Smart Trends in Computing and Communications: Proceedings of SmartCom 2023, Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 645)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Impact of Data Centric Approach to Improve the Performance of Leaf Disease Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Experiment Setup
	4 Conclusion
	References
Evolution, Trends, and Future Developments of Business Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Business Intelligence as of Today
		2.2 History of Business Intelligence
		2.3 Future of Business Intelligence
	3 Methodology
	4 Research Gap
	5 Problem Statement
	6 Objectives
	7 Identifying the Techniques Used in Business Intelligence
		7.1 Analytics
		7.2 Predictive Modeling
		7.3 Data Mining
		7.4 OLAP (Online Analytical Proceedings)
		7.5 Modeling Visualization
	8 Discussion on Evolution, Trends, and Future Developments of  Business Intelligence
	9 Conclusion
	References
A Secure Protocol for Authentication  and Data Storage for Healthcare System
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Work
	3 Security Analysis of Proposed Protocol
		3.1 Scyther-Automated Security Protocol Verification Tool
	4 Conclusion
	References
OMA-DSS: Ontology Based Multi Agent Decision Support System in Healthcare Domain to Prevent Cardiovascular Diseases
	1 Introduction
	2 Multi Agent Systems and Ontology
	3 Proposed MAS System
		3.1 Detailed View of OMA-DSS
	4 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Innovative Task Scheduling and Allocation Algorithm for E-Governance with Multi-cloud Environment
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Cloud Scheduling Algorithm
		3.2 Cloud Allocation Algorithm
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Distributed Deep Learning with Data Parallelism for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Deep Learning
		2.2 DDL
		2.3 DR Classification
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 DL Model
		3.3 Data Parallelism in DDL
		3.4 Experimental Setup
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	6 Future Scope
	References
STING—A User Governed Crime Alert App
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Experimental Analysis and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Traffic Signal Images Using Deep Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 DataSet
		3.2 Implementation
		3.3 Performance Metrics of Our Model
		3.4 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Automatic Evaluation for Machine Translation
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU)
		3.2 Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering (METEOR)
		3.3 Translation Error Rate (TER)
		3.4 NIST (National Institution of Standards and Technology)
		3.5 GTM (General Text Matcher)
	4 Challenges
	5 Results and Testing
	References
Evolving Time Series Data Streams: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Applications of Time Series Forecasting
	3 Literature Review
	4 Proposed Model
	5 Research Gap Analysis
	References
Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation on Data from Different Distributions
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Data Acquisition
	4 Implementation Methodology
	5 Future Work
	References
Profiling Network Traffic by Using Classification Techniques in Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Classification Algorithms
	3 Performance Metrics
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Identification of Cracks in High-Rise Buildings Using Drones and Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 Convolution Neural Network
		3.2 VGG 16 (Visual Geometry Group)
		3.3 Resnet50
		3.4 Xception and Inception
		3.5 Drone
	4 Implementation and Results
		4.1 Datasets Used
		4.2 Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks
		4.3 Model Loss for Two Datasets
		4.4 Test Image from Drones
		4.5 Testing for Cases of False Positives
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Wine Quality Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Statement
	2 Related Work
	3 Dataset
		3.1 Dataset Acquisition
		3.2 Exploratory Data Analysis
	4 Proposed Approach
		4.1 Machine Learning Algorithms
	5 Discussion and Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Wearable Technology with Location Tracking, Health Monitoring, and Attendance Tracking for Employees
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed System
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Path Loss of Wireless Channel with Hata Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Characteristics of Wireless Channel
		2.1 Path Loss
		2.2 Shadowing
		2.3 Multipath
	3 Propagation Model for Wireless Channel
	4 Wireless Channel Modeling
		4.1 Experimental Models
		4.2 Geometrical Models
	5 Outdoor Propagation Model
		5.1 Path Loss Models
		5.2 Okumara Model
		5.3 Hata Model
	6 Result Analysis and Conclusion
	References
A Study on Cross Site Scripting Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Examples of Cross-Site Scripting
