Recent Trends in Mechanical Engineering: Select Proceedings of ICIME 2019 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Analysis Over Trio-Tube with Dual Thermal Communication Surface Heat Exchanger [T.T.H.Xr.]
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
	3 Methodology
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Experimental Study of Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Palm Kernel Methyl Ester with Ethanol Additive: A Fuzzy-Based Optimization Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Fuel Properties
		2.2 Experimental Work
		2.3 Properties of Additive
	3 Fuzzy Modeling
		3.1 Fuzzy Logic Control
		3.2 Fuzzification
		3.3 Defuzzification
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Performance Parameters
		4.2 Emission Parameters
		4.3 Fuzzy Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Alumina Nanoparticles on Performance and Emission Study of DICI Engine Fuelled by Cymbopogon Flexuosus
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Fuel: Cymbopogon Flexuosus
	3 Synthesis and Characterization of Alumina Nanoparticles
		3.1 Test Fuels Preparation
	4 Experimental Setup and Procedure
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Performance Analysis
		5.2 Combustion Analysis
		5.3 Emission Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Study and Analysis of Blended Fuel on Single-Cylinder Naturally Aspirated Diesel Engine with Biofuels Coupled with EGR
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
	3 Experimental Setup
	4 Result and Discussions
		4.1 Brake Specific Fuel Consumption
		4.2 Brake Thermal Efficiency
		4.3 Emissions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Thermal Analysis of Drilled and Slotted Brake Rotors
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Types of Brake Rotors
		3.1 Solid and Ventilated Rotor
		3.2 Cross Drilled Rotor
		3.3 Slotted Rotor
		3.4 Geometric Cross Section of Rotors
	4 Design of Brake Rotor
	5 Heat Flux Calculations
	6 Structural Analysis of Rotors
	7 Steady-State Thermal Analysis of Brake Rotors
		7.1 Steady-State Thermal Analysis of Cross-Drilled Rotor
		7.2 Steady-State Thermal Analysis of Slotted Rotor
	8 Conclusion
	References
Non-premixed Combustion Analysis on Micro-Gas Turbine Combustor Using LPG and Natural Gas
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Combustion Chamber
		2.1 Design of the Combustor Using Modeling Tool
		2.2 Simulations Using CFD Technique
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Effect of Radiation Model
		3.2 Effect of Dead Zone Condition
		3.3 Effect of Number of Rows on Flame Tube
		3.4 Effect of Flame Tube Holes Diameter
	4 Effect of Chamber Length
	5 Conclusions
	References
Life Cycle Assessment of a 100 kWp Solar PV-Based Electric Power Generation System in India
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 LCA of Solar PV-Based Electric Power Generation System: A Case Study
		3.1 Goal and Scope of the Study
		3.2 Inventory Analysis
		3.3 Environmental Impact Assessment
		3.4 Results/Metrics
		3.5 Modeling and Simulation Results
		3.6 Comparative Results and Analysis
		3.7 Improvement Analysis
	4 Summary and Conclusions
	References
Performance, Combustion, and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel/Diesel Blends with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO)
		3.2 Determination of Fuel Properties
		3.3 Preparation of Nanofluids
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Performance Parameter
		4.2 Combustion Parameters
	5 Emission Parameter
		5.1 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
		5.2 Carbon Monoxide (CO)
		5.3 Unburnt Hydrocarbon (UBHC)
		5.4 Smoke Opacity
	6 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Multiple Injection Strategy on Combustion of Cotton Seed Oil Biodiesel in CRDI Diesel Engine
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Engine Setup
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Biodiesel Characteristics
	4 Conclusions
	References
Combustion and Emission Behaviour of Honge Biofuel in a Thermal Barrier Coated Diesel Engine Suitable for Agriculture
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Fuel Preparation
		2.2 Engine Operating Conditions
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Carbon Monoxide Emission (CO)
		3.2 Unburnt Hydrocarbon Emission (HC)
		3.3 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
		3.4 Smoke Emission
		3.5 Cylinder Peak Pressure
		3.6 Heat Release Rate (HRR)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Analysis on Emission Characteristics of Palmarosa Alkyl Group Biofuel Feedstock
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Materials and Methods
		2.1 Test Fuel Preparation
		2.2 Engine Tests
		2.3 Test Fuel Preparation
	3 Results and Discourse
		3.1 Total Unburned Hydrocarbon (THC)
		3.2 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
		3.3 Carbon Monoxide (CO)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Development of Solar Turbine for Small-Scale Industries
	1 Introduction
	2 Solar Power Systems
	3 Design of Solar Turbine
	4 Design Philosophy
	5 Principle of Operation
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Work
	References
