Scientific foundations of crime scene reconstruction: introducing method to mayhem

 Content: Machine generated contents note: Section I SHOOTINGS --
 1.Three Strikes and Out --
 Introduction to a Shooting Reconstruction --
 Ballistics and Scientific Method --
 The Scope of This Reconstruction --
 Summary of Shooting Reconstruction Preliminaries --
 Evidence Examination and Analysis --
 Serendipity --
 Hoodie Analysis: Photogrammetry Method --
 Software --
 Accuracy and Error --
 Results --
 Reconstruction Methods --
 The 3D Total Station Scene Measurement Method --
 Two Methods of Measurement with a Total Station --
 Reference Measurements and Accuracy --
 Creation of the Virtual Environment Model Using Total Station Data --
 Virtual Anatomical 3D Model of Rick Deal --
 Method: Establish a Trajectory Envelope --
 Trajectory and Muzzle Movement during Triple-Tap Firing --
 Distances --
 Angles --
 External Autopsy Photographs and Developed Measurements of Entrances and Exits --
 Measurement from the Vertex (Top of the Head) to the Entrance Wound of the Neck --
 Measurement from the Vertex to the Entrance Wound of the Right Nipple --
 Measurement from the Vertex to the Entrance Wound of the Left Side Front --
 Measurement from the Apex of the Shoulders to the Exit Wound of the Neck --
 Measurement from the Apex of the Shoulders to the Chest Exit Wound (Just below the Left Armpit) --
 Estimated Position of the Bullet Recovered at the Midline --
 Projected Path of the Recovered Bullet --
 Shooting Reconstruction of Deal's Position for the 1-Second, Three-Shot Sequence Only --
 Deal's Movements and the Bullet Impacts --
 Shooting Reconstruction Summary --
 Laboratory Notes and Drawings --
 Laboratory Photographs: Clothing and Other Items Submitted to the Laboratory --
 Microscopy --
 Entrance Wounds and Scene Measurements, Photogrammetry, and Total Station Measurements for Limited Shooting Reconstruction --
 The 3D Modeling and Work on the Bullet Chip in the Brick --
 Point Cloud Data Representing the Chip --
 The Medical Examiner's Autopsy Report --
 Introduction --
 Autopsy Report Summary --
 Deal Injuries Documented --
 Indeterminate Range Penetrating Gunshot Wound to the Left Chest --
 Indeterminate Range Perforating Gunshot Wound to the Chest --
 Indeterminate Range Perforating Gunshot Wound to the Neck --
 Autopsy Wound Measurement Summary --
 Deal's Autopsy X-Rays --
 Scientific Shooting Reconstruction Independent Measurements --
 The Medical Examiner's Measurements --
 The Medical Examiner's Trajectories --
 Trajectory Conclusion Summary --
 Trajectory and Muzzle Movement in Triple-Tap Firing --
 Introduction --
 Summary of Overall Result --
 Testing Protocol --
 Error Rate (Acceptable Variance) --
 Shooting Setup --
 Caveats --
 Three-Shot Firing Sequence --
 Three-Shot Firing Sequence Target --
 Three-Shot Firing Sequence Angle Measurement --
 Instrument Calibration and Validation Data --
 Introduction --
 Conclusions --
 2.Misplaced Method --
 Introduction --
 The Scene --
 Shotguns, Shells, and Sabots --
 Other Shotgun Injuries to Document --
 Search of the Premises --
 The State's Expert "Reconstructionist" Reconstructs the Shooting Murder from the Clues --
 Revisiting the Scene Science: The Problem of Data --
 Testing to Develop Scientific Inferences from Data --
 Scientific Inferences from the Decedent's Sweater --
 Scientific Inferences from the Suspect's Glasses --
 Scientific Conclusions about the Shooting Events --
 Conclusions --
 3.The Room with the View --
 Introduction --
 Case Review --
 Summary --
 My Conclusions Summarized --
 Autopsy Terminal Ballistics --
 Lesella --
 Maxalline --
 Deneshia --
 Comment on Hand Tests for Gunshot Residue --
 Examination of the Smith & Wesson Revolver --
 Summary of the Condition as Examined --
 Summary of the Gunshot Residue and Weapon Testing --
 Method --
 Measurements --
 Conclusions --
