Recent Trends in Design, Materials and Manufacturing: Selected Proceedings of ICRADMM 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

Conference Organizing Committee
Preface
Reviewers
Contents
About the Editors
Structural Mechanics
F-Contractive-Type Mappings in Soft Metric Space
	1 Introduction and Preliminaries
	2 Main Results
	References
Fixed Point Results in b-Metric Spaces Over Banach Algebra and Contraction Principle
	1 Introduction
	2 Definitions Preliminaries
	3 Main Results
	References
Common Invariant Point Theorem for Multi-valued Generalized Fuzzy Mapping in b-Metric Space
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
	3 Main Theorem
	4 Conclusion
	References
Mechanical Materials Design and Analysis
An Experimental Analysis for Temperature Dependency of Photovoltaic Cell Parameters Under Artificial Illumination
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Front Temperature and Back Temperature
		3.2 Effect on Voc and Isc
		3.3 Power and Electrical Efficiency Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis of Combined Cycle with Supplementary Heating
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Formulation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Effect of Laser Spot Diameter on Melt Pool Thermal History During Laser Cladding on Inconel 718 Coatings
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation Work
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Impact of Forthcoming Price Increase for Maximum Fixed Lifetime Product with Preservation Technology Investment and Price-Sensitive Demand
	1 Introduction
	2 Notation and Assumptions
		2.1 Notations
		2.2 Assumptions
	3 Mathematical Model
		3.1 Case 1: The Special-Order Time Coincides with the Retailer’s Replenishment Time
		3.2 Case 2: The Special-Order Time Occurs During the Retailer’s Sales Period
	4 Algorithm
	5 Numerical Illustrations and Sensitivity Analysis
		5.1 Numerical Illustrations
		5.2 Sensitivity Analysis for the Inventory Parameters
	6 Conclusions
	References
Industry 4.0 Research: Information and Communication Technology Capability Index for Supply Chain Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Industry 4.0
	3 Motivation, Background and Relevance of the Research
	4 Research Methodology
	5 Empirical Model on ICT for SCM
	6 Computation of ICT Capability Index for SCM
		6.1 AHP Method for Ranking Indicators to Compute ICT Capability Index for SCM
		6.2 SNORM Method for Computing ICT Capability Index for SCM
		6.3 Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Method for Computing ICT Capability Index for SCM
	7 Managerial Implications and Future Research Directions
	8 Conclusion
	References
Productivity Improvement in Foundry Using IoT
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Study
	3 Design and Discussion
		3.1 Components Used
		3.2 Interfacing DS18B20 and 4-Channel Relay Module with Node MCU
	4 Hardware Implementation and Testing
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mechanical Structures and Stress Analysis
Strain Measurement of Aluminium in Tensometer Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC)
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Specimen
		2.2 Spray Painting Technique
	3 Experimental Procedure
		3.1 Experimental Verification
		3.2 Digital Image Correlation Using MATLAB [17]
		3.3 Digital Image Correlation and Tracking with MATLAB [17]
	4 Static and Dynamic Analysis of Aluminium in ANSYS
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusion
	References
Structural and Thermal Analyses of Gas Turbine Blades with Internal Cooling System Under Steady-State Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Modelling and Analysis of Gas Turbine Blade
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Configuration 1
		3.2 Configuration 2
		3.3 Configuration 3
		3.4 Configuration 4
	4 Conclusions
	References
Response of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Under Asymmetrical Stress Loading at 600 °C
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedure
	3 Results
		3.1 Effect of Tensile Mean Stress on Cyclic Strain Response
		3.2 Effect of Stress Amplitude on Cyclic Strain Response
		3.3 Effect of Stress Rate on Cyclic Strain Response
		3.4 Fracture Behaviour Under Asymmetric Stressing
	4 Conclusions
	References
Finite Element Analysis of Bending Response of Aluminum 1100-H12 and Mild Steel Hat Shape Beam
