Research Methods in Dentistry

Preface
List of Abbreviations
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Dental Research
	1.1 What Is Research?
	1.2 Types of Dental Research
		1.2.1 Based on the Time
		1.2.2 Based on the Location
		1.2.3 Based on the Type of Data
		1.2.4 Based on the Application
			1.2.4.1 Fundamental or Basic Research
			1.2.4.2 Applied Research
			1.2.4.3 Developmental Research
		1.2.5 Based on the Main Question or Objective
			1.2.5.1 Exploratory Research
			1.2.5.2 Descriptive Research
			1.2.5.3 Analytical or Explanatory Research
	1.3 Selecting the Research Topic
		1.3.1 How to Find the Field or Area of Interest?
			1.3.1.1 By Accident or Personal Curiosity
			1.3.1.2 Previous Studies
			1.3.1.3 Research Priorities of Research Centers or Funding Centers
		1.3.2 How to Determine the Research Topic?
			1.3.2.1 Observing
			1.3.2.2 Thinking
	1.4 Handling Large Volume of Literatures as New Challenge in Performing Research
		1.4.1 What Resources?
		1.4.2 How to Read?
	References
Chapter 2: Design Cycle of Research
	2.1 What Is the Design Cycle?
	2.2 Investigation (Formulating the Hypothesis)
		2.2.1 Analysis of the Collected Information
		2.2.2 Formulating the Research Question
		2.2.3 Decision-Making About the Different Solutions for the Research Question
		2.2.4 Formulating the Hypothesis
	2.3 Designing a Plan (Writing the Proposal)
	2.4 Performing the Research (Hypothesis Testing)
	2.5 Evaluation (Data Interpretation)
	References
Chapter 3: Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Research in Dentistry
	3.1 What Is the Purpose and the Process?
	3.2 Formulating Review Questions
	3.3 Determining the Search Strategy (Documenting the Methodology)
		3.3.1 Choosing the Keywords
		3.3.2 Selecting Databases
		3.3.3 Boolean Searching and Selection Criteria
	3.4 Performing the Review and Searching Studies by Using MeSH
	3.5 Quality Assessment
	3.6 Extracting Data from Studies (Descriptive Analysis)
	3.7 Data Synthesis and Evaluation
	References
Chapter 4: Writing a Research Proposal
	4.1 What are the Requirements?
	4.2 Title
	4.3 Statement of the Problem/Significance
	4.4 Specific Aims
	4.5 Literature Review (Justification and Feasibility)
	4.6 Research Design
		4.6.1 Type of Research
		4.6.2 Subjects, Sampling Method, Sample Size
		4.6.3 Data Collection
		4.6.4 Data Analysis
		4.6.5 Potential Pitfalls and Alternate Approaches
	4.7 Timetable
	4.8 Budget and Personnel
	4.9 Core Review Criteria
	References
		Additional Resources
Chapter 5: Scientific/Clinical Research Report
	5.1 When Should You Start?
	5.2 Title
	5.3 Abstract
	5.4 Introduction
	5.5 Materials and Methods
	5.6 Results
	5.7 Discussion and Conclusion
	5.8 Acknowledgment/Conflict of Interest
	5.9 References
	5.10 Submission of a Manuscript
	References
Chapter 6: Reference Management in Scientific Writing
	6.1 When and How Should You Cite a Reference in Your Text?
	6.2 The Digital Style (Numbered Method)
	6.3 Author-Date Style (Annotated Method)
	6.4 EndNote Software
	6.5 Mendeley Software
	References
		Additional Resources
Chapter 7: Ethics in Dental Research
	7.1 Why Do We Need Ethics in Research?
	7.2 Ethics in Human Studies
	7.3 Ethics in Animal Studies
	7.4 Ethics in Manuscript Writing
	References
		Additional Resources
Index