Spatial Economics, Volume II: Applications

Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Part I Development and Cities
	1 Urban Resilience and Spatial Economics
		1.1 The Resilience Concept: Introduction
		1.2 Scale Levels of Resilience
		1.3 Dimensions of Urban Resilience
		1.4 Measurement of Urban Resilience
		1.5 Conclusion
		References
	2 A Balanced Development? The Novel σ – Efficiency of Italian Regions
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 The σ– Analysis as Applied to the Measurement of the Local Economic Development
		2.3 An Application to Italian Regions
		2.4 Concluding Remarks
		A.1 Appendix
		References
Part II Growth
	3 Modelling and Forecasting Regional Growth: The MASST Model
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Regional Growth Theories: The Scientific Debate and the Positioning of the MASST Model
		3.3 Merging Macroeconomic and Territorial Drivers of Regional Growth: The MASST1 Model
		3.4 Strengthening the Role of Industrial Specialization and Intangible Elements in Regional Growth: The MASST2 Model
		3.5 Between Competitiveness and Austerity: The MASST3 Model
		3.6 Reinforcing Territorial Determinants of Regional Growth: The MASST4 Model
		3.7 Conclusions and Future Research Avenues
		References
	4 On the Spatial Determinants of Firm Growth: A Microlevel Analysis of the Italian SMEs
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 The Spatial Determinants of Firm Growth
		4.3 Methodology
			4.3.1 Measures of Spatial Interaction
				4.3.1.1 The Limits of Regional and Aggregate Measures
				4.3.1.2 A Firm-Level Measure of MAR Externalities
				4.3.1.3 A Firm-Level Measure of Jacobs Externalities
			4.3.2 The Model
		4.4 Data
		4.5 Empirical Results
		4.6 Summary and Conclusions
		References
Part III Inequality
	5 Spatial Inequality: A Multidimensional Perspective
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Understanding the Concept of Spatial Inequality
		5.3 Spatial Inequality of Opportunity
			5.3.1 The Basic Setting
			5.3.2 Capturing the Spatial Pattern of Inequality
			5.3.3 Spatial Decomposition by Population Subgroups
			5.3.4 Spatial Decomposition by Income Sources
				5.3.4.1 Measuring the Spatial Variation of Both Income Sources
				5.3.4.2 Measuring the Spatial Variation on L-Source
				5.3.4.3 Measuring the Spatial Variation on K-Source
				5.3.4.4 Capturing No Spatial Variation of Both Sources
				5.3.4.5 Total Marginal Contributions
			5.3.5 Partial Circumstances and Causality
		5.4 Policy Prescriptions on the Spatial Dimension
			5.4.1 Externalities, Mobility, and Inequality
			5.4.2 Welfare Evaluation
			5.4.3 Welfare and Spatial Inequality Measurement
			5.4.4 Capturing the Spatial Dimension of Welfare
		5.5 Concluding Remarks
		References
	6 The Spatial Dimension of Inequality
		6.1 Foreword
		6.2 Measures of Spatial Inequality Based on Decomposition Techniques
			6.2.1 Spatial Inequality and the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
		6.3 Measures of Spatial Inequality Based on Individual Location
		6.4 Spatial Inequality in Europe and Empirical Methods
		6.5 The Causal Relationship Between Spatial Inequality and Economic Activity
		6.6 Concluding Comments
		References
Part IV Transportation and International Trade
	7 Export Activity and Firms' Financial Constraints
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Data
		7.3 Methodology
		7.4 Empirical Specification
			7.4.1 Expansion to New Markets
		7.5 Endogenous Selection of Financial Score
		7.6 Conclusion
		A.1 Appendix
		References
Part V Location and Employment
	8 Geographical Boundaries of External and Internal Agglomeration Economies
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Theoretical Background
			8.2.1 External Agglomeration Economies
			8.2.2 Internal Agglomeration Economies
			8.2.3 Spatial Decay Effect of External and Internal Agglomeration Economies
		8.3 Data and Descriptive Statistics
		8.4 Empirical Strategy and Variables
			8.4.1 The Model
			8.4.2 The Variables
				8.4.2.1 Dependent Variable: Location Choice of New Manufacturing Greenfield Investment
				8.4.2.2 External Agglomeration Economies
				8.4.2.3 Internal Agglomeration Economies
				8.4.2.4 Spatial Lags of External and Internal Agglomeration Economies
		8.5 Econometric Results
		8.6 Conclusions
		References
	9 Unemployment and Trade in Spatial Economics
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Labor Unions
		9.3 Search-Matching Model
			9.3.1 Searching Frictions and Average Productivity
			9.3.2 Wage Inequality and Workers' Ability
			9.3.3 Unemployment in Asymmetric Countries
		9.4 Efficiency Wages
			9.4.1 Fair Wage Preference
			9.4.2 Efficiency Wages and Monitoring
		9.5 Minimum Wage
		9.6 Conclusion
		References
Part VI Marketing
	10 From Geomarketing to Spatial Marketing
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 What Is Geomarketing?
			10.2.1 Why Geomarketing and Spatial Marketing?
			10.2.2 Applications of Spatial Marketing
			10.2.3 Techniques and Software of Geomarketing
		10.3 Spatial Consumer Behavior
			10.3.1 Outdoor Spatial Consumer Behavior
			10.3.2 Models of Outdoor Spatial Consumer Behavior
			10.3.3 In-store Spatial Consumer Behavior
		10.4 Geomarketing Mix
			10.4.1 Geomarketing and Products
			10.4.2 Geo-pricing
			10.4.3 Geo-promotion
		10.5 Geo-retailing and Spatial Strategies
			10.5.1 Store Location Methods
			10.5.2 Store Location Models
			10.5.3 Spatial Strategies
		10.6 Geo-positioning and Smartphone Usages
		10.7 Conclusion
		References
Index