Performance and Emission on Raw Vegetable Oil with Hydrogen-Enriched Air for Better Combustion in a DICI Engine
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Experimental Method
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Investigation on Stir Casting Processing and Properties of Al 6082/SiC Metal Matrix Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Mechanical Stir Casting Process
		2.2 Manufactured al 6082/SiC MMCs Specimen Information
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Hardness Observations
		3.2 Tensile Strength Observations
		3.3 Microstructural Observations
	4 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Change in Focal Plane Position on Hole Characteristics of Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Micro Drilled Holes
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation Details
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Effect of Change in Focal Plane Position on the Entry Diameter of the Hole at Various Laser Powers
		4.2 Effect of Change in Focal Plane Position on the Entry Diameter of the Hole at Various Laser Powers
		4.3 Effect of Change in Focal Plane Position on the Taper Angle of the Hole at Various Laser Powers
	5 Conclusions
	References
Production Planning of Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using an Efficient Multiobjective Function Considering Failure of Different Machines in Production Unit
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Problem Statement
		3.1 Nomenclature
		3.2 Sample Calculations
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Selection of Problem
		4.2 Problem Formulation
		4.3 When All the Machines Are Working
		4.4 When Machine-1 Fails
		4.5 When Machine-2 Fails
		4.6 When Machine-3 Fails
		4.7 Only One Machine Working
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Investigation of Ball Burnishing Process Parameters Optimization for Al 5083 Using Taguchi Method
	1 Introduction
		1.1 The Work Objectives
		1.2 Methodology
	2 Review of the Literature
	3 Design of Burnishing Tool in 2D Model
		3.1 Fabrication of Ball Burnishing Tool
		3.2 Fabrication of Work Piece
	4 Stir Casting Process
	5 Experimental Investigation
	6 Aluminum Composition
		6.1 Preparation of Workpiece for Burnishing Process on Lathe Machine
	7 Results and Discussions
	8 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Investigation on Strength of Friction Stir Welded Al 6061-T6 Alloy Joints with Varying Oblique Angle
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Study on Performance of 3D-Printed EDM Electrode with Conventional EDM Electrode
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Problem Statement
	4 Research Methodology
		4.1 Modeling of EDM Electrode
		4.2 Fabrication of EDM Electrode
		4.3 Experimental Investigation
		4.4 Measurements of Responses
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Effect of High-Power Intensity on Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium—Steel Dissimilar Joints Made by Electron Beam Welding
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Review
	2 Materials and Methodology
		2.1 Sample Preparation
		2.2 SEM and EDX
		2.3 Hardness Measurement
		2.4 Corrosion Testing
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Microstructural Evaluation
		3.2 Hardness Measurement
		3.3 Corrosion Testing
	4 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation and Impacts on Mechanical Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Copper 2200 Alloy
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methodology
	3 Experimental Method
	4 Result and Discussions
		4.1 Tensile Testing
		4.2 Hardness Testing
		4.3 Impact Testing
		4.4 Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)
		4.5 Yield Strength
		4.6 Percentage Elongation
		4.7 Analysis of Impact Strength
	5 Conclusion
	References
Error Compensation Strategies for Workpiece Deflection During End Milling of Thin-Walled Straight and Curved Geometries
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Experimental and Computational Work
		3.1 Error Prediction Using Model (MATLAB)
		3.2 Offline Toolpath Error Compensation
		3.3 Experimental Procedure for Error Characterization, Compensation, and Validation
		3.4 Error Recompense Authentication on a CNC Machine Center
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Effects of Micro-EDM Parameters on the Surface Integrity of the Micro-Holes Fabricated on Nickel Sheet
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation
		2.1 Machine Tools
		2.2 Workpiece, Tool, and Dielectric
		2.3 Experimental Procedure
		2.4 Instruments Used for Measurements and Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Investigation on Recast Layer Thickness (RLT)
		3.2 Investigation on Micro-Hardness of the Machined Holes
		3.3 Investigation on Metallurgical Changes at the Machined Holes
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Study on Welding of Thin Sheet of Ti6-Al-4V Alloy Using Fiber Laser and Its Characterization
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Experimental Procedure
		2.1 Material Selection
		2.2 Experimental Setup
		2.3 Sample Preparation
		2.4 Experimental Parameters and Processing Conditions
		2.5 Experiment Procedure
		2.6 Output Parameters
