Smart IoT for Research and Industry

Preface
Contents
Editors’ Biography
Chapter 1: Applications of Blockchain in Various Domains
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Related Works
	1.3 Introduction to Blockchain
		1.3.1 Blocks and Hashes
		1.3.2 Keys, Tokens, and Transactions
	1.4 Bitcoin: Introduction
	1.5 Blockchain in Finance Services
		1.5.1 Ethereum
		1.5.2 Smart Contract
		1.5.3 Decentralized Autonomous Organization
	1.6 Application of Financial Trade Services
		1.6.1 Central Bank Digital Currency [16]
		1.6.2 Codefi Payments [19]
			1.6.2.1 Payment Plans
			1.6.2.2 Automated Smart Contracts
			1.6.2.3 Integrate with the Software
		1.6.3 Trade Finance
	1.7 Blockchain in Healthcare
		1.7.1 Applications and Real-World Cases of Blockchain
		1.7.2 Prepared Blockchain Models Based on Identified Real-World Applications
	1.8 Applications in Healthcare
		1.8.1 Electronic Medical Records
		1.8.2 Pharmaceutical Supply
		1.8.3 Biomedical Research and Education
		1.8.4 Health Data Analytics or “HDA”
		1.8.5 Protecting and Ensuring Patient Data
	1.9 Blockchain in Architecture
	1.10 Applications in Architecture
		1.10.1 Automated Ledger for Subcontractors
		1.10.2 “Smart Contracts” to Initiate Milestones
		1.10.3 Decentralizing Automated Organization
		1.10.4 Life Cycle Ledger
		1.10.5 The Management of Data
	1.11 Voting
		1.11.1 Opportunities and Benefits
		1.11.2 Challenges
	1.12 Music
		1.12.1 Applications
			1.12.1.1 Maintaining Record
			1.12.1.2 Smart Contracts
			1.12.1.3 Analysis and Model Innovation
			1.12.1.4 Revenue Management
		1.12.2 Current State
	1.13 Businesses in Blockchain
		1.13.1 Accounting Settlement and Crowdfunding
		1.13.2 Information Sharing
		1.13.3 Supply Chain Management
		1.13.4 Smart Transactions
	1.14 Blockchain in Smart Cities
		1.14.1 Uses of Blockchain in Smart Cities
	1.15 Issues and Constraints in Blockchain Application
	1.16 What the Future Holds for Blockchain
	References
Chapter 2: IoT-Based Unique Air and Noise Pollution Monitoring System
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Internet of Things (IoT)
		2.2.1 Advantages of IoT Over Other Technologies
		2.2.2 Need of Air and Noise Quality Monitoring System
	2.3 Literature Review
		2.3.1 Existing Technologies for Sound Monitoring System
		2.3.2 Existing Technologies for Air Monitoring System
		2.3.3 Research Gaps
		2.3.4 Objective of the Research
	2.4 Proposed Model
	2.5 Implementation
		2.5.1 Hardware
			2.5.1.1 Sensors
				MQ-135
				LM-393
			2.5.1.2 Microcontroller
		2.5.2 Software
			2.5.2.1 Firebase
			2.5.2.2 Ubidots
			2.5.2.3 Android App
	2.6 Experiments and Results
		2.6.1 Research Contribution
	2.7 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Chapter 3: New Frontiers in Managing and Controlling Industrial Processes Through IoT
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Background
	3.3 Importance of IoT
	3.4 Future of IoT in India
	3.5 Major Functioning Area of IoT
		3.5.1 Weather Forecasting
		3.5.2 Remote Sensing
		3.5.3 Meteorological Satellite
		3.5.4 Radars
		3.5.5 Communications
		3.5.6 Home Appliances
		3.5.7 Agriculture
		3.5.8 Agricultural Drone
		3.5.9 Livestock Monitoring
		3.5.10 Smart Cities
		3.5.11 Smart Parking
		3.5.12 Smart Waste Management
		3.5.13 Smart Roads
		3.5.14 Smart Railway Gate System
		3.5.15 Smart Water Management
	3.6 Toolkits to Implement IoT
		3.6.1 TinyOS
		3.6.2 Mote Runner
		3.6.3 Contiki
		3.6.4 DeviceHive
		3.6.5 Android as an IoT Tool
	3.7 Network Challenges in IoT
		3.7.1 No Loss of Data
		3.7.2 Security
		3.7.3 Detect IoT Devices
		3.7.4 Power
		3.7.5 Bandwidth
		3.7.6 Signalling
		3.7.7 Presence Detection
		3.7.8 Role of Access Control
		3.7.9 Access Control and Network Segmentation
		3.7.10 Access Control and Quarantining
	3.8 Threats and Security in IoT
	3.9 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: Smart Self-Immolation Prediction Techniques: An Analytical Study for Predicting Suicidal Tendencies Using Machine Learning Algorithms
	4.1 Introduction
		4.1.1 Depression as a Major Cause of Suicidal Attempt
		4.1.2 Categories and Indications of Depression
		4.1.3 Contributing Factors and Prevention of Depression
		4.1.4 Need of Proper Analysis and Diagnosis for Depression to Prevent Suicide
		4.1.5 Impact of Depression
		4.1.6 Signs of Depression
		4.1.7 Graphical Representation of Worldwide Suicide Record (Age, Country and Gender-wise)
