Smart Trends in Computing and Communications: Proceedings of SmartCom 2023, Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 650)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Wireless SDN: A Perspective  for Handover Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation
	3 Existing Solutions Along with Their Issues
		3.1 WLAN
		3.2 Cellular Networks
		3.3 Wireless Sensor Networks
		3.4 Hybrid Network
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Sentiment Analysis of Tweets on Twitter
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 The Setup
		3.2 The Data
		3.3 Preprocessing
	4 The Models
		4.1 Statistical Language Models
		4.2 Neural Language Models
		4.3 Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)
	5 Experiment and Result
		5.1 Model result
		5.2 Comparison
	References
A Boosted Random Forest Algorithm for Automated Bug Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Proposed Boosted Random Forest Algorithm
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Secure QR Code Transactions Using Mobile Banking App
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Mobile Banking Applications
		1.2 Cardless Cash Transaction
	2 Design and Implementation of a Model for Secure QR Code Transactions
		2.1 Roles Types Used in the System
		2.2 Access Control Matrix for Different Roles
		2.3 System View at Higher Level—Conceptual Model
		2.4 Technology Harnessed
		2.5 System Requirements
		2.6 Interaction of Customer with the System
		2.7 Interaction of Customer with the System
		2.8 Testing Cashier Role
	3 Conclusion and Scope for Future Work
	References
A Small-Scale Ontology to Represent Knowledge About Question Items
	1 Introduction
	2 Domain Ontology: Background
		2.1 Scope of the Question Ontology
	3 Roles in University Examinations Systems
	4 The Question Item Ontology
		4.1 Types of Question Items Based on Cognitive Skills
		4.2 Associating Question Items with Course Curricula
		4.3 Types of Question Items Based on Responses
		4.4 Assessment Information
		4.5 Authoring and Other Information
	5 Related Work
		5.1 Standardizing Initiatives
		5.2 Design and Deployment Models for Question Banks
		5.3 Procedural Approaches
	6 Conclusion
	References
Deep Learning for Classification of Encrypted Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Work
		3.1 Histogram Analysis
		3.2 Classification of Encrypted Images
	4 Result
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
A Clustering-Based Approach to Feature Selection for Breast-Cancer Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Background Material
		3.1 Genetic Algorithm
		3.2 Clustering
		3.3 Decision Tree Classifier
		3.4 Random Forest Classifier
		3.5 Support Vector Machine Classifier
	4 Proposed Framework
		4.1 First Stage: Data Preparation
		4.2 Second Stage: Genetic Algorithm Optimizer
		4.3 Third Stage: Classification
	5 Experimental Study and Results
		5.1 Dataset
		5.2 Classification Metrics for Performance Evaluation
		5.3 Parameters Settings
		5.4 Experimental Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Knowledge Discovery and Visualization of UMLS Based on Complex Network Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Unified Medical Language System
		3.2 Knowledge Graph
		3.3 Measures and Algorithms
		3.4 Queries
	4 Experimentation and Results
		4.1 Implementation
		4.2 Platform
		4.3 Output
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
An Automatic Early Detection of Melanoma Skin Cancer Using Fuzzy C-Means
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Work
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Fuzzy Set
		4.2 Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm
		4.3 Fuzzy C-Means Classification
		4.4 Membership Function in Feature Extraction
	5 Classification and Regression
		5.1 K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN)
		5.2 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	6 Result Overview
	7 Conclusion
	References
Integrating Hybrid Feature Extraction Techniques with Support Vector Machine for Efficient Facial Emotion Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Tools and Technology Used
		3.1 Local Binary Pattern (LBP)
		3.2 Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM)
		3.3 Gabor Filter
		3.4 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
		3.5 KNN Classifier
		3.6 Decision Tree
		3.7 Logistic Regression
	4 Proposed Methodology
		4.1 Feature Extraction