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Morphological Study
		3.2 Micro-Hardness
		3.3 Tensile Test
		3.4 FESEM
	4 Conclusions
	References
Tool-Wear Measurement Using Parametric Optimization and Image Processing of Drilling in Al6063–Al2O3 MMC
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Experimental Design and Fabrication
	3 Drilling Operation Process and Measurement of Tool Wear
	4 Image Processing and Capturing of Images
	5 Parametric Optimization
	6 Conclusions
	References
Parametric Optimization for PA2200 Quality Prototype Fabricating Process (Selective Laser Sintering) by Taguchi Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Selective Laser Sintering
	3 Experimental Design
	4 Arithmetic Average Height (Ra)
	5 Results and Analysis
		5.1 Analysis of the Experimental Results
		5.2 Signal to Noise (S/N) Investigation
	6 Recognition of Significant Parameters
	7 Confirmation Test
	8 Conclusions
	References
Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System by Hybridizing Petri Net with Improved Scatter Search Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Improved Scatter Search (ISS)
		3.2 Petri Net Dispatching Rules
		3.3 Dispatching Rules
	4 Problem Description
		4.1 Input Data for Test Problems
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Dispatching Rules
		5.2 Hybrid Petrinet with Dispatching Rules
		5.3 Result of Hybrid Petrinet with ISS Algorithm
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Image Processing Approach for Detecting Solidification Crack in Pipeline Girth Welds
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Investigation to Optimize Process Parameters in Drilling Operation for Composite Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Investigation
		2.1 Taguchi Parameter for Drilling Process
	3 Observation
	4 Optimization by Minitab Software
		4.1 Optimization of Parameters
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Hardness Characteristics of Grinding Wheel Using Al2O3 with Boron Nitride
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology of Research
	4 Experimental Test Procedure
		4.1 Grinding Wheel Hardness Test
		4.2 Measurement of Grinding Wheel Morphology
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Grinding Wheel Hardness
		5.2 Grinding Wheel Morphology and Grain Topography
	6 Characterization of Aluminum Oxide with Boron Nitride Particles
	7 Conclusion
	References
Optimization of Process Parameters on EDM for Inconel 718
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Work Piece Material
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Signal to Noise Ratio of MRR with Copper Electrode on Inconel 718
		3.2 ANOVA for of MRR with Copper Electrode by EDM on Inconel 718
		3.3 Signal to Noise Ratio of MRR with Graphite Electrode on Inconel 718
		3.4 ANOVA for of MRR with Graphite Electrode by EDM on Inconel 718
	4 Conclusions
	References
Profile Optimization in Tooltip for FSW Process—A Numerical Investigation
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Stability Investigation
		2.2 Thermal Investigation
		2.3 Transient Investigation
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Composition and Process Parameter on Mechanical Properties of Composite Coating by Laser Cladding: An Overview
	1 Introduction
	2 Types of Laser and Cladding Processes
	3 Process Parameter of Laser Cladding
		3.1 Scanning Speed
		3.2 Laser Power
		3.3 Powder Feed Rate
		3.4 Overlapping Factor and Pulse Duration
		3.5 Composition of Cladded Coating
	4 Effect on Performances
		4.1 Microhardness
		4.2 Wear Resistance and Friction Coefficient
		4.3 Corrosion Resistance
		4.4 Adhesive Strength
	5 Inference and Scope of Future Research
	References
Influence of ZrB2 Particles on Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of AA7075/ZrB2 In-Situ Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedures
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Sliding Velocity
		3.2 Sliding Distance
		3.3 Normal Load
		3.4 Content of ZrB2
	4 Conclusions
	References
Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Nanocomposites for Radar Absorption Application in the X-Band
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Work
		2.1 Materials and Characterization
		2.2 Fabrication of Samples
		2.3 Measurement of Complex Permittivity
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Complex Permittivity
		3.2 Dielectric Loss Tangent
		3.3 Reflection Loss and Simulation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Synthesis and Microwave Absorption Properties of MnZn Ferrite Nanocomposite
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Experimentation
		3.1 Synthesis of Manganese Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles
		3.2 Sample Preparation
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 XRD, VSM, SEM, and EDAX Analysis
		4.2 Permittivity and Permeability Studies
		4.3 Reflection Loss
	5 Conclusions
	References
An Experimental Investigation of New Hybrid Composite Material Using Ramie-Flax and Its Mechanical Properties Through Finite Element Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Composite Fabrication
		4.1 Hand Lay-Up Technique
		4.2 Hybrid Composite Preparation
	5 Experimental Procedure
	6 Finite Element Analysis
