Socratic Moral Psychology

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Socratic Moral Psychology......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Acknowledgments......Page 8
Socratic intellectualism......Page 11
Texts, transliteration, and translations......Page 14
A short history of this project......Page 15
1.1.1 A defense of our strategy......Page 21
1.1.2 A defense, not an apology......Page 22
1.2.1 The identity principle......Page 23
1.2.2 The relevant dialogues assumption......Page 28
1.3.1 First criticism of the General Historical Identity Thesis: contra chronology......Page 29
1.3.2 Second criticism of the General Historical Identity Thesis:anti-historicist criticisms......Page 32
1.4.1 Plato’s dialogues as hermeneutical monads......Page 40
1.4.2 An implausible interpretive requirement......Page 41
1.4.3 Socrates’ calls for consistency......Page 44
1.4.4 Dramatic relations between the dialogues......Page 46
1.5.1 Criticizing a research program......Page 47
1.5.2 Has Socratic studies proven itself as a research program?......Page 49
1.5.3 The inadequacies of criticisms of Socratic studies as a research program......Page 50
1.5.4 Socrates in the history of philosophy......Page 51
2.1.1 Why do we do what we do?......Page 53
2.1.2 Prudentialism......Page 54
2.1.3 Interest as an objective standard......Page 56
2.1.4 The relation of desire to objective interest......Page 57
2.1.5 Socratic eudaimonism......Page 59
2.2.1 A few texts......Page 60
2.2.2 Anger, fear, and shame in the Apology......Page 63
3.1.1 The prudential and moral paradoxes......Page 73
3.1.2 The prudential paradox......Page 74
3.2.1 Choosing bad things......Page 75
3.2.2 What is Meno’s moral psychology?......Page 77
3.3.1 The power of appearance......Page 80
3.3.2 The standard interpretation......Page 82
3.3.3 Types of proximity......Page 85
3.3.4 Nonrational desires and the power of appearance......Page 88
3.4.1 Is knowledge of the good compatible with strong appetites and passions?......Page 91
3.4.2 Does a disciplined soul continue to have strong appetites and passions?......Page 93
3.5 Concluding remarks......Page 96
4.1.1 Damaging one’s soul......Page 99
4.1.2 The moral paradox and damage to the soul......Page 102
4.1.3 Damage to the soul construed as a purely cognitive condition......Page 104
4.1.4 Gerson’s explanation of the damage......Page 107
4.1.5 Different kinds of wrongdoers and wrongdoing......Page 112
4.1.6 Losing our capacity for sober judgment......Page 115
4.2.1 The problem of punishment......Page 118
4.2.2 Curable and incurable souls......Page 121
4.2.3 The Gorgias as a source......Page 122
4.2.4 Punishment, wrong, and harm......Page 124
4.2.5 Punishment and ethical correction......Page 126
4.2.6 Punishment and cure......Page 128
4.2.7 The incurables......Page 134
4.3 Summary and conclusion......Page 140
5.1.1 Installing beliefs, or inculcating the right habits?......Page 142
5.1.2 The traditional view of Socratic intellectualism at work in education......Page 143
5.2.1 The Socratic elenchos as an instrument of education......Page 145
5.2.2 Elenchos as shaming......Page 146
5.2.3 Return to the Gorgias as a source......Page 147
5.3.1 Early education in the Gorgias......Page 152
5.3.2 Early education in the Crito......Page 157
5.4 Summary and conclusion......Page 161
6.1.1 Introduction......Page 163
6.2.1 Some scholarly disagreement......Page 164
6.2.2 Virtue as a power......Page 166
6.2.3 Virtue and accomplishment......Page 169
6.2.4 Virtue and accomplishment in the Euthyphro......Page 170
6.2.5 Dividing the unity: crafts and sub-crafts......Page 174
6.2.6 The Protagoras and the Laches on courage again......Page 175
6.3.1 How many goods are there?......Page 177
6.3.2 Does virtue make things good or does virtue make good things?......Page 182
6.3.3 The primacy of wisdom in the Euthydemus......Page 184
6.3.4 Virtue and productivity in the Apology......Page 186
6.3.5 Making sense of Socrates’ view......Page 189
6.4.1 Socratic virtue intellectualism – the standard view......Page 199
6.4.2 The power of knowledge and order in the soul......Page 200
7.1.1 Contrasting Socratic with Platonic moral psychology......Page 203
7.1.2 Moral psychology in Plato’s Phaedo......Page 205
7.1.3 Moral psychology in Plato’s Republic......Page 209
7.1.4 Moral psychology in Plato’s Phaedrus......Page 220
7.2.1 Differences about the nature of desire......Page 223
7.2.2 Aristotle’s account of motivation – some preliminaries......Page 224
7.2.3 Aristotle on akrasia......Page 231
7.2.4 Concluding remarks......Page 240
7.3.1. Socrates and the Stoics......Page 242
7.3.2 Stoic intellectualism......Page 250
7.4.1 Evaluating the Socratic view......Page 256
A.1.1 Disputes about the place of the Gorgias within Socratic and Platonic Philosophy......Page 258
A.2.2 Does Socrates think that each of the possibilities given in the Apology is equally probable?......Page 260
A.2.3 Consoling the jurors......Page 263
A.2.4 Is Socrates misleading his jurors?......Page 264
A.2.5 Can Socrates believe Something without having proved it?......Page 265
A.2.6 The afterlife in the gorgias compared to the afterlife in later dialogues......Page 266
A.2.7 Back to motivational intellectualism......Page 267
Bibliography......Page 269
Index of passages......Page 278
General index......Page 282