	4 Types of Cross-Site Scripting
		4.1 REFLECTED XSS
		4.2 STORED XSS
		4.3 DOM XSS
	5 How XSS Works?
	6 Impact
	7 XSS Defensive Mechanisms
		7.1 BLUEPRINT
		7.2 XSS-GUARD
		7.3 SANER
		7.4 PATH CUTTER
		7.5 XSSDS
	8 Mitigation Approaches
		8.1 DESIGN PHASE
		8.2 CODING PHASE
		8.3 TESTING PHASE
	9 Conclusion
	References
Solving Text-to-SQL Task Through Machine Translation
	1 Introduction
	2 Model and Experiments
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Metrics to Evaluate the Query
		2.3 Implementation Details
	3 Conclusion
	References
Deep Learning Framework for Liver CT Image Segmentation and Risk Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Framework and Methodology
		3.1 Existing Work
		3.2 Proposed Work
		3.3 Dataset
		3.4 ResNet Architecture
		3.5 Approach for Risk Prediction
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Liver CT Image Segmentation
		4.2 Liver Risk Prediction
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Face Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
	4 Methodology
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Limitations
	7 Future Scope
	8 Conclusion
	References
Design and Development of a Cross-Platform Application: MSCW App
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Mobile Application Architecture for Cross-Platform Development Approach
	4 The MSCW Mobile Application: Scope and Objectives
	5 Proposed Work
		5.1 Alerts for Events
		5.2 Urgent Alerts for Placements and Internships
		5.3 Student Grievances
		5.4 Alumni Connect
	6 Analysis and Design Approach
		6.1 Analysis Approach: DFDs
		6.2 User Interface Design
	7 Conclusion
	References
Improving Naturalness in Speech Synthesis Using Fuzzy Logic
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Word Importance
		3.2 Sentence Size
		3.3 Position in Sentence
		3.4 Output
	4 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Online Handwriting Recognition in Multiple Languages
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 A Subsection Sample
	3 Data Pre-processing
		3.1 Binarization
		3.2 Noise Removal
		3.3 Skew Correction
	4 Building Simple TF Model
		4.1 Operations
		4.2 Data
	5 Convolutional Model Keras
		5.1 Model Introduction
		5.2 Pre-processing
	6 Experiments and Results
		6.1 Test
		6.2 Result Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Playful Thinking as a Strategy to Assess Mathematical Skills in Primary School
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Intervention Model
		3.2 Comparison of Results in the Graph
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Anomaly Detection in Medical IoT Devices Using Federated Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Work
	4 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of Image Augmentation and Data Deduplication Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Evolution of Deduplication
	3 Related Work
		3.1 Categorization of Deduplication Procedures Built on Category of Statistics
		3.2 Text-Based Deduplication
		3.3 Audiovisual Aid-Centered Deduplication
		3.4 Text Versus Image Centered Deduplication
		3.5 Text Centered Deduplication Approaches
		3.6 Multimedia Data Deduplication Approaches
	4 Image Augmentation
	5 Comparative Analysis of Deduplication Approaches
	6 Deep Learning Ensembles Approaches
		6.1 SIFT
		6.2 Siamese (DenseNet)
		6.3 Ensemble
		6.4 MSCNN (Multiscale CNN)
	7 Conclusion
	References
Identification of Spoofing URLs Using Hybrid Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Techniques
		3.1 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
		3.2 Random Forest
		3.3 Decision Tree
		3.4 Naive Bayes
	4 Methodology Diagram
	5 Dataset Interpretation
	6 Implementation
	7 Result
	8 Conclusion
	References
Role of PRI Functionaries in Adaptation of e-Governance at Gram Panchayat: A Study of Two States
	1 Introduction
		1.1 e-Government in Select Asian Countries
		1.2 e-Governance Trend in India
	2 Scope of the Study
	3 Data Collection and Sampling
	4 Overall Analysis
		4.1 Gender Status of ER and PS
		4.2 Supporting e-Governance Initiatives
		4.3 Receiving/Reacting to Your Opinion
		4.4 Government Should Invest More on e-Governance
		4.5 Rating of Flexibility of Application
		4.6 Role in Correcting the System in Any Way
		4.7 Willingness to Accept Computerization Program
		4.8 PPP in e-Governance Activities
		4.9 Awareness of Citizens About e-Panchayat
	5 Salient Findings and Key Success Factors
	6 Recommendations
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Discrete Firefly Algorithm Applied to Structural Bridge Truss Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Firefly Algorithm