	7 Results and Discussion
	8 Conclusion
	9 Scope for Future Work
	References
Effect of MgO Particulates on Dry Sliding Wear of al LM13 Metal Matrix Composite
	1 Introduction
	2 Development of the Metal Matrix Composite
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Optical Microstructure Studies
		3.2 XRD Studies
		3.3 Scanning Electron Microscope Studies
		3.4 Brinell Hardness and Wear Behavior
	4 Conclusion
	References
Flexural Fracture Analysis on 2D and 3D Weaved Carbon–Silicon Carbide Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Fabrication of C–SiC Composite
		2.1 Specimen Preparation
		2.2 Specimen Configuration
	3 Experimentation Summary
	4 Result and Discussion
		4.1 Flexural Strength
		4.2 Flexural Strength Evaluation
		4.3 Fracture Toughness
		4.4 KIC Validation
		4.5 Strength–Fracture Toughness Correlation
		4.6 Effect of Notch Root Radius (ρ) on Fracture Toughness
	5 Conclusions
	References
Characterization of Aluminium Alloy 6063 Coated Over Mild Steel by Aluminization Process
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation
	3 Characterization of Coating
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Mechanical and Wear Characteristics of Aluminum Reinforced with Quartz Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Material and Method
	4 Design of Experiments
	5 Methodology
	6 Results and Discussion
		6.1 Hardness and Tensile and Wear with Volume Fraction % of Quartz
		6.2 Microstructure and SEM Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Studies on Application and Mechanism of Self-Healing Polymer and Nanocomposite Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Self-Healing: Concept and Mechanism
		2.1 Extrinsic Self-Healing Mechanism System
		2.2 Capsules Embedment-Based Self-Healing Mechanism
		2.3 Vascular Network Self-Healing Mechanism
		2.4 Intrinsic Based Self-Healing Mechanism
	3 Self-Healing Polymer NanoComposites: Applications
		3.1 Effect of Self-Healing Polymer in Sealing Holes and Size of Bullets
		3.2 Effect of Self-Healing Polymer on Impact Damage
		3.3 Effects of SelfHealing Fatigue Strength
		3.4 Effect of Self-Healing on Erosion and Corrosion
		3.5 Usage of Self-Healing Polymer in Phone Screens and Paints for Cars
	4 Conclusion
	References
Comparing Fire Penetration Results of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composite Material with Plywood
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Material Used
		2.2 Machine Used
		2.3 Fabrication of Composite Material
		2.4 Fire Penetration Testing Procedure
		2.5 Calculations
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Microstructural Evaluation of Friction Surfaced Aluminium Alloy AA6063 Over Mild Steel
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation
		2.1 Design of Experiments
	3 Characterization of Microstructure
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Mechanical Properties of Coconut–Carbon Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Preparation of Hybrid Composite
		2.3 Tensile, Flexural and Impact Tests Measurement
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Tensile Tests
		3.2 Flexural Tests
		3.3 Impact Tests
	4 Conclusions
	References
Frequency Analysis of Aircraft Wing Using FEM
	1 Introduction
	2 CAD Model of the Wing
	3 Finite Element Model of the Wing
	4 Finite Element Analysis
		4.1 Modal Analysis
		4.2 Frequency Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Structural and Vibrational Analysis of Femur Bone Using FEA
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methodology
	3 Modal Analysis
	4 Results
		4.1 Free–Free Boundary Condition
		4.2 Fixed–Fixed Boundary Condition
		4.3 Results of Structural Analysis
	5 Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
CFD Analysis, Analytical Solution, and Experimental Verification for Design and Analysis of Air Intake of Formula Student Car
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
	4 Analytical Study
	5 CFD Analysis
		5.1 Design and Modeling of Air Intake
		5.2 Meshing
		5.3 Analysis and Simulation Results
	6 Experimental Method
		6.1 Mass Flow Sensor (MAF)
		6.2 Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAP)
	7 Conclusion and Comparison
	References
Noncontact Surface Roughness Assessment Using Machine Vision System
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
	3 Methodology
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Optimization of Brake Pedal for FSAE Vehicle
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Review
		1.2 Methodology
	2 Material Selection
	3 Manufacturing Process
	4 Stress Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of Steering Clevis Joint for Optimization and Steering Stability
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Designing a CAD Model
		3.2 Material Selection
		3.3 Property Comparison
	4 Calculations
		4.1 Forces on Clevis Joint from Tie Rod
		4.2 Forces on Clevis Joint from Steering Rack
		4.3 Observation
	5 Simulation of Steering System
	6 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Structural Analysis of Suspension Rocker for FSAE Vehicle
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Review
		1.2 Working Principle
		1.3 Methodology
		1.4 Material Selection
	2 Calculations
		2.1 Spring Rate
		2.2 Wheel Rate
