Social-Ecological Systems (SES): From Risks and Insecurity to Viability and Resilience

Preface
Acknowledgements
About the Publishing Institution
Contents
About the Editors
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
List of Figures
List of Tables
Effectiveness of Disaster Risk Governance and Resilience Building: Linkages, Knowledge, Inclusiveness, and Regulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Disaster Risk Governance and Resilience: Key Concepts and Dynamics
	3 DRR, Climate Change and SDGs: Linkages and Governance Implications
	4 Impacts of Knowledge Gap, Uncertainty and Science-Decision Divide
	5 The Role of Disaster Risk Communication in Shaping Stakeholders’ Perceptions, Awareness and Participation
	6 Key Approaches to Disaster Risk Governance for Resilience
		6.1 Ecosystem- and Community-Based Approaches
		6.2 Making Disaster Risk Governance Gender Sensitive
		6.3 Participatory and Multi-stakeholder Approaches: The IASC Cluster Approach
	7 The Role of Laws, Regulations, and Policies
	8 Conclusion
	References
Benefits of Evaluating Ecosystem Services for Implementation of Nature-based Solutions Under the Paris Agreement
	1 Introduction
	2 Emergence and Need of Nature-Based Solutions
	3 Nature-Based Solutions and Market Mechanisms
	4 Evaluation of Ecosystem Services for Implementation of NbS
		4.1 Effectiveness and Quantification of Adaptation and Mitigation Actions
		4.2 Benefits of Monitoring and Evaluation in the Long Run
		4.3 Need for a Universal Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) Framework
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Common Heritage of Humankind (CHH): Visions of Developed Countries vs. Developing Countries
	1 Introduction
	2 CHH and Competing Paradigms
		2.1 CHH: Scope of the Concept According to the Literature
		2.2 CHH in International Law
		2.3 CHH According to Countries Visions
		2.4 The CHH and Intergenerational Equity
		2.5 The United Nations Efforts and the CHH
	3 CHH Norms vs. Practices
		3.1 Developed Countries: Individual Ownership of Property
		3.2 Developing Countries: Common Property
		3.3 CHH Is a Jus Cogens Norm
		3.4 CHH as a Means to Assess and Advance Equity
		3.5 The Future of Humankind
	4 Conclusion
	References
Climate Change Induced Disaster, Gender Conflicts, Risks, and Insecurity in Lower-Gweru Community of Zimbabwe: Towards Capacity Building and Resilience in the Face of Social-Ecological Threats
	1 Background
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Theoretical Framework
		2.2 Empirical Findings on Unequal Impact of Climate Change Disasters on Men and Women
		2.3 The Nexus Between Climate Change Disasters, Gender, Risks, and Insecurities
	3 Methodology
	4 Findings and Discussions
		4.1 Unequal Impact of Climate Change Disasters on Men and Women in Lower Gweru Community
		4.2 Nexus Between Climate Change Disasters, Gender, Risks and Insecurities
		4.3 Response Mechanisms to Foster Resilience Against Climate Change Disasters, Risks, and Insecurities of Men and Women in Lower Gweru
	5 Conclusions
	References
Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems: At the Limits of Hegemonic Masculinity
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework: Raewyn Connell’s Theory of Masculinity
	3 Impacts of Hegemonic Masculinity on Social-Ecological Systems
		3.1 Definition of Key Concepts and Literature Review
		3.2 Hegemonic Masculinity and Ecological Services
		3.3 Hegemonic Masculinity and Carbon/Ecological Footprint
		3.4 Hegemonic Masculinity and Sustainability Interventions
	4 Current Strategies to Manage Hegemonic Masculinity Impacts on Social-Ecological Resilience
	5 ‘Gender-Transformative Paradigm’: A Flagship to Social-Ecological System Viability and Resilience
	6 Conclusion
	References
Gendered Perspective: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in Malawi
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptualizing Climate Change Related Hazards in Relation to Adaptation Response
		2.1 Climate Change Adaptation Strategy
		2.2 Adaptive Capacity as a Factor Influencing the Type of Adaptation Strategy
		2.3 Understanding the Role of Gender in Adaptation Narratives (Gendered Adaptation)
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Case Study: Climate Change Hazards in Malawi and Its Adaptation Profile
		3.2 Method
	4 Results
		4.1 Suggested Conceptual Framework for Analyzing Hazard-Adaptation Nexus/Interrelation
		4.2 Results on Adaptation Strategy Is Gendered
		4.3 Result on the Type of Adaptation Strategy Is Related to the Type of Climatic Shock Among Women
		4.4 Result on How Various Factors Influence the Type of Adaptation Strategy Among Women
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
The Effects of Land Cover Change on Sustainability: Human Security and Environmental Change in Semi-arid Ecosystems
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Site
	3 Research Methods
		3.1 Remotely Sensed Data
		3.2 Socioeconomic Data
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Changes of the First Period from 1984 to 1994
		4.2 Changes in the Second Period from 1994 to 2002
		4.3 Changes in the Third Period from 2002 to 2014
	5 Conclusions
	References
Resilience building Initiatives to Counter Shocks and Stressors Affecting Rural Communities in Chiredzi District, Zimbabwe
	1 Background of the Study
		1.1 Physical Description of Study Area
		1.2 Socio-economic Description of the Study Area
		1.3 Study Area Map
		1.4 Methodology
	2 Results and Discussions
		2.1 Major Shocks and Stressors Affecting Rural Livelihoods of Chiredzi District
		2.2 Contribution of NGOs and Government Departments Operating in Chiredzi District
		2.3 Effectiveness of Resilience Building Initiatives
		2.4 Resilience Building Through Trainings
	3 Conclusion
	4 Recommendations
	References
Chances of Conflict on Account of Large-Scale Influx of Climate Refugees in India
	1 Introduction
	2 Climate Change and Migration
	3 Climate Change Vulnerability of South Asia
		3.1 Maldives at Risk of Submersion
	4 India’s Refugee Problem
		4.1 The Problem of Migration and Public Policies
	5 Possible Solutions to the Problem
	6 Conclusion
	References
Key Knowledge Gaps at the Interface of Chemical Ecology and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Planning: A Public Policy Perspective
	1 Introduction
	2 Discussion
	3 Conclusion
	References
When Environmental Inequalities Lead to Social Inequalities!
	1 Introduction
	2 Environmental Inequalities: Underlying Drivers and Responsibilities
		2.1 Social and Political Aspects of Environmental Inequalities
		2.2 Who Is Responsible for the Environmental Justice?
	3 Links Between Natural Disasters and Environmental Inequalities!
		3.1 Natural Disasters Impacts’ on Humans
		3.2 Mitigation of Environmental Inequalities in Developed and Developing Countries
	4 Conclusion
	References
Approaching Sonic Devices from a Multicriteria Sustainable Approach to Enhance the Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminary Assumptions and Concepts
	3 Into the Pathways of the Research Group
		3.1 Public Health Concerns
		3.2 Defense and Legislation
		3.3 Environmental Values, Bioethics, and Biopolicy
		3.4 Metrology and Regulation
		3.5 Ecodesign, LCA and Human Factors, Biomimicry and Innovation
		3.6 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Product Category Rules and Environmental Product Declaration
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Anatomy of Uncertainty and Implications for Preventive Environmental Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Signals of Promise Emerge from Other Multilateral Initiatives and Additional Industry – Specific Action
	3 Co-evolution of the Uncertainty Contours and Related Response
	4 The Centrality of Science, Political Posturing, and Public Opinion that Influences Industry Action Sustains
	5 Additional Insights Strengthening the Preventive Management Framework
	References
Author Index