SAP S/4HANA Administration

Cover
Contents
	Preface
		Who Is This Book For?
		How Is This Book Organized?
		Acknowledgments
	1  The Future of the Basis Administrator
		1.1 SAP S/4HANA: On-Premise and in the Cloud
		1.2 RISE with SAP
			1.2.1 The Intelligent Enterprise
			1.2.2 Application Management Services
		1.3 Summary
	2  Overview of the ABAP Platform
		2.1 Components of the ABAP Platform
			2.1.1 SAP System
			2.1.2 Instances
		2.2 Client/Server Architecture
		2.3 Presentation Layer
			2.3.1 SAP GUI
			2.3.2 SAP Business Client
			2.3.3 SAP Fiori
		2.4 Application Layer
			2.4.1 Work Processes and the Dispatcher
			2.4.2 Services Provided by the SAP System
			2.4.3 Number of Processes
			2.4.4 Structure of a Work Process
			2.4.5 Monitoring Processes
			2.4.6 Instance Memory
		2.5 Database Layer
			2.5.1 In-Memory Database
			2.5.2 Column-Store Database
			2.5.3 SAP HANA Instances
			2.5.4 SAP HANA Services
			2.5.5 SAP HANA Databases
		2.6 SAP S/4HANA and the Internet
			2.6.1 Internet Communication Manager
			2.6.2 Configuring Internet Services
		2.7 Summary
	3  Architecture
		3.1 Component Overview
		3.2 Dialog Processing
		3.3 Background Processing
			3.3.1 Background Jobs
			3.3.2 Scheduling Background Jobs
			3.3.3 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
			3.3.4 Background Job Analysis
			3.3.5 Troubleshooting the Background Processor
			3.3.6 Standard Housekeeping
		3.4 Updating
			3.4.1 Section Technical Background
			3.4.2 Configuration
			3.4.3 Update Load-Balancing
			3.4.4 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
			3.4.5 Reorganization
		3.5 Lock Management
			3.5.1 Lock Objects
			3.5.2 Lock Owners
			3.5.3 Lock Table
			3.5.4 Configuration
			3.5.5 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
		3.6 Output Management
			3.6.1 Spool Requests and the TemSe Storage Area
			3.6.2 Printing in SAP
			3.6.3 Configuring Spool Servers and Spool Processes
			3.6.4 Configuring Devices
			3.6.5 Transporting Devices
			3.6.6 Device Types
			3.6.7 Spool and Output Request Management
			3.6.8 Printing Assistant for Landscapes
		3.7 Internet and Communication
			3.7.1 Internet Communication Manager
			3.7.2 Internet Communication Framework
			3.7.3 Internet Transaction Server
			3.7.4 SAPconnect
		3.8 Summary
	4  Technical Requirements and Operations
		4.1 Product Availability Matrix
			4.1.1 Product Information
			4.1.2 Supported Platforms
		4.2 SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Linux and UNIX
			4.2.1 Supported Platforms
			4.2.2 Directory Structure
			4.2.3 Using Aliases to Navigate Directories
			4.2.4 Transport Directory
			4.2.5 SAP Host Agent
			4.2.6 Users and Groups
			4.2.7 Directories and Files Owned by root
			4.2.8 Network Services and Ports
			4.2.9 Processes
		4.3 SAP S/4HANA Application Layer on Microsoft Windows
			4.3.1 Supported Platforms
			4.3.2 Directory Structure and Network Shares
			4.3.3 Transport Directory
			4.3.4 SAP Host Agent
			4.3.5 Users and Groups
			4.3.6 Network Services and Ports
			4.3.7 Processes
		4.4 SAP HANA Database Layer
			4.4.1 Network Services and Ports
			4.4.2 Directory Structure
			4.4.3 Users and Groups
			4.4.4 Processes
		4.5 Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Linux and UNIX
			4.5.1 Starting and Stopping
			4.5.2 Monitoring Instances
			4.5.3 Information about Work Processes
			4.5.4 The dpmon Program
		4.6 Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring Instances on Microsoft Windows
			4.6.1 Starting and Stopping
			4.6.2 Monitoring Instances
		4.7 Starting, Stopping, and Monitoring SAP HANA
			4.7.1 Starting and Stopping the SAP HANA System
			4.7.2 Starting and Stopping Tenant Databases
			4.7.3 Monitoring SAP HANA
		4.8 Troubleshooting SAP S/4HANA Instances
			4.8.1 Displaying Developer Traces