		2.1 General Procedure
		2.2 Distance, Attractiveness and Limit Cases
	3 Constraint Handling
	4 Structural Optimization Problems
		4.1 Ten-Bar Truss Structures
		4.2 Geometry and Cross-Sectional Optimization in the 70 m Truss Bridge Structure
		4.3 Layout Optimization in the 70 m Truss Bridge Structure
	5 Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Implementation of Real Time Face Mask Recognition Technique Using Keras, TensorFlow
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Factors Affecting the Integration of Educational Technologies in Academic Delivery by Management Teachers During COVID-19 Times
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Analysis and Results
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	6 Theoretical and Practical Implications
	7 Limitations and Scope for Future Research
	References
Design, Analysis and Optimization of Chassis for Mobile Robotic Platform for Supermarkets
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Design and Analysis
		2.2 Calculating the Performance Index
		2.3 Dimension Optimization for Optimal Strength-to-Weight Ratio and Modal Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Free Body Diagram and Reaction Force Calculation
		3.2 Choosing the Best Cross Section
		3.3 Analysis
		3.4 Performance Index
		3.5 Dimension Optimization for Optimal Strength-to-Weight Ratio
		3.6 Modal Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	5 Future Work
	References
Version Control System for Auto Generation of Question Papers
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 System Design
		3.1 Functionalities of Proposed System
		3.2 Access Control Matrix for Different Roles
		3.3 Tools and Techniques Employed
		3.4 System Objectives
		3.5 Dependency Diagram Between Different Modules of the System
		3.6 Multi-Tier Application Architecture
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 System Workflow
		4.2 Menu Structure of Controller of Examination
	5 Conclusion and Scope for Future Work
	References
IoT-Based Hyper-Redundant Robot for Generating Various Snake Gait
	1 Introduction
	2  Related Work
	3 Problem Statement
	4 Motivation
	5 System Architecture
	6 Implementation
		6.1 Hardware Setup
		6.2 Software Setup
		6.3 Experiment Conducted
	7 Results and Discussion
	8 Future Work
	9 Conclusion
	References
Blockchain-Enabled Precision Agricultural System Using IoT and Edge Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 IoT, Edge Computing, and Blockchain Technology in Precision Agricultural System
		3.1 Proposed Blockchain-Based Agricultural Model
		3.2 Functionality of Layered Architecture
	4 Performance Analysis
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
USE-Based Deep Learning Approach to Detect Spammers on Twitter
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Literature
	3 Data Collection and Pre-processing
	4 The Proposed Model
	5 Experiments and Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Face Recognition at Various Angles
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Background in Face Recognition System
		3.1 Various Face Recognition Methods
	4 Approaches
		4.1 Viola–Jones Detector
		4.2 Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG)
		4.3 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
	5 Experimental Setup
		5.1 Datasets
		5.2 Result Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Oil Fatty Acid Measurement (OFAM) System for Blended Groundnut Oil
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Fabrication of OFAM System
		2.3 Method
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
		3.2 Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN)
		3.3 Radial Basis Function (RBF)
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Recent Advancements in Infant Brain MRI Segmentation Using Deep Learning Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Related Work
	4 Recent Trends
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Segmentation Methodologies
	5 Critical Analysis
	6 Result Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Study for Detecting Cardiovascular Disease Risk Using Machine Learning and Hybrid Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Dataset Description
	4 Proposed Method
		4.1 Preprocessing
		4.2 Classification Algorithms
	5 Classification Metrics
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Fake News Detection Using Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 The LIAR: A New Benchmark Dataset
