Repair, Do-It-Yourself and Circular Economy: Alternative Practices for Sustainable Consumption

Preface
Contents
About the Authors
Repair, Do-It-Yourself, Use for a Longer Period of Time
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Repair Cafés, Maker Spaces and Social Movements of Do-It-Yourself and Repairing
	3	 Societal Contexts, Product Life Cycles, Historical Development and the Discussion About the Prosumer
	4	 Do-It-Yourself and Repair as Components of a Circular Economy?
	5	 Do-It-Yourself, Repair and Circular Economy – Approaches and Perspectives
	References
How Much Consumption Is Still In Prosumption?
	1	 Prosumption Everywhere! Consumption Nowhere?
	2	 What Is the Difference Between Consumption and Prosumption? The Ready-Made Status of Goods and Services
	3	 Is Leisure (‘Muße’) the Real Mystery of Modern Consumption?
	References
Do-It-Yourself and the Order of Economy and Society
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Prosuming – A Supply Strategy of the Consumer Age
	3	 Disciplining and Emancipation
	4	 Market and Market Avoidance
	5	 Inclusion and Exclusion
	6	 Rethinking Consumption – With History
	References
About the Way We Deal with Things
	1	 Introduction and Problem Definition
	2	 Terminology in Dealing with Things
	3	 The Handling of Things in the Course of History
	4	 Forms and Problems of Dealing with Things Today
	5	 Aspects of a Sustainable Way of Dealing with Things
	References
A Norwegian Circular Economy?
	1	 Introduction
	2	 From Ethics to Visions and Imaginaries
	3	 Circular Economy: An Emerging Sociotechnical Imaginary?
	4	 Background: Norway and Future in Our Hand’s Early Consumption Critique
	5	 Case Overview
		5.1	 Case 1: “Reduced Consumption Through Increased Reuse, Repair and Redesign”
		5.2	 Case 2: ‘Reimagining’ Public Libraries
	6	 Norwegian Vanguard Visions of Circularity?
	References
“Doing Value”: How Practices of Assigning Meaning Influence the Usetime of Devices
	1	 The Socio-ecological Relevance of Long Usetimes of Electronic Devices
	2	 Theoretical Foundation
		2.1	 Research on Usetime of Electronic Devices
		2.2	 Usetime from a Practical Theory Perspective
		2.3	 Conception of Device Valuations
	3	 Methodological Design
	4	 The Model “Doing Value”
		4.1	 Multidimensionality of Usetime
		4.2	 Characterisation of Value Assignments
		4.3	 Sequence of the Phases of Use
		4.4	 Device Replacement
	5	 Possibilities of Applicability of the Model
		5.1	 Recommendations for the Promotion of Long Usetimes
		5.2	 Focus on Mobile Phones
		5.3	 Focus Washing Machine
	6	 Conclusion
	References
Incentives, Guarantees, Prohibitions? Consumer Policy Measures to Promote Sustainable Products and Their Support by Consumers
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Survey Method and Sample
	3	 Results
		3.1	 Approval of Consumer Policy Measures
		3.2	 Modelling Attitudes Towards Consumption Policies
		3.3	 Consumption Policy Types
	4	 Summary and Conclusion
	References
Is Sustainable Already “Normal”? Sustainability as a Consumption Compass and Self-Moralisation in Dealing with Consumer Goods
	1	 Introduction: Sustainability as a Normative Frame work
	2	 Theoretical Framework: Sustainability as a (Consumption) Compass
	3	 (Self-)Moralization in Dealing with Goods
	4	 Research Design: Is Sustainable (Already) “Normal”?
	5	 Consumption Practices, Sustainable Use of Goods and (Over)Moralisation. A Look at the Study Results
		5.1	 Sustainable Consumption Practices – Use longer or Throw Away more Often?
		5.2	 Sustainable Consumption Practices as a Result of Communicative Processes
	6	 Conclusion: Not Quite “Normal”, But Morally Important
	References
Unsettled DIY Urbanism
	1	 Introduction
	2	 DIY Urbanism
	3	 Research Perspective and Context
	4	 “Look there, free repair”
	5	 “By malt and hops, darning socks”
	6	 Publics by Repairing
	7	 Outlook
	References
Repair and Do-It-Yourself Urbanism: Good Practice in London and Berlin
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Methodology
	3	 Examples from London and Berlin
		3.1	 Repair Initiatives
		3.2	 Open Workshops
		3.3	 FabLabs and Makerspaces
		3.4	 Material Storage and Scrapstores
		3.5	 Swapping and Lending
	4	 Repair and DIY Urbanism Between Civil Society, State and Market Economy Influences
	5	 Sustainability and Resilience Effects of R&DIY Practices
		5.1	 Conservation of Resources
		5.2	 Social Aspects
	6	 Enabling and Constraining Conditions for R&DIY Practices
		6.1	 Economic Framework Conditions
		6.2	 Quality and Availability of (Used) Products and Materials
		6.3	 Laws, Directives and Technical Standards
		6.4	 Required Knowledge and Practical Skills and Their Dissemination
		6.5	 Motivations and Values
	7	 Conclusions
	References
Potentials of Alternative Consumption Models for Sustainable Development
	1	 Introduction
	2	 Obsolescence and Alternative Consumption Models in the Context of National and International Strategies
	3	 Practical Applications and Savings Potentials of Alternative Consumption Models
		3.1	 Sustainable Products and Services
		3.2	 Clothing and Textiles
		3.3	 Electronics
	4	 Perspectives from Practice: Output of the Workshop “Consumption Models in Transition” (18 November 2019)
		4.1	 Challenges from the Perspective of Providers and Users
			4.1.1	 Image and Communication
			4.1.2	 Costs
			4.1.3	 Premises and Location
			4.1.4	 Time and Skills
		4.2	 Recommendations for Action
			4.2.1	 Introduction of a CO2 Tax
			4.2.2	 Fiscal Incentives and Storage Possibilities
			4.2.3	 Legal Standards for the Designation of Products
			4.2.4	 Using Social Media
			4.2.5	 Making Use of Digitisation
			4.2.6	 Product Design
			4.2.7	 Public Procurement as a Driving Force
	5	 User Perspectives from the Field for Further Policy Development
	References