Routledge Handbook on the Sciences in Islamicate Societies: Practices from the 2nd/8th to the 13th/19th Centuries

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
List of contributors
List of abbreviations
List of figures
List of tables
List of boxes
Preface
Introduction
Part I Late Antiquity, translating and the formation of the sciences in Islamicate polities (1st bh–7th/5th–13th centuries)
	I.1 Translation as an enduring and widespread cultural practice
	I.2 Multiple translation activities
	I.3 Translations in the mathematical sciences
	I.4 Translations of medical and occult texts into Arabic and Syriac and their contexts after 80/700
	I.5 Geometry and its branches
	I.6 The astral sciences through the 7th/13th century: Attitudes, experts and practices
	I.7 Algebra and arithmetic
	I.8 Optics: experiments and applications
	I.9 Automata and balances
	I.10 Medicine
	I.11 Natural philosophy
	I.12 Alchemy and the chemical crafts
	I.13 Geography and mapmaking
	I.14 Physiognomy: science of intuition
	I.15 The Hieroglyphic script deciphered? An Arabic treatise on ancient and occult alphabets
	I.16 Practices of Zoroastrian scholars before and after the advent of Islam
	I.17 Evaluating the past: scholarly views of ancient societies and their sciences
Part II Scientific practices at courts, observatories and hospitals (2nd–13th/8th–19th centuries)
	II.1 The emergence of Persian as a language of science
	II.2 The emergence of a new scholarly language: the case of Ottoman Turkish
	II.3 Imperial demand and support
	II.4 The practice of pharmacy in later medieval Egypt
	II.5 Ottoman and Safavid health practices and institutions
	II.6 Planetary theory
	II.7 Practices of celestial observation in the Islamicate world
	II.8 The practical aspects of Ottoman maps
	II.9 Another scientific revolution: the occult sciences in theory and experimentalist practice
	II.10 Arts, sciences and princely patronage at Islamicate courts (4th/10th–11th/17th centuries)
	II.11 Physiognomy (ʿilm-i firāset) and politics at the Ottoman court
Part III Learning and collecting institutions – debates and methods (3rd–13th/9th–19th centuries)
	III.1 Libraries – beginnings, diffusion and consolidation
	III.2 Madrasas and the sciences
	III.3 Scientific matters in kalām (theology)
	III.4 Ashʿarite occasionalist cosmology, al-Ghazālī and the pursuit of the natural sciences in Islamicate societies
	III.5 The role of sense perception and experience (tajriba) in Arabic theories of science
	III.6 Logic: didactics and visual representations
	III.7 Medical commentaries
	III.8 Textual genres and visual representations in the astral sciences
Part IV The materiality of the sciences (3rd–13th/9th–19th centuries)
	IV.1 The materiality of scholarship
	IV.2 Three-dimensional astronomy: celestial globes and armillary spheres
	IV.3 Projecting the heavens: astrolabes
	IV.4 Medical instruments
	IV.5 Alchemical equipment
	IV.6 Water and technology in the Islamicate world
	IV.7 Arts and sciences in the Islamicate world
Part V Centers, regions, empires and the outskirts (3rd–113th/9th–19th centuries)
	V.1 Mathematical knowledge fields in the Islamicate world: similarities and differences
	V.2 Jewish mathematical activities in medieval Islamicate societies and border zones
	V.3 Patronage and the practice of astrology in al-Andalus and the Maghrib
	V.4 Anwāʾ and mīqāt in calendars and almanacs of the societies of al-Andalus and the far Maghrib
	V.5 Scholarly communities dedicated to the sciences in al-Andalus
	V.6 Post-Avicennan natural philosophy
	V.7 Cool and calming as the rose: pharmaceutical texts as tools of regional medical practices in early modern India
	V.8 Medical practices and cross-cultural interactions in Persianate South Asia
	V.9 Premodern Ottoman perspectives on natural phenomena
	V.10 Scientific practices in sub-Saharan Africa
	V.11 Medical practices in Tibet in intercultural contexts
	V.12 Islamicate astral sciences in eastern Eurasia during the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)
	V.13 Collation and articulation of Arabo-Persian scientific texts in early modern China
	V.14 The multiplicity of translating communities in the Iberian Peninsula (12th–13th centuries)
Part VI Encounters, conflicts, changes (4th–13th/10th–19th centuries)
	VI.1 Cross-communal scholarly interactions
	VI.2 Which is the right qibla?
	VI.3 Were philosophers considered heretics in Islam?
	VI.4 Systems of knowledge: debating organization and changing relationships
	VI.5 Embassies, trading posts, travelers and missionaries
	VI.6 The sciences in two private libraries from Ottoman Syria
	VI.7 13th/19th-century narratives and translations of science in the South Asian Islamicate world
Consolidated Bibliography
Index