	1 Introduction
	2 Quasi-Static Loading Condition for Single Hat Shape Thin-Walled Beam
	3 Finite Element Modeling
	4 Simulation Result
	5 Conclusion
	References
Ballistic Response of CFRP Armor Helmet Against Ogive Nosed Projectile
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Modeling
		2.1 Helmet
		2.2 Ogive Projectile
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Ballistic Resistance
		3.2 Energy Absorption
		3.3 Damage Pattern
	4 Conclusion
	References
Tensile-Microstructure Evaluation for LM6 Alloys Synthesized by Solid–Liquid Mixed Casting
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Material and Slurry Preparation
		2.2 Tensile Testing
		2.3 Microstructure Sample Preparation
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Tensile Properties
		3.2 Microstructure Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
FEM-Based Impact Analysis of Roll Cage of an All-Terrain Vehicle
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling of the System
		2.1 Kinematic Modeling
		2.2 Dynamic Modeling
	3 Finite Element Modeling
		3.1 General Procedure
		3.2 Element Type
		3.3 Real Constraints
	4 Results of Simulation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Noise and Vibration Analysis
Fault Investigation of Rolling Element Bearing Using Vibration Signature Analysis and Artificial Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup (Vibration Data Collection)
		2.1 Feature Extraction
	3 Wavelet Transform
		3.1 Maximum Energy-to-Entropy Ratio Criterion (MEER)
	4 Machine Learning Techniques
		4.1 Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
		4.2 Decision Tree (DT)
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Enhancement of Aerodynamic Efficiency of a Formula Car by Incorporating a Passive Device in the Front Wing
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling and Analysis of Formula Car
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Case 1: Analysis at 250 Kmph
		3.2 Case 2: Analysis at 275 Kmph
		3.3 Case 3: Analysis at 300 kmph
		3.4 Case 4: Analysis at 350 kmph
		3.5 Down Force Generated at Various Velocities
		3.6 Drag Force at Various Velocities
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design and Analysis of Exoskeleton with a Torque Prediction Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Theoretical Analysis
		3.1 Torque Calculation Methods
		3.2 Estimating Torques Using CGA Data
		3.3 Determining Torques Based on Experiment
	4 Video Motion Analysis
	5 Drive System and Controllers
	6 Material
	7 Modelling
	8 Analysis
	9 Experimental Results
	10 Video Motion Analysis
		10.1 Torque Calculations
	11 Deep Learning
	12 Conclusion
	References
Characterization of Noise Sources, Built Material and Acoustic Parameters of a Newly Renovated Special Purpose Space
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Case study
		3.1 Description of Room
		3.2 Measurements
	4 Experimental Setup
	5 Background Noise and Noise Criterion
	6 Monophonic and 1/3 Octave Band filtered Parameters
	7 Built-Material Characterization
		7.1 Working of Absorption Probe
		7.2 Features of Microflown In Situ Absorption Probe [20]
	8 Results and Discussion
		8.1 Background Noise and Noise Criterion
		8.2 Built-Material Characterization
		8.3 Monophonic and 1/3 Octave Band-filtered Parameters
	9 Conclusions
	References
Fault Detection and Condition Monitoring
A Comparative Study on Mathematical Approaches to Determine the Time Lag and Synchrony Between Two Time-Series Data in Different Engineering Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Delay Estimation Methods
		2.1 A Gradient Method
		2.2 Cross Correlation
		2.3 Neural Network for Time Delay Estimation
		2.4 Delay Estimation by Model Fitting
		2.5 Weighted Fourier Transform and Relaxation (WRELAX) Algorithm
	3 Measurement of Synchrony Between Two Time Series
		3.1 Pearson Correlation
		3.2 Time Lagged Cross Correlation
		3.3 Dynamic Time Warping
		3.4 Peak Synchronization
		3.5 Synchronization Using Cumulative Signals
	4 Conclusion
	References
Envelope Spectrum Analysis of Noisy Signal with Spectral Kurtosis to Diagnose Bearing Defect
	1 Introduction
	2 Envelope Spectrum Analysis and Spectral Kurtosis
		2.1 Envelope Spectrum Analysis
		2.2 Spectral Kurtosis
	3 Experimental Investigation
		3.1 Description of Test Rigs
		3.2 Inner Race Fault Investigation (Case 1)