	3 Literature Survey
	4 Materials and Methodology
		4.1 Materials
		4.2 Methodology
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Study
		6.1 Conclusion
		6.2 Future Study
	References
Analysis to Find Relationship Between Mental Trauma, Rape, and Suicide
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Cleaning
	3 Exploration and Analysis
		3.1 Suicide Rate
		3.2 How Do Males of Age 80 and Above Commit Suicide and Have the Highest Rate?
		3.3 Cause for High Suicide Rates in India
		3.4 Suicidal Rates by Gender
		3.5 Suicide Rates in a Few Third World Countries by Gender Are Listed Below
		3.6 Psychiatrists
		3.7 Nursing Facilities
		3.8 Social Workers
		3.9 Psychologists
	4 Relation
	5 Limitations/Benefits
	6 Conclusion
	References
Technological and Human Approach in Complete Restoration of the Dental Teeth Jaws with Biocompatible Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Dental Smile Preview
		2.2 Dental Oral Result
	3 Conclusion
	References
Estimating Software Reliability Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique
	1 Introduction
	2 Fake Website
	3 Machine Learning
	4 Methodology
	5 Architecture Diagram
	6 Error Evaluation
	7 Performance Evaluation and Results
	8 Result Analysis
	9 Conclusion
RealDApp—Decentralized Real Estate Asset Transfer Protocol Based on Blockchain
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problems with the Present System
	2 Statement of the Problem and Objective
	3 Literature Review
	4 Proposed Solution
		4.1 Blockchain
		4.2 Methodology
	5 Conclusion
	References
Land Use and Land Cover Classification and Changes Detection Using Machine Learning Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Study Area
		3.2 Image Acquisition
		3.3 Image Pre-processing
		3.4 LU/LC Classification Methods
		3.5 Land Use and Land Cover Change Analysis
	4 Accurate Assessment
		4.1 Overall Accuracy
		4.2 Accuracy of Producer
		4.3 Accuracy of User
		4.4 Kappa Coefficient
	5 Conclusion
	References
An In-Depth Study of 5G-Based Eco-Friendly Smart City
	1 Introduction
	2 5G Overview
		2.1 Requirements for a 5G System and Primary Services
		2.2 Eco-Friendly 5G Data Transmission and Key Performance Indicators
		2.3 Maintaining 5G Ecosystems
	3 Comparative Study of Existing Literature
	4 Smart City Applications Using 5G Network
		4.1 Smart Transportation
		4.2 Smart Healthcare
		4.3 Smart Manufacturing
	5 Current Limitations in Implementing Smart Cities
	6 Conclusion
	References
Digital Infrastructure and Applications for Smart Cities and Societies—Role of Artificial Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Society 4.0
		2.2 Society 5.0
		2.3 Smart Society
	3 Theoretical Background and Methodology-Innovative and Digital Upkeep
	4 Data Flow for Management and Operational Processes
		4.1 Dataset and Warning/Alarm Signals
		4.2 Functionalization and Modification of Process Data Flow
	5 Way to Evaluating Data (Big Data Value Chain)
		5.1 Information Procurement
		5.2 Data Analysis
		5.3 Selection, Storing, and Use of Data
	6 Results
	7 Discussion
	8 Conclusions
	References
Optimized Invoker Scheduling for Open-Source Serverless IoT Actions
	1 Introduction
	2 Amazon-EKS
		2.1 OpenWhisk on AWS Using Kubernetes
	3 Avoiding Lock-In
		3.1 Cost of Lock-In
	4 Optimized Installation
		4.1 Method for Deployment
	5 The Critical Path
	6 Optimized Critical Path
		6.1 The Invoker
		6.2 Squeezing the Invoker/Action Runtime
		6.3 Overhead Reduction
		6.4 Container Reuse to Reduce Cold Start
		6.5 Container Allocation
		6.6 Scheduling and Dispatching
		6.7 Function (IoT Rule) Execution
	7 Conclusions
	8 Future Work
	References
Meta-Learned Word Embeddings for Few-Shot Sentiment Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Meta-Learning as an Alternative
		2.2 Leveraging BERT to Initialize Meta-Learning
		2.3 State-of-the-Art Performance
	3 Empirical Study
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Dataset Exploration
	4 Evaluation Metric
	5 Model
		5.1 BERT
		5.2 MAML
	6 General Reasoning
	7 Experiments
	8 Result Analysis
		8.1 BERT Oracle
		8.2 BERT Baseline
		8.3 MAML with Random Initialization
		8.4 MAML with BERT Initialization
	9 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
A Survey on IoT Empowered WSNs Including Energy Aware Routing Strategies, Security Challenges and Privacy Preservations
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Internet of Things (IoT)
		1.2 Wireless Sensor Network