			4.8.2 Interpreting a Trace
			4.8.3 Changing the Trace Level
			4.8.4 Limiting Disk Space for Traces
			4.8.5 Resetting a Trace
		4.9 Troubleshooting the SAP HANA Database System
			4.9.1 Trace Files
			4.9.2 Dump Files
			4.9.3 Other Files
			4.9.4 Viewing the Diagnostic Files
		4.10 Summary
	5  Client Administration
		5.1 Data Types
		5.2 Clients in an SAP System
		5.3 How the System Keeps Clients Apart
		5.4 Creating Clients
			5.4.1 Client Settings
			5.4.2 Client Roles and Recommended Settings
		5.5 Logical Systems
		5.6 Copying Clients
			5.6.1 Types, Profiles, and Tools
			5.6.2 Local Client Copy
			5.6.3 Remote Client Copy
			5.6.4 Client Tools Log
		5.7 Client Transport
			5.7.1 Exporting the Client
			5.7.2 Importing the Client
			5.7.3 Import Postprocessing
		5.8 Working with Table Snapshots
			5.8.1 How Snapshots Work
			5.8.2 Exporting to a Table Snapshot
			5.8.3 Importing from a Table Snapshot
		5.9 Deleting a Client
		5.10 Transport-Based Copy
		5.11 Special Operations for Clients
			5.11.1 Client Size Determination
			5.11.2 Client Comparison
		5.12 Cleaning Up Logs
		5.13 Table Logging
			5.13.1 Settings at Table Level
			5.13.2 System Parameter Settings
			5.13.3 Displaying Logged Data
			5.13.4 Archiving and Deleting Logged Data
		5.14 Summary
	6  Change Management and Transports in the System Landscape
		6.1 Key Terms
		6.2 Development Objects
			6.2.1 Source System and Object Changeability
			6.2.2 Object Name Ranges
			6.2.3 Packages
			6.2.4 Repairs
			6.2.5 Transportable versus Local Changes
		6.3 Change Requests
			6.3.1 Naming
			6.3.2 Transportability
			6.3.3 Tasks
			6.3.4 Releasing Tasks
			6.3.5 Releasing the Change Request
			6.3.6 Importing the Request into the Consolidation System
			6.3.7 Simultaneous Import of Multiple Requests
			6.3.8 Other Request Types
		6.4 Transactions for Managing Change Requests
			6.4.1 Transactions SE09/SE10
			6.4.2 Container Objects and Subobjects
			6.4.3 Transaction SE01
		6.5 Preparing the Transport System
			6.5.1 Transport System Initialization
			6.5.2 Scheduling the RDDIMPDP Job
			6.5.3 System Change Options
		6.6 Transport Management System
			6.6.1 Domains and Controllers
			6.6.2 Defining the Landscape
			6.6.3 Managing the Import Queue
			6.6.4 Importing Change Requests
			6.6.5 The tp and R3trans Programs
		6.7 Special Transport Topics
			6.7.1 Extended Transport Control
			6.7.2 Quality Assurance Approvals
			6.7.3 Projects
			6.7.4 Change and Request Management
			6.7.5 Using tp Directly
		6.8 Summary
	7  Maintaining Instances
		7.1 Parameters and Profile Maintenance
			7.1.1 Parameters
			7.1.2 Profiles
			7.1.3 Evaluation
			7.1.4 Display and Maintain Profiles
		7.2 Display and Maintain Parameters Online
			7.2.1 Transaction RZ11
			7.2.2 Report RSPARAM
		7.3 Operation Modes
			7.3.1 Timetables
			7.3.2 Creating the Operation Modes
			7.3.3 Generating the Instance Definition
			7.3.4 Maintaining the Timetable
			7.3.5 Switching Operation Modes Manually
		7.4 Dynamic Work Processes
			7.4.1 Restricted Work Processes
			7.4.2 Dynamically Started Work Processes
			7.4.3 Dynamic Work Processes in Operation Modes
		7.5 User Load-Balancing
			7.5.1 Configuring Logon Groups
			7.5.2 Displaying Load-Balancing Statistics
		7.6 RFC Server Groups
		7.7 Summary
	8  Users and Authorizations
		8.1 Users in SAP
		8.2 Managing Users
			8.2.1 Creating a User
			8.2.2 Locking and Unlocking a User
			8.2.3 Changing the Password
			8.2.4 Change Documents
		8.3 Mass User Changes
			8.3.1 Create Users
			8.3.2 Change Users
		8.4 Password and Login Security
			8.4.1 Password Policies
			8.4.2 Other Login Parameters
		8.5 Authorization Concept
			8.5.1 The Purchasing Application
			8.5.2 Determining Authorizations in SAP S/4HANA
		8.6 Managing Roles
			8.6.1 Display Single Role