		3.3 Bearing with Outer Race Fault Investigation (Case 2)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Semi-Automatic Boundary Detection of Weak Edges for Medical Image Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Feature Extraction and ACO Gabor Transform
	4 Proposed Algorithm
	5 Result Analysis
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
An Efficient and Lightweight Intrusion Detection System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problem Statement
		1.2 Contribution
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Distributed and Co-operative Lightweight Intrusion Detection (DCLID) System
		3.1 System Model
		3.2 An IDS Framework for Threshold Calculation
		3.3 Intrusion Detection Based on Trust Evaluation
	4 Performance Evaluation
		4.1 Simulation Setup
		4.2 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Synchronization of Uncertain and External Disturbance Time Delay Chaotic Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
	3 Systems Description
		3.1 Advanced Lorenz System
		3.2 Rössler System
	4 Synchronization
	5 Simulation Results
	References
Optimization Techniques
Optimization of Machining Parameters on Vertical Milling Machine for Al-CNT Composites Using Taguchi Design of Experiments
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology and Experimentation
		2.1 Work Material
		2.2 Selection of Equipment and Tools
		2.3 Process Parameters and Their Different Levels
	3 Results and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Study on Domain Independency for Prediction of Vortex Shedding Parameters of a Circular Cylinder
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Vortex-Induced Vibration
	2 Numerical Model
		2.1 Meshing
		2.2 Flow Analysis
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design and Performance—Analysis of Hybrid Drive Optimized for Torque–Speed Characteristic Requirements of Heavy Vehicles
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Methods and Performance Measures
		2.1 Parallel Hybrid Coupling
		2.2 Selection of Test Vehicle
		2.3 Torque and RPM Calculations and Tabulations
		2.4 Selection of Driving Electric Motor
		2.5 Material Selection
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Design of a Parallel Hybrid Coupling
		3.2 Bevel and Helical Gear—Computer-Aided Design
		3.3 Assembly of the Parallel Hybrid Gearbox
		3.4 Theoretical Verification of Power Split Device
		3.5 Verification of Power Split Device Through Motion Analysis
		3.6 Prototyping
	4 Conclusions
	References
Handling and Scheduling of Inner-City Lagoon Water Through Numerical Index and Multivariate Statistics
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Correlation Coefficient of Pearson
		2.2 Calibrate for Perseverance
		2.3 Prepositional Logic
	3 Conclusion
	References
Multi-objective Optimization and Numerical Analysis of Coil Spring Used in Automobile Suspensions
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectives and Problem Formulation
		2.1 Problem Formulation
	3 Multi-objective Optimization of Coil Spring
		3.1 Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II
		3.2 NSGA-II Procedure
	4 Numerical Analysis of Coil Spring
		4.1 Modeling of Helical Coil Spring
	5 Modal Analysis
	6 Static Structural Analysis
		6.1 Static Numeric Solution (Shear Stress and Deflection) and Comparing with Analytical Solution
		6.2 Static Numeric Solution (Strain Energy) and Comparing with NSGA-II Solution
	7 Conclusions
	References
Mechatronics and Robotics
Replicating the Natural Limb Structure of a Mammal-Type Quadruped on a Highly Compact 12-DoF Robot to Deduce a Relation Between Limb Structure and Canine Gait Efficiency
	1 Introduction
	2 Experiment
		2.1 Mechanical Design
		2.2 Electronic System
		2.3 Motion Planning
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Automation in Robotics with Artificial Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Temptations
		2.1 Discovery
		2.2 Success
		2.3 Guessing Work
		2.4 Framework Designs
	3 Connection with Other Areas of Artificial Intelligence
		3.1 The Edutainment
		3.2 Multiexpert Framework
		3.3 Ordinary Language Analysis
	4 Interaction with Different Orders
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Man-Made Intelligence Emotion Recognition and Psychology
		5.2 Artificial Intelligence Emotion, Cognitive Robotics, and Psychology