		1.3 Significance of Use of Neuro-Fuzzy Technique
	2 Limitations of This Study
	3 Conclusions
	References
End to End Pedestrian Features Detection for Self Driving Cars
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Statement
		1.2 Proposed Work
	2 Review of Related Works
		2.1 Action Recognition
		2.2 Crossing Intent Estimation
		2.3 Person Attributes Classification
		2.4 Pedestrian Future Path Prediction
		2.5 Pedestrian Traffic Risk
	3 Getting Started
		3.1 Input and Output Structure
		3.2 Implementation of Pose Estimation
		3.3 Network Structure of Gesture and Intent Detection
		3.4 Workflow of Person of Interest Detection
		3.5 Module Structure of Trajectory Prediction
		3.6 Execution of Risk Factor Prediction
		3.7 Dataset Structure
	4 Result and Discussion
		4.1 System Specification
		4.2 Accuracy Calculation
		4.3 Result Comparison
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Architectural Visualization Using Virtual Reality
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Origin of Problem
		1.2 Basic Definition and Background
		1.3 Problem Statement, Objectives, and Outcomes
		1.4 Real-Time Applications of Proposed Work
	2 Summary of Literature Study
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Design Methodology
		3.2 System Architecture Diagram
		3.3 Implementation Details
		3.4 Description of Software and Hardware Requirements, and Tools
	4 Results and Observations
		4.1 Performance
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
Multiclass Discriminator for Blind Steganalysis Using Statistical Features of Digital Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Golden Ratio
		3.2 Mathematical Model
		3.3 Algorithms
	4 Experimental Setup and Results
		4.1 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Quantum Optimization Techniques and It’s Comparison with Classical Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Quantum Algorithms for Optimization
		3.1 Genetic Quantum Algorithm (GQA)
		3.2 Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA)
	4 Comparison of Classical and Quantum Optimization
	5 Conclusion
	References
Research Challenges in Extreme Multi-label Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Challenges
		2.1 Relevant Training Data
		2.2 Data Scalability and Data Sparsity
		2.3 Long-Tail Problem
		2.4 Label Correlations
		2.5 Logarithmic Training and Prediction
		2.6 Dealing with Missing Labels
		2.7 Evaluation Measures
		2.8 Reformulate Existing Machine Learning Problems
	3 Related Work
	4 Dataset and Evaluation Measures
	5 Potential Directions for Improvements
	6 Conclusion
	References
Chess Board: Performance of Alpha–Beta Pruning in Reducing Node Count of Minimax Tree
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Plan of Investigation
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 History Heuristic
		3.2 Transposition Table
		3.3 Experiment Setup
	4 Experiment
	5 Evaluation
		5.1 Impact of the Combination of HH and TT
	6 Conclusion
	References
Availability Optimization of Generator Unit of Steam Turbine Power Plant Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description
	3 Formulation of Optimization Problem
	4 Numerical Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Classification of Bacterial Skin Disease Images Using Modified Convolutional Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 A Subsection Sample
		3.2 Convolution Neural Network
		3.3 Validation
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
A Comparative Study of Haze Removal for Dehazing Remote Sensing Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Prior-Based Methods
		2.2 Deep Learning-Based Methods
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Boundary Constraints and Contextual Regularization
		3.2 Detail Enhancing Filter
		3.3 Color Ellipsoid Prior
		3.4 Intensity and Transmission Map
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Performance Evaluation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Caption Suggestions Through Facial Expression Analysis
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Existing Work
		1.2 Our Contribution
	2 Background Survey and Importance of This Research
	3 Design and Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Data Augmentation
		3.4 Building the Model/CNN Architecture
		3.5 Image Processing and Caption Generation
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
RtTSLC: A Framework for Real-Time Two-Handed Sign Language Translation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 2D Convolutional Neural Networks