			8.6.2 Display Composite Role
			8.6.3 Create Single Role
			8.6.4 Deactivating and Deleting Authorization Objects from a Role
			8.6.5 Create Composite Role
			8.6.6 How the System Checks a User’s Authorizations
			8.6.7 Assigning Roles to Users
			8.6.8 Transporting Roles
			8.6.9 Mass Operations on Roles
			8.6.10 Periodic User Master Comparison
		8.7 Authorization Profiles
		8.8 User Information Management System
		8.9 Central User Administration
			8.9.1 Define the Landscape
			8.9.2 Logical Systems
			8.9.3 Create or Generate Roles
			8.9.4 Create Communication Users
			8.9.5 Create RFC Destinations
			8.9.6 Create the Distribution Model
			8.9.7 Set Distribution Parameters
			8.9.8 Synchronize and Distribute Company Addresses
			8.9.9 Transfer Users
			8.9.10 Remove Setup Roles
			8.9.11 Synchronization Logs
			8.9.12 Changes in Transaction SU01
		8.10 Summary
	9  Security
		9.1 Authentication and Single Sign-On
			9.1.1 Components of Single Sign-On
			9.1.2 Methods of Authentication
			9.1.3 SAP Single Sign-On for SAP GUI
			9.1.4 Single Sign-On using SAP Cloud Identity Services
		9.2 Securing Communication
			9.2.1 Introducing Encryption and Cryptography
			9.2.2 Configure ICM for SSL/TLS
			9.2.3 Creating the TLS/SSL Personal Security Environment
			9.2.4 Restart ICM and Verify the TLS/SSL Configuration
			9.2.5 Request and Install Certificates
			9.2.6 Verify the TLS/SSL Certificate Configuration
		9.3 SAP Web Dispatcher
			9.3.1 Installation
			9.3.2 Configuration
			9.3.3 Administration
			9.3.4 SSL Configuration
			9.3.5 Connections to Backend Systems
			9.3.6 Verification
			9.3.7 Reverse Proxy
		9.4 Restricting Access
			9.4.1 Message Server
			9.4.2 Gateway Process
			9.4.3 Internet Communication Manager
			9.4.4 Internet Communication Framework
		9.5 Protecting Data
			9.5.1 Securing Clients
			9.5.2 Locking Clients and Transactions
			9.5.3 Password Policies
			9.5.4 Password Rules
			9.5.5 Restricting Logon
			9.5.6 Standard Users and Authorization Profiles
			9.5.7 Security Policies
			9.5.8 Virus Protection
		9.6 Auditing
			9.6.1 Security Audit Log
			9.6.2 Table Logging
			9.6.3 Read Access Logging
			9.6.4 User Information System
			9.6.5 Additional Audit Reports
		9.7 Summary
	10  Monitoring Activities
		10.1 Application Servers and Work Processes
			10.1.1 Application Servers
			10.1.2 Work Processes
			10.1.3 Kernel Snapshots
			10.1.4 Operating System Commands
		10.2 Message Server
		10.3 Gateway Monitor
		10.4 Developer Traces
		10.5 System Messages
		10.6 User Overview
		10.7 System Log
		10.8 Runtime Errors
		10.9 Host Monitoring
			10.9.1 Operating System Monitor
			10.9.2 Executing Operating System Commands
			10.9.3 Uploading and Downloading Files
		10.10 Summary
	11  Performance and Tuning
		11.1 Dialog Steps and Response Time
			11.1.1 Response Time and Its Components
			11.1.2 CPU Time
			11.1.3 Response Time for Online Dialog Steps
			11.1.4 CPIC/RFC Time
			11.1.5 The Problem with the Processing Time
		11.2 Statistical Records
			11.2.1 Stat Record Collection
			11.2.2 Workload Aggregation
		11.3 Monitoring the Workload with Transaction ST03
			11.3.1 Workload Profiles
			11.3.2 Other Functions
			11.3.3 Configuring Retention Periods
			11.3.4 Programmatic Access to Workload Data
		11.4 Working with Statistical Records: Transaction STATS
			11.4.1 Selection Screen
			11.4.2 Output List
			11.4.3 Single Record Details
			11.4.4 Logging Table Access
			11.4.5 Saving Reports in the Database
		11.5 Database Monitors
			11.5.1 Transaction DBACOCKPIT
			11.5.2 SAP HANA Cockpit
		11.6 Monitoring the Servers
		11.7 Memory Management
			11.7.1 Buffers
			11.7.2 SAP Memory
		11.8 Table Buffering
			11.8.1 Buffering Methods
			11.8.2 Changes to Buffered Tables
			11.8.3 Choosing the Buffering Type
