Routledge handbook of global populism

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Notes on contributors
1. Global populism: histories, trajectories, problems, and challenges
	1. Studying populism: from mass society to discursive and political theories
	2. Challenging inequalities and politicizing differences
	3. Populist links: charisma, organizations, and the mass media
	4. Populism as a regime
	5. Conclusions
	Notes
	References
PART I: Contemporary theories of populism
	Introduction to Part I
	2. Laclau’s theory of populism: a critical review
		The novelty of Laclau’s approach to populism
		Populism as democracy and the neutralizing role of indirect democracy
		The rationale of populism
		Critical reflections on the Laclaunian conception of populism
		Laclau’s theory and contemporary political expressions of populism
		Notes
		References
	3. Populism as a political strategy
		Introduction
		Evolution of the approach
		Divisions and debates
		Advantages of the political approach
		Conclusion
		References
	4. The ideational approach
		Origins
		Content of the approach
		Current research
		The ideational approach vs. the others
		Conclusion: critical reflections and future work
		References
PART II:Populism and political and social theory
	Introduction to Part II
	5. Antiestablishment and the substitution of the whole with one of its parts
		1. The part and the whole
		2. Pars pro parte, or back to factions
		3. At the root of the moral ideology of populism
		4. At the roots of the discursive strategy
		5. The insufferable few
		6. Populism’s antiestablishment
		7. Antiestablishment is democratic
		8. Democracy’s diarchy
		9. Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	6. Civil society, populism, and religion
		1. Civil society and democracy
		2. Populism and civil society
		3. Populism and religion
		4. Conclusion: civil society vs. populism and political religion
		Notes
		References
	7. Populist constitutionalism
		Introduction
		Populism and constitutionalism
		Populist constitutionalism deconstructed
		Concluding remarks
		Notes
		References
	8. Twisting representation
		Introduction
		Defining populism and leadership
		Ambivalences
		Tensions within democratic representation
		The populist twist
		The relationship between the leader and the people
		The threat for democracy
		Notes
		References
PART III:The populist politicization of inequalities and differences
	Introduction to Part III
	9. Left, right, and the populist structuring of political competition
		Populism’s political logic
		Donald Trump and political realignment in the U.S.
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	10. The emergence of ethno-populism in Latin America
		A brief history of ethno-populism in Latin America
		The transformation of populism in Latin America
		Inclusive versus exclusionary ethno-populism
		Ethno-populism and democracy in Latin America
		Conclusion
		References
	11. Islamic populism and the politics of neoliberal inequalities
		Historical trajectories
		Islamic populism and social contradictions
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	12. Populism and race in the United States from George Wallace to Donald Trump
		Introduction
		George Wallace
		Richard Nixon
		The populist promise of Jesse Jackson
		Pat Buchanan
		The Tea Party
		Trumpism
		References
	13. Populism, migration, and xenophobia in Europe
		Introduction
		Populism: historical trajectory, main perspectives, and debates
		Causes of populism
		Political representation and the success of populist formations
		Manifestations of populism:
		Manifestations of populism: ‘enemy politics’ as a populist
alternative to democratic representation
		Conclusions
		References
PART IV:Populism and the media
	Introduction to Part IV
	14. Populism as media and communication phenomenon
		Introduction
		Populism as a communication phenomenon
		The elements of populist rhetoric
		Populist critique of the media
		Media and populist politics
		Populist communication and liberal-progressive democracy
		Conclusion
		References
	15. Populism and media in Western Europe
		Western European populism and old media
		Western European populism and new media
		Political populism versus media populism in Western Europe
		The hybridization of populist political communication in Western Europe
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	16. Donald Trump, American populism and affective media
		Introduction
		Populism, antagonism and enjoyment
		Conservative networks and media populism
		Mediatization and individuated publics of enjoyment
		Affective media labour and jouissance
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
PART V:Between democratization and authoritarianism
	Introduction to Part V
	17. The influence of populist leaders on African democracy
		Party politics in South Africa and Zambia: the ascendance of populism
		Authoritarian legacies of populist governance
		Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	18. Populism and democracy in Europe
		Two concepts of populism
		Vox populi, vox dei
		What is the people?
		Populism as a theory of democracy
		The European political arrangement: representative democracy plus social market economy
		The chameleonic nature of European populism
		The crisis as window of opportunity for populism in Europe
		Is democracy under threat in Europe?
		Conclusion
		References
	19. Radical left-wing populism and democracy in Europe
		1. Introduction
		2. The “people”: a new “historical bloc”
		3. Social imaginary
		4. “Democracia real, ya”
		5. Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	20. Fascism and populism
		The emergence of modern populism in Latin America
		Fascists into Peronists
		Conclusion
		References
	21. Populism and authoritarianism
		1. Historical trajectories
		2. Main approach
		3. Critical debates: what are the crucial factors?
		4. Critical reflection: the differences between populism and fascism
		5. Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	22. Populism and competitive authoritarianism in Latin America
		Cases
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
PART VIRegional trajectories
	Introduction to Part VI
	23. Populism in Africa and the potential for “ethnically blind” politics
		Populism in the African context
		Inclusive and exclusive populism in Africa
		The future for populism in Africa
		Notes
		References
	24. Movement leaders, oligarchs, technocrats and autocratic mavericks: populists in contemporary Asia
		History: anti-colonial, developmental and electoral populists
		Asia’s populists and their approaches: four case studies
		Scholarly disputes: how democratic and effective are Asia’s populists?
		Asian populists and global populism studies
		Conclusion and outlook
		References
	25. Populism in the Middle East
		1. Introduction
		2. Populism in Iran
		3. Populism in Turkey
		4. Populism in Israel
		5. Conclusions
		Notes
		References
	26. Populism in the U.S.
		Introduction
		Historical overview
		Perspectives
		Debates: left or right?
		Reflections: between movements and the state, the rational and the irrational
		Conclusion: moving forward (or backward?)
		Notes
		References
	27. From left to right and beyond: the defense of populism
		The uncomfortable relationship
		Left-wing populism as the “good” populism
		Right-wing populism as the self-defense of the people
		The impossible alliance?
		Conclusion – unwrapping the gift
		References
	28. Populist waves in Latin America: continuities, twists, and ruptures
		1. Transition and social change in populisms
		2. Charismatic leadership, heroism, and the instability of populism
		3. Democracy and populism: futile reconciliation attempts
		4. Conclusions
		Notes
		References
		Quoted speeches
	29. The missing piece in global populism: the role populism played in Central America
		Making sense of the recurrent emergence of populism in Latin America
		A lack of populism or a myopia of analytical lenses?
		Central America: a multiplicity of political scenarios
		Conclusions and a call for further research
		Note
		References
	30. Epilogue: areas for future research
		Minimal or classical definitions
		The diffusion of populism
		Looking at populism from the global south
		Gender and populism
		Populism, authoritarianism, and democratization
		References
Index