Safe Haven: The United Kingdom's Investigations into Nazi Collaborators and the Failure of Justice

Cover
Safe Haven: The United Kingdom’s Investigations into Nazi Collaborators and the Failure of Justice
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Illustrations
	Maps
	Figures
Introduction: Whither Justice?
	Beyond Nuremberg
	The UK Faces its Past
	Command Responsibility and Jewish Victims
	Investigating the Investigators
	The Soviet Conundrum
	The Belorussian Context
	Conclusion
1: Law Meets War
	Responding to a New Kind of ‘Conflict’
	Why Not a Civilian Rather Than Military Inquiry?
	The Discovery of Bergen-Belsen
	Becoming a War Crimes Investigator
	Whither Intelligence?
	The Crime Club
	Limiting the Scope of Investigations
	Conclusion
2: The Soviet Hunt for War Criminals Who Fled to the West
	The Moscow Declaration
	The Zvarich Case
	Avto Pardzhadnadze and the Caucasian Company
	Janowska Road
	The Goetzfrid Case
	Nikolai Popko
	Andrei Bakunovich
	Pavel Budarkevich
	Conclusion
3: The Latvian Death Commando
	The Svikeris Case
	Soldiers or Murderers?
	The Killings in Belorussia
	A Priority One Killer but no Prosecution
	The Written Word versus Live Witnesses
	Slipping through the Net
	The Deportable Konrad Kalejs
	The Horror of Salaspils
	The Post-WarJourney of Kalejs
	Conclusion
4: Gecas and the Failure of Law
	Scotland’s War Crimes Trial
	Gecevicius the Suspect
	The 12th Lithuanian Police Battalion and Its Crimes
	Gecas in Belorussia
	Gecas Post-Warand Under Investigation
	Where Were the Witnesses?
	Friction with the OSI
	The Final Act
	Conclusion
5: Serafinowicz, the Belorussian Nationalist from Mir
	Introduction
	The ‘Treasure’ in the Archives
	The Investigation Gathers Pace
	Serafinowicz Speaks
	What Drove Serafinowicz?
	The Evidence
	Why Didn’t Serafinowicz Stand Trial?
	The Retreat from Mir
	Serafinowicz Under Investigation
	Belorussian Emigres and Nationalism
	Operation Post Report
	Conclusion
6: Sawoniuk, the Unexpected Conviction
	Introduction
	Analysing Sawoniuk
	The Soviet Union’s ‘Most Wanted’
	A Border Town Under Occupation
	Anti-Semitism
	The Circumstantial Evidence
	The Aktion
	Identification and Eyewitnesses
	The Killers Retreat
	Sawoniuk and the Extraordinary State Commission
	Enter (Belatedly) the Historians
	Conclusion
7: Slonim, Secrets and Spies
	Introduction
	Slonim
	A Stepson’s Suspicions
	The ‘Evidence’
	Chrzanowski Post-War, the Missing Years
	What Role Did MI6 Play?
	The Belarus Secrets
	Conclusion
Afterword: Legacies and Holocaust Awareness
	Introduction
	The Damasevicius Case
	Deprivation of Citizenship
	Holocaust Awareness
	Holocaust Education
	Bearing Witness
	Conclusion
Bibliography
	Primary Sources
	Archival Sources
	Hansard
	Hartley Library
	Imperial War Museum
	International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg (IMT)
	National Records of Scotland (Edinburgh)
	United Kingdom National Archives Storage Facility Hayes, Middlesex
	United States Department of Justice
	United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
	University of Southern California
	War Crimes Inquiries
	Wiener Library, London
	Published Primary Sources
	Unpublished Material
	Interviews, Emails, and Correspondence
	Internet Sites Accessed
	Secondary Sources
Index