			11.8.4 Setting the Buffering Type for a Table
			11.8.5 Table Call Statistics
			11.8.6 Data Analysis
		11.9 Summary
	12  SAP HANA Database Administration
		12.1 Introduction to SAP HANA
			12.1.1 Column Store and Row Store
			12.1.2 SAP HANA Instance and Multitenancy
			12.1.3 SYSTEM Database
			12.1.4 Tenant Databases
			12.1.5 Services and Processes
			12.1.6 Data Persistency
			12.1.7 Backup and Recovery
			12.1.8 System Replication
		12.2 DBA Cockpit for SAP HANA
			12.2.1 Introduction
			12.2.2 Current Status
			12.2.3 Performance
			12.2.4 Configuration
			12.2.5 Jobs
			12.2.6 Diagnostics
			12.2.7 System Information
			12.2.8 Documentation
			12.2.9 System Landscape
		12.3 SAP HANA Cockpit
			12.3.1 Introduction
			12.3.2 Setup and Configuration
			12.3.3 Monitoring and Administration
			12.3.4 Starting and Stopping Instances and Databases
			12.3.5 Configuring the System
			12.3.6 Monitoring Performance
			12.3.7 Installing the SAP HANA License
			12.3.8 Executing SQL Statements
		12.4 SAP HANA Studio
			12.4.1 Setup and Configuration
			12.4.2 Monitoring and Administration
			12.4.3 Starting and Stopping Instances and Databases
			12.4.4 Configuring the System
			12.4.5 Monitoring Performance
			12.4.6 Installing the SAP HANA License
			12.4.7 Executing SQL Statements
		12.5 Command-Line Tools
			12.5.1 Starting and Stopping Instances and Databases
			12.5.2 Monitoring and Administration
			12.5.3 Configuring the System
			12.5.4 Executing SQL Statements
			12.5.5 Using HDBSQL
		12.6 Summary
	13  Development
		13.1 Development Tools
			13.1.1 ABAP Workbench
			13.1.2 ABAP Development Tools for Eclipse
		13.2 Developing a Simple Program
			13.2.1 Create the Program
			13.2.2 Code Walkthrough
			13.2.3 Running the Program
			13.2.4 Transporting the Program
		13.3 Changing SAP Code
		13.4 Creating and Changing Dictionary Objects
			13.4.1 Tables
			13.4.2 Views
			13.4.3 Structures
			13.4.4 CDS Views
			13.4.5 Data Types and Domains
			13.4.6 Search Helps
			13.4.7 Lock Objects
		13.5 Performance Analysis Tools
			13.5.1 SQL Trace
			13.5.2 ABAP Runtime Analysis
		13.6 Summary
	14  Data Archiving
		14.1 Archive Development Kit
		14.2 Archiving Objects
		14.3 Storage Options
			14.3.1 SAP ArchiveLink
			14.3.2 Content Repositories
			14.3.3 Defining Path Names and File Names
		14.4 Preparation Activities
			14.4.1 Database Analysis
			14.4.2 Table Analyses
		14.5 Executing Archiving Runs
			14.5.1 Customizing
			14.5.2 Preprocessing
			14.5.3 Write
			14.5.4 Delete
			14.5.5 Postprocessing or Follow-Up
			14.5.6 Read
			14.5.7 Management
			14.5.8 Reload, Interrupt, and Continue
			14.5.9 Monitoring
			14.5.10 Other Options
		14.6 Access Options for Archived Data
			14.6.1 Direct Access
			14.6.2 Archive Information System
			14.6.3 Document Relationship Browser
			14.6.4 Print Lists
		14.7 Summary
	15  Data Distribution and Transfer
		15.1 Destinations
			15.1.1 Connection Types
			15.1.2 Configuration Data
			15.1.3 Trusted Connections
		15.2 Server Groups and Parallel Processing
		15.3 Transactional RFCs
		15.4 Queued and Background RFCs
			15.4.1 Queued Remote Function Call
			15.4.2 Background Remote Function Call
			15.4.3 Local Data Queue
		15.5 Application Link Enabling
			15.5.1 Technical Basics
			15.5.2 Configuration
			15.5.3 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
		15.6 Data Transfer
			15.6.1 Migration Cockpit
			15.6.2 Batch Input
			15.6.3 Direct Input and BAPI
			15.6.4 Legacy System Migration Workbench and the Data Transfer Workbench
		15.7 Summary
	16  Frontend Components
		16.1 SAP GUI
			16.1.1 Overview
			16.1.2 SAP Logon
			16.1.3 Setting Up an Installation Server
			16.1.4 Installation Scenarios
			16.1.5 Customizing the Logon
		16.2 SAP Fiori and SAP Fiori Launchpad
			16.2.1 Deployment Options
