Seawater, Second Edition: Its Composition, Properties and Behaviour

Front Cover......Page 1
SEAWATER: ITS COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOUR......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 6
ABOUT THIS SERIES......Page 8
1.1 THE SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF WATER......Page 9
1.2 THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE......Page 12
1.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 1......Page 18
2.1 SOLAR RADIATION......Page 19
2.2 DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE TEMPERATURES......Page 20
2.3 DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE WITH DEPTH......Page 24
2.4 ENERGY FROM THE THERMOCLINE - A BRIEF DIGRESSION......Page 28
2.5 TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AND WATER MOVEMENT......Page 30
2.6 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2......Page 32
CHAPTER 3. SALINITY IN THE OCEANS......Page 34
3.1 CONSTANCY OF COMPOSITION......Page 35
3.2 VARIATIONS IN SALINITY......Page 38
3.3 THE MEASUREMENT OF SALINITY......Page 40
3.4 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3......Page 42
4.1 WATER MASSES......Page 44
4.2 DEPTH (PRESSURE), DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE......Page 45
4.3 T-S DIAGRAMS......Page 47
4.4 MIXING PROCESSES IN THE OCEANS......Page 54
4.5 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER4......Page 62
5.1 UNDERWATER LIGHT......Page 66
5.2 UNDERWATER SOUND......Page 77
5.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 5......Page 87
6.1 THE GROSS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEAWATER......Page 90
6.2 SOURCES AND SINKS, OR WHY THE SEA IS SALT......Page 105
6.3 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS IN SEAWATER......Page 113
6.4 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 6......Page 129
CHAPTER 7. SEAWATER AND THE GLOBAL CYCLE......Page 133
7.1 A SHORT HISTORY OF SEAWATER......Page 134
7.2 A LOOK AHEAD......Page 140
7.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER......Page 144
APPENDIX: CONVERSIONS BETWEEN pH AND  [H+]......Page 147
SUGGESTED AND COMMENTS READING......Page 149
ANSWERS AND COMMENTS TO QUESTIONS......Page 150
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 168
INDEX......Page 169