1 Hospitality
				20.4.4.2 Retail and Sales
				20.4.4.3 Public Sector Organizations
				20.4.4.4 Informal Sector
			20.4.5 Bullying and the Characteristics of Employees in Precarious Employment
				20.4.5.1 Women in Precarious Employment
				20.4.5.2 Ethnic Groups and Migrants in Precarious Employment
				20.4.5.3 Young Employees in Precarious Employment
		20.5 Protecting Those in Precarious Employment from Workplace Bullying
			20.5.1 Legal Frameworks and Regulations
			20.5.2 Trade Unions
			20.5.3 Management in Organizations
		20.6 Future Research Directions
		20.7 Conclusion
		20.8 Cross-References
		20.9 Cross-References to Other Volumes
		References
Index