		2.3 Roll Rate
		2.4 Roll Moment at 1G Lateral Acceleration
		2.5 Force at Wheel at Ride Height
		2.6 Wheel Deflection at Ride Height
		2.7 Spring Load
		2.8 Spring Deflection
	3 Design Procedure and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	5 Appendix
	References
Control of End-Effector of a Multi-link Robot with Joint and Link Flexibility
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Problem Statement
	4 Research Methodology
		4.1 Applying Proportional-Integral (PI) Controller at Both Joints
		4.2 Applying Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) Controller at the Joints
		4.3 The Effect of the Controllers on the Input and Output Response
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Design of Plastic Bottle Shredding Machine and Computational Finite Element Analysis of Shaft in the Shredder
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Review
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Evolution of Shredders
		2.2 Materials
		2.3 Machine Components
	3 Working Principle
	4 Design Calculations and Construction
		4.1 Diameter of the Shaft Is Calculated Using
		4.2 Deflection of Beam
		4.3 Frequency
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 Deflection of the Shaft
		5.2 Stress in the Shaft
		5.3 Reactions at Supports
		5.4 Bending Moment Diagram
		5.5 Maximum Bending Stress
		5.6 Modal Analysis for the Natural Frequency of the Beam
		5.7 Harmonic Analysis for the Frequency of the Shaft with Uniformly Distributed Load
	6 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Temperature on Stress Concentration Factor
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Fracture Parameters of woven Glass/Epoxy Composite
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Literature Survey
	2 Experimentation
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Preparation of Standard Test Specimens
		2.3 Single Edge Notch Bending Test (SENB)
	3 Finite Element Analysis
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Automatic Gate System with Autofocus Camera Using Node-RED
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Automatic Gate System
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
CFD Analysis of Hydro-Dynamic Lubrication Journal Bearing Using Castor Oil
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Classification of Bearing
		1.2 Lubrication and Journal Bearing
	2 Lubricating Oils
		2.1 Structural Analysis of Journal Bearing
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 FSI Results
	5 Conclusion
To Evaluate Chassis Frequency Harmonics of Vehicles by Modal Analysis and Measurement
	1 Introduction
	2 Modal Analysis
		2.1 Hypothesis in Modal Analysis
		2.2 Procedure for Modal Analysis in ANSYS and Test-Model Specifications
		2.3 Test-Model Specifications for Chassis Structure
	3 Results—Modal Analysis
		3.1 Deformation for First Mode at 94.663 Hz—Maximum 14.349 mm
		3.2 Deformation for Second Mode at 126.45 Hz—Maximum 15.317 mm
		3.3 Harmonic Analysis of Chassis Model for a Frequency Range 0–100 Hz
		3.4 Harmonic Analysis of Chassis Model for a Frequency Range 0–200 Hz
	4 Experimental Results—Vibration Measurement
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Internal Damping in Rotating Shaft
	1 Methodology
		1.1 Methodology Implementation
	2 Results and Discussions
		2.1 Loss Factor Versus Radius of the Shaft
		2.2 Loss Factor Versus Frequency of the Shaft
		2.3 Loss Factor Versus Distance of the Point from the Center of Section
		2.4 Loss Factor Versus Time
	3 Conclusion
	References
An Overview of Harmony Search Algorithm Applied in Identical Parallel Machine Scheduling
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Identical Parallel Machine Scheduling
		1.2 Problem Description
	2 Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA)
	3 Summary
	References
Computational Investigation of Stagnation-Region Gas Injection for Protection of a Locally Heated Skin
	1 Introduction
		1.1 A Subsection Sample
	2 Problem Statement and Computational Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Shock Interference Structure Without Gas Injection
		3.2 Shock Wave Interference Structure with Gas Injection
	4 Conclusions
	References
Techno-Economic Assessment of Wind/Photovoltaic and Conventional Generator Hybrid Off-Grid Power Systems for Rural Community in Meta Robi District
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Hybrid System Components Modeling
		4.1 Comparison of Hybrid Off-Grid Systems with Grid Extension
		4.2 Economic Feasibility Analysis
	5 Result and Discussion
	References
Assessment of Unconventional and Conventional Off-Grid Power Source for Rural Areas in Ethiopia
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Sensitivity Results Analysis
		3.1 Robustness of Optimization Results
	4 Grid Comparison Result
		4.1 Post HOMER Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Review on Advanced Optimization Algorithms in Multidisciplinary Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Types of Optimization
		2.1 Based on Continuity
		2.2 Based on Constraints
		2.3 Based on Objective Function
		2.4 Based on Data Accuracy
	3 Heuristic Algorithms
		3.1 Genetic Algorithm
		3.2 Particle Swarm Optimization
	4 Conclusion
	References