	6 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Path Planning of a Grocery Robot
	1 Introduction
	2 Algorithm
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Tangent Graph-Based Making Plans
		3.2 Modeling of Grocery Robot
		3.3 Image Processing
		3.4 Steps Involved in Setting the Object Detection Process
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mechatronic System for an Automated Dynamics Staircase for Walking Difficulty People to Travel in Public Road Transportation Vehicles
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of the Mechanism and Electronic Controller
		2.1 Conceptual Design of the Mechanism
		2.2 Development of Electronic Controller
	3 Simulation Results
		3.1 Working Principle of the Mechanism
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and Development of Mechatronic System for an Automated Ergonomic Keyboard Tray
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of the Keyboard and Electronic Controller
		2.1 Modeling of Automated Keyboard Tray
		2.2 Development of Electronic Controller
	3 Simulation Results
		3.1 Working Principle of the Mechanism
	4 Conclusion
	References
Product Design and Development
Comparative Study of the Rear and Rear Side Impact on a Roll Cage Using FEM
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Rear Impact
	4 Side Impact at the Rear Part
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of a Structure to Support Two Star Sensors
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Constraints
	3 Conceptual Design of Modified Structure
	4 Computational Analysis
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Designing and Fabrication of a Device for Automation of the Film Transfer Process in Floating Film Transfer Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Device Fabrication
		2.2 Film Formation and Transfer
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 3-D Printed Components and Fabricated Device
		3.2 Film Formation and Transfer
	4 Conclusion
	References
Filter Design for Radar Signal Analysis Using Field Programmable Gate Array
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Architecture
		2.2 A Filtering of Signals
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 FPGA Virtex 6 (XC6VSX475T-1FF1759) Utility Target Device
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Greener Framework for Start-Up Involving Order Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Establishing a Start-Up
		2.1 Maintaining the Edge Over Competition
		2.2 Employee Management
		2.3 Transportation
		2.4 Marketing Strategies
		2.5 Framework for Order Management System
	3 Methodology
	4 Scenarios
		4.1 Scenario 1
		4.2 Scenario 2 at a Glimpse
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Tribology
Prediction of Brake Pad Wear Using Various Machine Learning Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
		2.1 Experimentation
		2.2 Algorithms Used
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Frictional Force Versus Experimental Wear at Different RPM(s) and RPM Versus Experimental Wear at Constant Frictional Force
		3.2 Prediction of Wear at 200 RPM Using Various Prediction Algorithms
		3.3 Prediction of Wear at 300 RPM Using Various Prediction Algorithms
		3.4 Prediction of Wear at 400 RPM Using Various Prediction Algorithms
		3.5 Prediction of Wear at a Frictional Force of 20 N Using Various Prediction Algorithms
	4 Conclusion
	References
Abrasive Wear Behavior of Bio-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites with Taguchi Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Fiber Preparation
		2.2 Fabrication of Composites
		2.3 Abrasive Wear Test
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Effect of Load on Wear Rate
	4 Experimental Design and Optimization
		4.1 The Taguchi Approach
	5 Analysis and Evaluation of Experimental Results
		5.1 Analysis of the S/N Ratio
	6 ANOVA Method
	7 SEM Morphology of Worn Surfaces
	8 Conclusions
	References
Effect of Surface-Treated Calcium-Copper-Titanate as a Lubricant Additive in Cottonseed Oil on Tribo Performance in Sliding Contacts
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Details
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Surface Treatment of CCTO Nanoparticles
		2.3 Tribological Testing and Characterization
	3 Experimental Details
		3.1 FTIR of SDS-Treated CCTO Nanoparticles
		3.2 Tribological Property
	4 Conclusions
	References