			16.2.2 Accessing the SAP Fiori Launchpad
			16.2.3 ABAP Task Manager
			16.2.4 Configuring SAP Fiori Launchpad for SAP S/4HANA
			16.2.5 Preparing SAP Fiori Applications
			16.2.6 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
		16.3 Summary
	17  Installations and System Copies
		17.1 Software Logistics Toolset
		17.2 Software Provisioning Manger
			17.2.1 Downloading SWPM
			17.2.2 Installing SWPM
			17.2.3 Documentation and SAP Notes
			17.2.4 Maintain Your Own Documentation
		17.3 Installing an SAP S/4HANA System
			17.3.1 Installation Scenario
			17.3.2 SAP HANA Installation
			17.3.3 File Systems
			17.3.4 Downloading the Installation Media
			17.3.5 The sapinst Installation Program
			17.3.6 Installation Logs
			17.3.7 User for Authentication (Linux and UNIX)
			17.3.8 Run #1: Prerequisites Check
			17.3.9 Run #2: Installation
			17.3.10 Postinstallation Activities
		17.4 Copying an SAP S/4HANA System
			17.4.1 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous System Copies
			17.4.2 Renaming an SAP System
			17.4.3 SAP HANA Installation
			17.4.4 System Copy Scenario
			17.4.5 Media for the System Copy
			17.4.6 Actions in Source System before the Backup
			17.4.7 Source System Backup
			17.4.8 Stop the Target System
			17.4.9 Homogeneous System Copy
			17.4.10 Postcopy Activities
		17.5 Deleting an SAP S/4HANA System
		17.6 Summary
	18  Support Packages and Add-ons
		18.1 Release and Maintenance Strategy
		18.2 Software Update Manager
			18.2.1 Downloading SUM
			18.2.2 Installing SUM
			18.2.3 Documentation and SAP Notes
			18.2.4 Maintain Your Own Documentation
		18.3 Maintenance Planner
		18.4 Preparing the Update
			18.4.1 Update Transaction SPAM
			18.4.2 Download Certificate Revocation List
			18.4.3 Upgrade SAP Host Agent
			18.4.4 Register SUM with SAP Host Agent
			18.4.5 Set User for Authentication (Optional)
			18.4.6 Starting SUM
			18.4.7 Disk Space Requirements
			18.4.8 Update Logs
		18.5 Performing the Update
			18.5.1 Extraction Section
			18.5.2 Configuration Section
			18.5.3 Checks Section
			18.5.4 Preprocessing Section
			18.5.5 Execution Section
			18.5.6 Postprocessing Section
			18.5.7 Manual Postupdate Activities
			18.5.8 Resetting SUM
		18.6 Patching with Transaction SPAM
		18.7 Installing Add-Ons
			18.7.1 Maintenance Planner for Add-Ons
			18.7.2 Add-On Installation with SUM
			18.7.3 Add-On Installation with Transaction SAINT
		18.8 Summary
	19  Services and Support
		19.1 SAP Support Portal and SAP ONE Support Launchpad
		19.2 SAP for ME
		19.3 SAP Notes and Knowledge Base Articles
		19.4 Report an Incident
		19.5 View Incidents
		19.6 Software Downloads
		19.7 Manage Users
		19.8 Request License Keys
		19.9 Manage Remote Connections
		19.10 Additional Sources
			19.10.1 Product Documentation
			19.10.2 SAP Community
			19.10.3 openSAP
			19.10.4 SAP Learning
			19.10.5 SAP Learning Hub
			19.10.6 SAP Training and Adoption
		19.11 Summary
	20  A Day in the Life of an SAP System Administrator
		20.1 Daily Tasks
		20.2 Weekly Tasks
		20.3 Monthly Tasks
		20.4 Summary
	21  Installing Your Own System
		21.1 SAP Cloud Appliance Library
			21.1.1 Configuration and Navigation Overview
			21.1.2 Create an Account and Subscription in the Public Cloud
			21.1.3 Set Up Your SAP Cloud Appliance Library
			21.1.4 Deploying Solutions
			21.1.5 Connect to Your System and Start Using the Software
		21.2 SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP Developer Edition
			21.2.1 Installation Activities
			21.2.2 Retrieve the Hardware Key and Request the SAP License
			21.2.3 Uninstallation Instructions
		21.3 Summary
	Appendices
		A  References and Further Reading
			A.1 SAP Documentation and Manuals
			A.2 SAP Product Support
			A.3 Further Reading by SAP PRESS
		B  The Authors
	Index