		4.2 Expression Classification
	5 Time Complexity Analysis and Parameter Settings of the Introduced Algorithm
	6 Results and Discussions
		6.1 Datasets
		6.2 Feature Extraction
	7 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Classification of ISL Using Pose and Object Detection-Based Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Previous Work
	3 Data Collection
		3.1 Pose-Based Classification
		3.2 Object Detection-Based Classification
	4 Model Development
		4.1 Data Preprocessing
		4.2 Train, Test, and Validation Dataset
		4.3 Model Architecture
		4.4 Model Training
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Autonomous Surface Vessels by Fuzzy-Based Collision Avoidance System
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Explainable Artificial Intelligence
	4 Materials and Methods
		4.1 Fuzzy Inference System
		4.2 ANFIS: Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System
		4.3 Methodology
		4.4 ASV Scenario
	5 Rule Base Explanation by ANFIS
	6 Development Tools and Performance Criteria
	7 Results and Discussion
		7.1 ANFIS Model 1: DCPA as Output
		7.2 ANFIS Model 2: TCPA as Output
	8 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Voice-Controlled Home Automation System
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review and Problem Identification
	3 Literature Review
	4 The Problem of Home Automation
	5 Problem Resolved Using Homes Automation
	6 Components Required
	7 Circuit Diagram
	8 Implementation and Working
	9 Future Scope
	10 Result
	11 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Depressive Disorder Detection Based on Sentiment Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Primary Review
	3 AI Techniques
	4 Data Source
	5 Depression Detection
	6 A Survey’s Findings
	7 Conclusion
	References
Efficient Bounding Strategy for CEC 2020 Winner Algorithms in Solving Production Planning Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Algorithm Description and Bounding Strategies
		2.1 Sanitized Teaching Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm (sTLBO)
		2.2 Improved Multi-operator Differential Evolution Algorithm (IMODE)
		2.3 Adaptive Gaining-Sharing Knowledge-Based Algorithm (AGSK)
	3 Effect of Bounding Strategies
	4 Case Studies
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Implementation of Multidimensional Cube for Power Scheme
	1 Introduction
	2 Social Justice Department
	3 Literature Review
	4 PowerScheme—ETL, Cube
		4.1 Data Source View
		4.2 Social Justice Cube
		4.3 Translations
		4.4 Perspective
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Improving Students’ Academic Performance
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Single Image Dehazing Using Haze Veil Analysis and Contrast Stretching
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Haze Veil Calculation
		3.2 Computing Reflectance Image
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Audio Compression Using Quantum Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
		2.1 Quantum Computing
		2.2 Common Quantum Gates
		2.3 Convolution Neural Network
		2.4 Flexible Representation of Quantum Audio [30]
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Encoder
		3.2 Decoder
		3.3 FRQA Retrieval
	4 Implementation Details
		4.1 Dataset Details
	5 Performance Parameters
		5.1 Compression Factor (CF)
		5.2 Normalized Root Square Error
		5.3 Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio
	6 Conclusion
	References
Computer Vision Explainability for Object Detection in Safety Surveillance
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 System Objective
		3.2 System Description
		3.3 System Implementation
		3.4 System Testing
	4 Conclusion
	References
Evolution and Challenges in Seed-Set Selection Techniques for Influence Maximization in Online Social Networks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation
		1.2 Contribution
		1.3 Organization
	2 Background
		2.1 Online Social Network Modelled As a Graph
		2.2 Seed Nodes
		2.3 Diffusion Models
		2.4 Challenges in Reaching an Accurate Strategy for Seed Selection
	3 Related Work
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Directions
	References
Data Platform and Urban Data Services on Private Cloud
	1 Introduction
	2 Technologies Behind the Solutions
		2.1 IoT and Real-time Data Processing
		2.2 Private Versus Public Cloud
		2.3 Ontologies and Data Analysis
		2.4 Sofia Air Pollution Pilot