 Trace Evidence --
 Conclusions from the Discoveries and Analyses --
 Microscopic Examinations of the Bullets and Trace Evidence --
 Bloodstain Pattern Summary: Clothing, Bedding, and Cloth Items --
 Ballistics --
 General Features of Nosier Ammunition --
 Issues with a Small Room and Powerful Ammunition --
 The Experiment's Conclusion --
 Results --
 Maxalline's Injury Hypothesis --
 Clothing Examination: The Blue Sweatshirt from Lesella --
 Blanket Folded on Bed --
 Yellow Towel --
 Red Bedspread --
 White Pillow --
 Bedsheet --
 Basic Progress --
 4.See No Evil --
 Introduction --
 "Ballistics" Further Clarified --
 Gunshot Residue as Trace Evidence Analysis and Analytical Chemistry --
 Posing the Questions --
 Scenario 1 --
 Scenario 2 --
 Scene Visit --
 Evidence Examinations --
 Relevant Autopsy Results: The Victim's Injuries --
 Examination of the Pistol --
 Leakage and Discharge --
 Target GSR Depositions --
 Examination of Bloodstain Patterns and Trace Evidence --
 Officer Johnston's Glock --
 Decedent's White T-Shirt --
 Officer Johnston's Dark Navy Blue/Black Uniform Shirt --
 Crime Scene --
 Bloodstain Patterns at the Scene and Scene Drawing --
 Scene Reconstruction Based upon Physical Evidence Examined --
 Conclusions --
 Brief Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Glossary --
 5.A Christmas Story --
 Introduction --
 Issues --
 Facts --
 Unknowns --
 Protocols --
 Goals --
 Target Construction Based upon My Analysis of Jimmy DeLauro's Jacket --
 Target Material Selection and Design --
 Ballistics Gel --
 Target --
 Shooting Range Design --
 U.S. Model 856 Air Rifle --
 Goals --
 Method --
 Results --
 Canadian Model 856 Air Rifle --
 Goals --
 Method --
 Results --
 Conclusions to Be Drawn from the Data Sets --
 Summary of the Project --
 The Bases for Conclusions --
 Summary of Conclusions --
 Medical Data --
 Ballistics and Firearms/Bullet Examinations --
 Gel Block Testing --
 Further Analysis of the Rifles --
 Photos Comparing U.S. and Canadian Model Daisy 856 Air Rifles --
 Comments Regarding the Limits of Both the Data and the Conclusions --
 6.Hold Me Closer, Tiny Dancer --
 Introduction --
 Official Stories --
 My Assignment --
 Files, Transcripts, and Reports --
 Autopsy and Scene Photographs --
 Physical Evidence --
 Scene of Shooting --
 Evidence Examination: Item #10 Orange Jacket --
 Elemental Analysis Methodology --
 XRF Item #10 Orange Jacket --
 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis --
 Evidence Examination: Item #11 Black Nylon Pants --
 Physical Description --
 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis --
 Trajectory Analysis: Item #10 Orange Jacket, Item #11 Black Pants --
 Autopsy Data --
 Scene Photographs --
 Evidence of Shots Fired --
 Limited Trajectory Analysis --
 Chest Shot --
 Left Arm, Left Leg Shot --
 Conclusions --
 Evidence Examination: Item #5 Old English Label Bottle --
 Broken Pieces of Glass --
 Scene Photographs --
 Description: Broken Pieces --
 Broken Pieces Reassembled --
 Conclusions --
 Shooting Evidence Examination: Item #6 "Black Bag Containing Miscellaneous Items" --
 Physical Description --
 Brief Observations --
 Use of Deadly Force Issues --
 General Concluding Observations --
 Crime Scene Shooting Reconstruction Summary --
 Laboratory Notes and Evidence Photographs --
 XRF Charts Showing Elemental Spectra --
 Relevant Scene Photographs --
 Conclusions --
 Shooting Evidence --
 Use-of-Deadly-Force Opinions --
 Postscript --
 7.Man Down --
 Introduction --
 Administrators' Use of the Shooting Reconstruction --
 Further Administrative Review --
 Reconstruction Data --
 Location of the Bullets --
 Officer Dom's Shooting Positions and Trajectories --
 Officer Zwank's Shooting Positions and Trajectories --
 Section II NONSHOOTINGS --
 8.A Flash in the Pan --
 Introduction --
 Basis for Arson Determination --
 Analysis of the Data --
 The Stove --