		2.2 Traditional Machine Learning Techniques
		2.3 Pre-trained Algorithms
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Real-Time Input Capture
		3.2 Classification Models
	4 Experiment Results
		4.1 Dataset Collection
		4.2 Evaluation Metrics
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Production Scheduling on Multiple Parallel Machines Using Recent Metaheuristic Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
		2.1 Solution Strategy
		2.2 Decision Variable Bounds and Constraints
		2.3 Fitness Function
	3 Algorithm Description
		3.1 Adaptive Gaining-Sharing Knowledge with Improved Multi-operative Differential Evolution Algorithm
		3.2 Multiple Adaptation Differential Evolution
	4 Experimental Settings
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusion
	References
Online Label Refinement for Weakly Semi-supervised Semantic Vehicle Parsing Using CNN and Transformer
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Existing Frameworks
		3.2 Proposed OLRVP Framework
		3.3 Loss Function
		3.4 Strategical Online Label Refinement
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Evaluation Metrics
		4.3 Implementation
	5 Results and Observations
	6 Ablation Studies
	7 Conclusion and Future Scopes
	References
Jitter Measurement System with ps Resolution for Calibration of Nuclear Timing Spectroscopy Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 New System
	3 Performance of System
	4 Conclusion
	References
Designing a Broadband Antenna for Wireless Communication
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Configuration
		2.1 Design of Antenna for Simulation
		2.2 Design Approximation of the Antenna
	3 Results
	4 Discussions
	References
Development and Validation of Unsupervised Machine Learning Clustering Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 K-Means Clustering Algorithm
		2.2 Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm
		2.3 DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Green IT for Sustainable Development
	1 Introduction
	2 Importance of Green Initiatives
		2.1 Reduce Environmental Impact and Landfill Waste
		2.2 Reuse
		2.3 Recycle
		2.4 Cost and Energy Savings
		2.5 Brand Reputation
	3 Sustainable Development
	4 Importance of Sustainable Development
	5 IT Operations Affecting the Environment
		5.1 Positive Impacts of IT in the Environment
		5.2 Negative Impacts of Technology on the Environment
	6 Impact of IT on Sustainable Development
	7 Green IT and Its Need
		7.1 Some Renewable Technologies in Sustainable Development
		7.2 Challenges of Green IT
		7.3 Future Scope of Green IT
	8 Conclusion
	References
Impact of the Role of Artificial Intelligence on Mental Health
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Gaming
		1.2 Natural Language Processing
		1.3 Speech Recognition
		1.4 Recognition of Handwriting
	2 Review of Literature
	3 Application of AI on Mental Health
	4 Conclusion
	5 Scope of Further Research
	References
Towards Performance Overview of Mini Batch K-Means and K-Means: Case of Four-Wheeler Market Segmentation
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Cluster Analysis
		2.2 Basic Clustering Algorithms
		2.3 Market Segmentation and Clustering
	3 Methodology Used for Performance Evaluation
		3.1 Four-Wheelers Customer Data Collection and Pre-processing
		3.2 Performance Evaluation Process of Mini Batch K-Means
		3.3 Performance Measures for Evaluation
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Clustering Performance Assessment Based on Silhouette Method
		4.2 Clustering Performance Assessment Based on Computational Speed Using Elapsed Time
		4.3 Clustering Performance Assessment Based on Meaningfulness of Clusters
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Smart Assistance Robot for Mobility Impairment
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 System Architecture Review
		3.1 System Overview
		3.2 System Modules
		3.3 Components Used
	4 System Implementation and Result Analysis
	5 Future Scope and Conclusion
	References
Deradicalization of Mathematical Model Using SERT Compartment
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Data Analysis
	4 Result and Discussion
		4.1 Mathematical Model
		4.2 The Stability Model Toward Equilibrium Point
		4.3 The Basic Reproduction Number
		4.4 Numerical Simulation
		4.5 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index