	3 Cloud-Based Platform of London Metropolitan University
	4 Urban Data Services on Private Cloud
		4.1 Data Sources
		4.2 Hybridization
		4.3 Correlation Analysis
		4.4 Visualization
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
BharatFakeNewsKosh: A Data Repository for Fake News Research in India
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Research Contribution
		1.2 Paper Organization
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Data Annotation
		3.3 Data Structure
	4 Experiment and Results
		4.1 Experiment
		4.2 Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Brain Tumor Detection from Brain MR Images
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Origin of Problem
		1.2 Basic Definition and Background
		1.3 Problem Statement
	2 Summary of Literature Study
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Design Methodology and Architecture Diagram
		3.2 Description of Methods Used
	4 Description of Dataset and Tools Used
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Requirements
	5 Results and Observations
		5.1 Stepwise Description of Results
		5.2 Social Benefits
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Load-Source Side Demagnetization Scheme in Forward Converter for Extended Duty Cycle
	1 Introduction
	2 Description and Operation
	3 Analysis
		3.1 Selection of Inductors
	4 Simulation
	5 Conclusions and Further Scope
	References
Point of Care Device for Measurement of Vital Parameters
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Prototype Phase
		3.2 Product Phase
	4 Discussion and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Inflation Targeting, Monetary Policy: The Way Forward
	1 Introduction
	2 Impact of Repo Rate on Inflation
		2.1 Repo Rate, Inflation, and GDP
		2.2 Mismatch Between Inflation Forecast and Actual Inflation
	3 Taylor Rule as a Template for Policy Determination
	4 Concluding Thoughts
	References
A Framework for Analyzing and Improving Socio-Economic Status of Women SHGs
	1 Introduction
	2 Schemes for Women Empowerment by Government of India
	3 Literature Review
		3.1 International
		3.2 National
	4 Problem Definition
	5 Proposed Framework
	6 Discussion
	References
Development of a Speech to Indian Sign Language Translator
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Experimental Setup and Results
	4 Conclusion
	5 Future Scope
	References
Development of Augmented Reality Book for Preschool Education
	1 Introduction
	2 Tools and Technologies
		2.1 Unity Asset Store
		2.2 Vuforia Software Development Kit
		2.3 Unity Game Development Engine
		2.4 3D Models
		2.5 Scripting with C#
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Image Target
		3.2 3D Model
		3.3 Unity Engine
		3.4 Application Design
		3.5 Build Setting
	4 Final Output
	5 Challenges
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
An Optimized Textual Document Categorization Based on Fast Fourier Transform
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Cosine Similarity
		3.2 Fast Fourier Transform
		3.3 Power Spectrum
	4 Algorithm
	5 Results and Benefits
	6 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Adaptive Control Synchronization of Nosé–Hoover Chaotic System
	1 Introduction
	2 Nose–Hoover Chaotic System
		2.1 Mathematical Representation
	3 Adaptive Controller Design of Nose–Hoover Chaotic System
		3.1 Theoretical Analysis
		3.2 Numerical Results
	4 Adaptive Synchronization
		4.1 Theoretical Analysis
		4.2 Numerical Results
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
UML Design Modeling of Smart Contracts
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Modeling
		3.1 UML Modeling
		3.2 Define Use Cases
		3.3 Define a Domain Model
		3.4 Define Interaction Diagrams
		3.5 Define Design Class Diagram
		3.6 Define Deployment Diagram
	4 Conclusion
	References
Security Aspects in IoT: Challenges and Countermeasures
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Security Challenges in IoT
		3.1 Security Challenges in Perception Layer
		3.2 Security Challenges in Network Layer
		3.3 Security Challenges in Application Layer
	4 Prevention Methods
		4.1 Protecting IoT Devices
		4.2 Four Different Technologies Increase the Level of Security in IoT
		4.3 Secure Hash Algorithm-3(SHA-3) for IoT Applications
	5 Conclusion
	References
Stacked LSTM Model for Shakespeare Style Poem Generation
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Model Used
		3.3 Input Processing
		3.4 Training the Model