 The Pan Containing the Crisco --
 Mr. Coffee Coffeepot --
 "V" Burn Patterns --
 The Oil Lamp "Evidence" --
 Fire Basics --
 Melting Points of Common Substances --
 Flash Points and Autoignition Temperatures --
 J.B.J. Fourier, French Mathematician and Physicist: Heat Transfer --
 Properties of Heat Studied by Fourier --
 Testing and Experiments --
 Aftermath: Trial --
 9.The Party's Over --
 Introduction --
 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis and Scientific Method --
 Conclusions and Their Basis --
 Documentation in Reconstruction Reports --
 Data and Interpretations --
 Medical Examination: Defendant's Injuries --
 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Examination of Bloodstains and Trace Evidence --
 Decedent's Clothing --
 Defendant's Clothing --
 The Dagger --
 Description --
 Bloodstains Present on the Dagger --
 Further Blood Evidence on the Handle --
 Drawings of the Dagger --
 Event Reconstruction Based upon the Data Supplied --
 Photographs Documenting the Evidence --
 Developing Additional Data --
 Brief Illustrated Reconstruction --
 Dagger, Decedent's Left Hand Injury and Bloodstained Clothing --
 The Dagger and Its Location in the Truck --
 Brief Summary of Overall Conclusions --
 What Is the Most Likely Manner of Stephen Vaughn's Death? Undetermined --
 What Is the Most Likely Mechanism by Which the Dagger Was Removed from Stephen Vaughn's Body? Mr. Vaughn Removed the Dagger --
 What Is the Most Likely Mechanism by Which the Dagger Ended Up in the Pickup Truck under the Passenger Seat? We Do Not Know --
 Manner of Death Issues --
 10.The Picture of a Crime --
 Introduction --
 Issue and Focus --
 Scientific Precision and Scientific Accuracy --
 The Videotape Data --
 Method: Photogrammetry --
 Error Rates --
 Photographic Comparisons --
 The Best Method Possible versus This Method of Relative Approximation --
 Conclusions --
 Caveats --
 Addendum: Bertillon's Anthropometric Calculations for Identification --
 Basic Calculations --
 The Data Applied to This Analysis --
 Conclusions --
 11.Cold Case Crackpots --
 Introduction: "Cold Cases" and Forensic Science --
 Science versus Nonscience --
 Case Review --
 Summary of Basic Conclusions --
 Shoe Print Evidence --
 Necessary Preliminaries for Photoanalysis --
 Photogrammetry Again (Measurements from Photos) --
 Pattern Matching and Analysis --
 Tracker Report: The Photographic Evidence --
 The Photos in General --
 Bloodstain Pattern Evidence --
 Decedent's Position(s) and Movements Based on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis and Autopsy Data --
 Limited Crime Scene Reconstruction: Postmortem Position Only --
 Note continued: Sciences That Could Have Been Applied in 1973, in 1986, or Now --
 Negative Effects of Evidence Destruction --
 Conclusions --
 12.Bombs Away --
 Introduction --
 The Device and the ATF Review --
 The Device Errata --
 Description and Analysis of the Device --
 Description --
 Analysis --
 Testing the Device --
 Alternative Contexts and Their Effects on the Device --
 Conclusions --
 13.The Brothers Grimm --
 Introduction --
 Scene Description --
 Examination of the Suspect --
 Examination of the Knife --
 The Scenario --
 Testing of Force Required to Reproduce the Victim's Fatal Injury --
 Examination of Bloodstain Patterns and Trace Evidence --
 Decedent's Clothing --
 Defendant's Clothing --
 Tablecloth and Plate --
 Crime Scene Analysis: One-Story Residence --
 Scene Conditions and Diagrams --
 Bloodstain Patterns at the Scene --
 Crime Scene Reconstruction --
 Photographs from Final Analysis Forensics --
 14.Slow But Sure: Testudines Chelonia --
 Introduction --
 The Evidence and the Trial --
 The Injuries --
 Incised Wounds, Lacerations, Contusions, and Abrasions --
 Premortem, Paramortem, and Postmortem Injuries --
 Histology Study --
 Chemicals Present in Cells and What They Can Tell Us --
 Apoptosis versus Necrosis.