	4.2 Related Background Study
		4.2.1 Study of Several Machine Learning Models
			4.2.1.1 Supervised Learning
		4.2.2 Clinical or Medical Methods
		4.2.3 Content Analysis
	4.3 Popular Machine Learning Algorithms Used in Suicide Prediction and Detection
		4.3.1 Pre-processing Algorithms
		4.3.2 Classification Algorithms Used for Suicidal Tendency Prediction
			4.3.2.1 Random Forest Algorithm
			4.3.2.2 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
			4.3.2.3 k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN)
			4.3.2.4 Decision Tree Algorithms
		4.3.3 Feature Selection Algorithms
		4.3.4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
	4.4 Application Areas for Suicide Prediction
		4.4.1 Suicidal Tendency Prediction Using Questionnaire
		4.4.2 Suicidal Tendency Prediction Using Social Media Posts
		4.4.3 Suicidal Tendency Prediction Using Clinical Data and Suicide Note
	4.5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Chapter 5: A Review of Particle Swarm Optimization in Cloud Computing
	5.1 Introduction
		5.1.1 Cloud Computing
		5.1.2 Virtual Machines
		5.1.3 Virtual Machine Placement Problems Defined
		5.1.4 Resource Management in Cloud Computing
	5.2 Particle Swarm Optimization
		5.2.1 Parameters of PSO
		5.2.2 PSO Algorithm
		5.2.3 Modifications of the Original PSO
	5.3 PSO Variants
		5.3.1 Continuous PSO Algorithm Techniques
		5.3.2 Discrete PSO Algorithm Techniques
		5.3.3 PSO Analysis in Stock Market
	5.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6: Role of Satellites in Agriculture
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Working
	6.3 Preprocessing
	6.4 Future Scope
	6.5 Comments and Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: IoT in Green Engineering Transformation for Smart Cities
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Green Engineering: Driving Forces
	References
Chapter 8: A Study on Optimal Framework with Fog Computing for Smart City
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Fog Architecture
		8.2.1 Three-Layer Architecture
		8.2.2 Fog Computing Challenges
	8.3 Literature Review
	8.4 Smart City Ware Architecture
	8.5 Research Gap
	8.6 Propose and Execution
	8.7 Performance Metrics
	8.8 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 9: Changing World: Smart Homes Review and Future
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Definition of Smart Homes
	9.3 Smart Homes and Their Users
	9.4 Domestication of Technologies
	9.5 Smart Home Projects
		9.5.1 Activity Identification and Event Automation
		9.5.2 Remote Access and Control
		9.5.3 Healthcare
		9.5.4 Local Monitoring
		9.5.5 Remote Monitoring
		9.5.6 Security
		9.5.7 Discussion
	9.6 Devices and Equipment
	9.7 Communication Media and Protocols
	9.8 Algorithms and Methods
	9.9 Future Challenges
	9.10 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10: Providing Security and Managing Quality Through Machine Learning Techniques for an Image Processing Model in the Industrial Internet of Things
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Background
	10.3 IoT Security
	10.4 IoT Layers
	10.5 Proposed Research
	10.6 Algorithm
	10.7 AES Algorithm
	10.8 Testing and Result Analysis
	10.9 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11: Solar-Powered Portable Charger Using IoT-Based Technique
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Standard Methodology
	11.3 Efficient Working of the Model
		11.3.1 Photovoltaic System Cell
		11.3.2 Batteries for Energy Storage
		11.3.3 Controller of the Charge
	11.4 A Short Description of MPPT Algorithm
		11.4.1 Convertor (DC to DC)
		11.4.2 Arduino UNO
	11.5 Arduino and Wi-Fi Module Interface
	11.6 Tips and Tricks to Keep the Power Bank Safe
	11.7 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 12: CBC (Cipher Block Chaining)-Based Authenticated Encryption for Securing Sensor Data in Smart Home
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Related Works
	12.3 Introduction to AES
		12.3.1 Constraints and Assumptions
		12.3.2 Dependencies
		12.3.3 Evaluation Parameters
		12.3.4 Working of AES
	12.4 Mode of Operation: Cipher Block Chaining
	12.5 Attacks on AES
		12.5.1 Side-Channel Attack
		12.5.2 Differential Fault Analysis
	12.6 Wireless Sensor Networks
	12.7 Authentication for Sensor Data
		12.7.1 Authentication Using CBC Mode
		12.7.2 Authenticated Encryption Applied to Sensor Data
	12.8 Conclusion
	References
Index