		3.5 Generation of Sonnets
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Testing Metrics
		4.2 Sonnet Examples
		4.3 Testing Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Detection of Spam in SMS Using Machine Learning Algorithms
	1 Origin of the Problem
	2 Existing Systems
	3 Data Extraction and Pre-processing
	4 Proposed Architect
		4.1 Data Pre-processing
		4.2 Porter Stemmer Algorithim
		4.3 Snowball Stemmer
		4.4 TF-IDF
		4.5 Multinomial Naive Bayes
		4.6 Support Vector Classifier
	5 Proposed Methods
		5.1 Methodology 1
		5.2 Methodology 2
	6 Observations
		6.1 Summary
	7 Conclusion
	References
An Optimal Ordering Policy Varying with Generalized Exponential Increasing Demand, Variable Deterioration and Time-Dependent Holding Cost
	1 Introduction
	2 Notations and Assumptions
		2.1 Notations
		2.2 Assumptions
	3 Mathematical Analysis of the Model
	4 Numerical Examples
	5 Sensitivity Analysis
	6 Conclusions
	References
A Systematic Review: Imbalanced Network Traffic Classification Using Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Network Traffic Classification (NTC)
	2 Literature Review
	3 Review Methodology
		3.1 Development of Review Protocol
		3.2 Sources of Information
		3.3 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
		3.4 Outcomes’ Extraction
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Spatio-Temporal Model for Crime Hotspot Identification and Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 K-Means Clustering
		2.2 Time Series Analysis
		2.3 San Francisco Crime Dataset
		2.4 Proposed Methodology
	3 Implementation
		3.1 Hotspot Identification
		3.2 ARIMA
		3.3 SARIMA
		3.4 LSTM
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Performance Comparison
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design of Sensory Internet of Things (IoT) for Making Sustainable Agriculture Ecosystem: An Experimental Setup and Elaboration
	1 Sustainable Agriculture—Good Practices
	2 Sustainable Agriculture Ecosystem
		2.1 Sustainable Agriculture
	3 Experimental Setup and Elaboration
	4 Drone of Things (DoT) Case Scenario and Innovative Solution for Agriculture Segment
	5 Discussions
	References
Combining Generative Adversarial Networks with Transfer Learning for Deep Learning-Based Pomegranate Plant Leaf Disease Detection
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Need of Augmented Datasets for Deep Learning-Based Algorithms
	2 Related Work
	3 System Architecture and Methodology
		3.1 GAN Architecture
		3.2 Learning and Training of GAN
		3.3 DenseNet Architecture
		3.4 DenseNet Fine-Tuning
	4 Experimental Set-Up and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
IoT Based on Non-invasive Glucometer
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Description of Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Work
	References
Bell-Pepper Leaf Bacterial Spot Detection Using AlexNet and VGG-16
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
	4 Result Analysis
	5 Experiments
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Skin Cancer Detection Using Deep Learning Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
	4 Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sustainability Triangle Framework for Digital Health Systems: A Conceptual Model for Sustainable Health Care
	1 Introduction
	2 Sustainability Targets
		2.1 Economic Sustainability
		2.2 Social Sustainability
		2.3 Environmental Sustainability
	3 The Conceptual Framework
	4 Conclusion
	References
The Auscultation Sound Classification Era of the Future
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Dataset
	4 Proposed Methodology
	5 Conclusion
	6 Future Recommendations
	References
AI-Powered Detection and Prevention Tool to Secure APIs from Malicious Bot Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Methodological Framework
	4 Experimental Setup
		4.1 Data Preprocessing and Feature Extraction
		4.2 Feature Selection Process
		4.3 Algorithms Used to Build the Model
	5 Results
		5.1 Bot Simulation Using REST Assured
	6 Conclusion
		6.1 Limitations
		6.2 Future Works/Further Research
	References
Analysis of Search Based Algorithms for Prediction of Aging Related Bugs
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Background
		3.1 Predictor and Target Variables
		3.2 Experimental Datasets
		3.3 Feature Selection
		3.4 Imbalanced Nature of Datasets
		3.5 Performance Evaluation Metrics
		3.6 Statistical Tests
