Soil mechanics fundamentals

Content: Machine generated contents note: TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE NOTES FOR STUDENTS AND INSTRUCTORS chapter 1 COMPOSITION AND PARTICLE SIZES OF SOILS 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Composition of soils Soil Formation Soil Types Soil Minerals Surface Forces and Adsorbed Water Soil Fabric 4 Determination of Particle Size Particle Size of Coarse-Grained Soils Particle Size of Fine-Grained Soils 5 Characterization of Soils Based on Particle Size 6 Comparison of Coarse-Grained and Fine-Grained Soils for Engineering Use 7 Summary Exercises chapter 2 PHASE RELATIONSHIPS, PHYSICAL SOIL STATES AND SOIL CLASSIFICATION 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Phase Relationships 4 Physical States and Index Parameters of Fine-Grained Soils 5 Determination of the Liquid, Plastic, and Shrinkage Limits Casagrande Cup Method --
ASTM D 4318 Plastic Limit Test --
ASTM D 4318 Shrinkage Limit --
ASTM D 427 and D 4943 6. Soil Classification Schemes American Society for Testing and Materials and the Unified Soil Classification System (ASTM-CS) AASHTO Soil Classification System Plasticity Chart 7. Engineering Use Chart 8. Summary Practical Examples Exercises chapter 3 SOILS INVESTIGATION 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Purposes of a Soils Investigation 4 Phases of a Soils Investigation 5 Soils Exploration Program Soils Exploration Methods Geophysical methods Destructive methods Soil Identification in the Field Number and Depths of Boreholes Soil Sampling Groundwater Conditions Types of In Situ or Field Tests Vane Shear Test (VST) --
ASTM D 2573 The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) --
ASTM D 1586 The Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) --
ASTM D 5778 Pressuremeter --
ASTM D 4719-87 Types of Laboratory Test Soils Laboratory Tests 6 Soils Report 7 Summary Exercises CHAPTER 4 ONE- AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW OF WATER THROUGH SOILS 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 One-Dimensional Flow of Water Through Saturated Soils 4 Flow of Water Through Unsaturated Soils 5 Empirical Relationships for k 6 Flow Parallel to Soil Layers 7 Flow Normal to Soil Layers 8 Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity 9 Laboratory Determination of the Hydraulic Conductivity Constant-Head Test Falling-Head Test 10 Two-Dimensional Flow of Water Through Soils 11 Flownet Sketching Criteria for Sketching Flownets Flownet for Isotropic Soils 12 Interpretation of Flownet Flow Rate Hydraulic Gradient Critical Hydraulic Gradient Porewater Pressure Distribution Uplift Forces 13 Summary Practical Examples Exercises CHAPTER 5 SOIL COMPACTION 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Benefits of Soil Compaction 4 Theoretical maximum Dry Unit Weight 5 Proctor Compaction Test ASTM 1140 and ASTM 1557 6 Interpretation of Proctor Test Results 7 Field Compaction 8 Compaction Quality Control Sand Cone --
ASTM D 1556 Balloon Test --
ASTM D 2167 Nuclear Density Meter --
ASTM D 2922, ASTM D 5195 Comparison Among the Popular Compaction Quality Control Tests 9 Summary Practical Example Exercises chapter 6 STRESS FROM SURFACE LOADS AND THE PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVE STRESS 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Vertical Stress Increase in Soils from Surface Loads Regular shaped surface loads on a semi-infinite half-space How to use the charts Infinite Loads Vertical stress below arbitrarily shaped area 4 Total and effective stresses Total and effective stresses due to geostatic stress fields Effects of Capillarity Effects of seepage 5 Lateral earth pressure at rest 6 Field monitoring of soil stresses 7 Summary Practical Example Exercises chapter 7 SOIL SETTLEMENT 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Basic concept 4 Settlement of free draining coarse-grained soils 5 Settlement of non-free draining soils 6 The one-dimensional consolidation test Drainage path Instantaneous load Consolidation under a constant load --
primary consolidation Effective stress changes Effects of loading history Effect of soil unit weight or soil density Determination of void ratio at the end of a loading step Determination of compression and recompression indices Determination of the modulus of volume change Determination of the coefficient of consolidation Root time method (square root time method) Log time method Determination of the past maximum vertical effective stress Casagrande\'s method Brazilian method Strain energy method Overconsolidation ratio Determination of the secondary compression index 7 Relationship Between Laboratory and Field Consolidation 8 Calculation of primary consolidation settlement Effects of unloading/reloading of a soil sample taken from the field Primary consolidation settlement of normally consolidated fine-grained soils Primary consolidation settlement of overconsolidated fine-grained soils Procedure to calculate primary consolidation settlement 9 Secondary compression 10 Settlement of thick soil layers 11 One-dimensional consolidation theory 12 Typical values of consolidation settlement parameters and empirical relationships 13 Monitoring soil settlement 14 Summary Practical Example Exercises chapter 8 SOIL STRENGTH 1 Introduction Learning outcomes 2 Definition of key terms 3 Basic concept 4 Typical response of soils to shearing forces Effects of increasing the normal effective stress Effects of overconsolidation ratio and relative density Effects of drainage of excess porewater pressure Effects of cohesion Effects of soil tension and saturation Effects of cementation 5 Three models for interpreting the shear strength of soils Coulomb\'s failure criterion Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion Tresca failure criterion 6 Factors affecting the shear strength parameters 7 Laboratory tests to determine shear strength parameters A simple test to determine the critical state friction angle of clean coarse-grained soils Shear box or direct shear test ASTM D 3080 Conventional triaxial apparatus Direct simple shear 8 Specifying laboratory strength tests 9 Estimating soil parameters from in situ (field) tests Vane Shear Test (VST) --
ASTM D 2573 The Standard Penetration Test (SPT)- ASTM D 1586 Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT)- ASTM D 5778 10 Some empirical and theoretical relationships for shear strength parameters 11 Summary Practical Examples Exercises appendix A DERIVATION OF THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION THEORY Appendix B MOHR CIRCLE FOR FINDING STRESS STATES Appendix C FREQUENTLY USED TABLES OF SOIL PARAMETERS AND CORRELATIONS Appendix D COLLECTION OF EQUATIONS REFERENCES INDEX.