	4 Research Methodology
		4.1 Search Based Algorithm
		4.2 Algorithms Used
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Streamlit Web Application for Finding Similar Face Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Work
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Feature Extraction
		4.3 Illumination of Images
		4.4 MTCNN Model
		4.5 Similarity Measure
		4.6 Building Streamlit Web Application
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Work
	References
Plant Diseases Detection and Classification Using Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Spectroscopy
	1 Introduction
	2 Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Disease Detection and Classification
	3 A Survey of Deep Learning Models for the Detection and Classification of the Plant Diseases
	4 Plant Diseases Detection Using Spectroscopy-Based Methods
	5 Proposed Method and Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Perspective View of Image and Video Forgery Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Classification of Forgery Techniques
	3 Forgery Detection Techniques for Copy-Move
		3.1 Video Tampering Techniques
	4 Image and Video Forgery Detection Techniques: A Review
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Review on Blockchain Strategies and Its Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope
	3 Blockchain Technology
	4 The Technical Aspect of Blockchain
	5 Types of Blockchain
		5.1 Public Blockchain
		5.2 Private Blockchain
		5.3 Consortium Blockchain
	6 Features of Blockchain
		6.1 Decentralization
		6.2 Immutability
		6.3 Transparency
		6.4 Proof of Work
	7 Different Technical Blockchain Applications
		7.1 Bitcoin
		7.2 Ethereum
		7.3 Hyperledger
	8 Blockchain Technology in Different Industrial Sectors
		8.1 E-Governance
		8.2 Financial Industry
		8.3 Accounting
		8.4 Business Process Management (BPM)
		8.5 Mining Industry
		8.6 Healthcare Industry
	9 Challenges Faced in Blockchain Applications
	10 Future of Blockchain
	11 Conclusion
	References
Emotion Recognition from EEG Signals: A Survey
	1 Introduction
	2 EEG Signal
	3 Emotion Models
	4 Benchmark Datasets
	5 Emotion Recognition
		5.1 EEG Signal Preprocessing
		5.2 EEG Features
		5.3 EEG Feature Extraction Methods
		5.4 Feature Selection Methods
		5.5 Classification
	6 Evaluation of Model
	7 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning for Detecting Noisy Neighbours in 5G Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Creation
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Data Sharing Approach for Personal Health Record Using Modified Attribute-Based Encryption Based on Searchable Encryption Scheme
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Work
	3 Assessing and Conclusions
		3.1 Assessment Metrics
		3.2 Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Image Forgery Detection Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System
	3 Dataset
	4 Pre-processing
	5 CNN Model
	6 Results and Discussion
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Calorie Measurement for Raw Vegan Diet Using Deep Learning Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed System
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs’ Contribution Toward Indian Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Reviews
	3 Objectives of the Study
	4 Methodology of the Study
	5 Literature Review Matrix
	6 Conceptual Model
	7 Tends of GDP Contribution
		7.1 Contribution of MSMEs Toward Indian Export
		7.2 Employment Generation by the MSME Sector of India
		7.3 Inflation Rate of Indian Economy During Covid-19 Pandemic
	8 Findings
	9 Recommendations
	10 Conclusion
	References
Violence Detection in Drone Surveillance Videos
	1 Detection of Physical Violence
		1.1 Video Analytics with Deep Neural Networks
	2 Related Work
	3 Dataset Preparation and DNN Design
		3.1 Dataset Preparation
		3.2 Drone Dataset
		3.3 DNN Design
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of Automatic Speaker Diarization Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Speaker Diarization
		3.1 Feature Extraction
		3.2 Voice Activity Detection
		3.3 Segmentation
		3.4 Clustering
	4 Applications and Importants of Speaker Diarization
	5 Challenges for Speaker Diarization Techniques
	6 Datasets for Speaker Diarization
	7 Framework for Speaker Diarization
	8 Conclusion
	References
A Study on Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning and Image Processing Techniques for Identifying Plant Leaf Disease
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Image Classification
		2.2 Object Detection
		2.3 Severity Quantification
	3 Challenges Observed
		3.1 Insufficient Dataset
		3.2 Model Complexity
		3.3 Accuracy
	4 Conclusions and Future Scope
	References
Study the Performance of a Robot Manipulator Making use of PID Controller for Welding Work  in an Automobile Industry
	1 Introduction
	2 Instrumentation and Methods
		2.1 Robotic Control System
		2.2 Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	5 Future Scope
	References
Comparative Predictive Analysis  of Machine Learning Algorithms for SIW Bandpass Filter
	1 Introduction
	2 Filter Design
		2.1 SIW Geometry
		2.2 SIW Bandpass Filter
	3 Machine Learning
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
CFG Analysis for Detecting Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Ease of use Bytecodes
		2.2 Why only Bytecodes
	3 Identifying Vulnerabilities Using CFG (Control Flow Graph) Using Bytecode
	4 Related Work
		4.1 Techniques used for Vulnerabilities Detection
	5 Methodology
		5.1 Finding Vulnerability from Bytecode Using EtherSolve
		5.2 Steps used for CFG Generation in Fig.1
	6 Results
		6.1 Issues with Ethersolve
	7 Conclusion
	References
Paradigm Shift in Control System Approaches—Past, Present and Future
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Progress of PID Controller
		2.2 Evolution of MPC
		2.3 Artificial Neural Networks
	3 Overview of Control Systems
		3.1 PID Control Concept and Features
		3.2 Performance Criteria for Closed-Loop Systems
		3.3 Model Predictive Control
		3.4 Artificial Intelligence and Process Control
		3.5 LSTM Overview
		3.6 Case Study—MPC with LSTM and Other Methods
		3.7 Conclusion
	References
Detection of Plagiarism in Contextual Meaning Using Transformer Model and Community Detection Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Overview of the Proposed Model
		3.2 Creating Word Embeddings Using BERT
		3.3 Louvain Algorithm on Graph Data Created from Word Embeddings
		3.4 Experimental Setup and Results
	4 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Survey on Irrigation Scheduling with Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
		1.1 What is Irrigation Scheduling?
		1.2 What is Machine Learning?
	2 Outline of Existing Methods
		2.1 Soil Moisture Level Measurement
		2.2 Plant-Based Monitoring
		2.3 Climatological Approach (IW: CPE Ratio)
		2.4 Water Balance Approach
	3 Irrigation Scheduling Using Machine Learning
	4 Gaps in Existing Research
		4.1 Machine Learning Models: Unnecessary Under-Fitting and Overfitting
		4.2 Accessibility of Web Infrastructure
		4.3 Initial Cost of Deployment
	5 Conclusion
	References
Hostility Analysis for Defence Using Empirical Surveillance
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Solution
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Dataset Generation
		4.2 Transfer Learning
		4.3 Instance Segmentation
		4.4 Custom Mask R-CNN
		4.5 Evaluation of Performance Metrics
	5 Performance Comparison
	6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
	References
An Analysis of Smart Kitchen Gadgets and a Smartphone Application for the Smart Cooker
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Research Applications and Industrial Product Survey
		2.2 User Survey
	3 Mobile Application
		3.1 Components of the Mobile Application
		3.2 Working Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Study on Kidney Segmentation Techniques Using DNN Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Threshold-based Segmentation
		2.2 Edge Based Segmentation
		2.3 Region Based Segmentation
	3 U-Net-based Segmentation
		3.1 Base U-Net
		3.2 Residual U-Net
		3.3 Dense U-Net
		3.4 U-Net++
	4 Summary
	5 Conclusions and Future Scope
	References
Near Real-Time Crime Detection Using Intelligent Drone Capture and CNN’s
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Surveillance Drones
		2.2 Object Tracking via Drone
		2.3 Facial Recognition
		2.4 Convolutional Neural Network
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Real-Time Input Capture
		3.2 Convolutional Neural Network
		3.3 Facial Recognition and Tracking
	4 Experiment Results and Discussion
		4.1 Dataset Collection
		4.2 Drone and Facial Recognition
		4.3 Model Building and Evaluation Metrics
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Author Index