Recent Research on Geotechnical Engineering, Remote Sensing, Geophysics and Earthquake Seismology: Proceedings of the 1st MedGU, Istanbul 2021 (Volume 3) (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)

About the Conference
	About MedGU
	Conference Tracks
About the Conference Steering Committee
	Executive Committee
	Organizing Chair
	Conference Manager
	Conference Support
	Conference Supervisor
	Local Organizing Team
	Online Organizing Team
	Advisory Committee
	Program Committee
	Scientific Committee
	Publications Committee
	Outreach Committee
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Geological Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering and Geoenvironment
1 Analysis of the Causes of Deformation of the Stabilized Mixture During Its Floating
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Deformation Phenomena
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
2 Geotechnical Properties of Artificially Produced Soils
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
3 Classification Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Coupled with Clustering Algorithms: A Potential Technique to Consider for Predicting Soil Liquefaction Phenomena
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Approach
	3 Results
		3.1 Results: Preprocessing and Clustering
		3.2 Results: Classification and Prediction
		3.3 Results: Liquefaction Susceptibility of Clusters
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
4 Estimation of Site Response Characteristics by a Comparative Study of Numerical Modeling in Adapazarı City Basin, Turkey
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Method and Model Building
	3 The Key Results of Dynamic Site Response Analyses
		3.1 PGA and PSA Plots for the Considered Six Models
		3.2 Mean PGA and PSA Plots for the ESBL vs. Third Models
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
5 Preliminary Field Study of the Petobo Flow Slide After the 2018 Indonesia Palu Liquefaction
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Results and Discussions
	3 Conclusions
	References
6 Numerical Investigation of the Interacted Behavior of Embankment-Slope System Under Seismic Loading Conditions
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
7 Estimating in Situ Deep Soil Dynamic Properties Using PS Suspension Logging and Accelerograph Records. Case from the City of Ica—Peru
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
8 Effect of Variabilities in Motion Characteristics and Bedrock Depth on Seismic Ground Response Assessment
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Modeling
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Effect of Bedrock Depth on Energy Content Modification
		3.2 Effect of Bedrock Depth on Frequency Content Modification
	4 Conclusions
	References
9 Non-linear Dynamic Analysis of Structures Including Site Response Effects with Soil–Structure Interaction Problem
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 Soil Geology, Input Ground Motions, and Seismic Site Response
		2.2 Case Study and Idealized SDOF Systems
		2.3 Soil–Structure Interaction Analysis Model
	3 Results
		3.1 Seismic Site Response Analyses
		3.2 Time History Analyses of Equivalent SDOF Systems with SSI
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
10 Assessment of Collapse Potential of Lumped Soil in Alluvial Deposit by Double Consolidation Tests
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Investigation and Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
11 Influence of Grain Size Distribution into the Desiccated Crack Behavior of Lateritic Soil
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Sample Preparation and Cracking Simulation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	References
12 The Generalized Coefficients of Earth Pressure: Numerical Validation and Comparison with Eurocode 8-5 Method
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods Used in the Comparison
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
13 Evaluation of the Influence of Olive Pomace Addition on the Geotechnical Properties of Clay Soil
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Procedure
	3 Effect of Olive Pomace on Atterberg Limits
	4 Effect of Olive Pomace on Compaction Characteristics
	5 Effect of Olive Pomace on Shear Strength Properties of Soil
	6 Conclusion
	References
14 Mechanical Properties of Nano-Silica-Treated Organic Soil Reinforced with Banana Fiber
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 UCS of Banana Fiber–Treated Samples
		4.2 UCS of Banana Fiber and Nano-Silica-Treated Samples
		4.3 Permeability of Banana Fiber and Nano-Silica-Treated Samples
	5 Conclusions
	References
15 The Karal Soil from North Cameroon: A Swelling Soil Stabilized with a Mixed Cement/Hydrated Lime Treatment
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
16 Mixing Nanoclay Additive to Improve Internal Erosion Resistance of Earth Dams Constructed of Silty Sand
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Summary and Conclusions
	References
17 ANNs-Based Prediction Models for Consistency and Compaction Characteristics of Bentonite–Sand Mixtures
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
18 Use of Heuristic Regression Techniques in Stability Control of Cantilever Retaining Walls
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Cantilever Retaining Wall (CRW) Design
		2.2 Heuristic Regression Techniques (HRTs)
			2.2.1 Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS)
			2.2.2 Model 5 Tree (M5-Tree)
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
19 Effect of WTP Lime Sludge on the Properties of Agricultural Soil of Jumar Watershed, Jharkhand, India
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Soil Physical Properties
		3.2 Index and Compaction Properties
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
20 The Debris Flow Along Brungkah River, Pacitan, Indonesia, Caused by the Rainfall Incident of November 27, 2017
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Debris Materials
		3.2 Volume of Materials
		3.3 Impact After Debris Flow
	4 Conclusions
	References
21 An Intelligent Model to Predict the Compactness of Granular Mixtures Used in Conventional (CC) and Roller-Compacted Concrete (RCC)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Mixture Modeling and Database
		2.2 ANN Models Developed
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
22 Choosing an Effective Design Solution for Fixing Offshore Hydro-Technical Structures to Shelf Ground
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
23 Latent Hydraulic Effect of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag on the Strength Development of Stabilized Peat
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
24 Machine Learning Approach for Exploration: A Case Study in the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia
	Abstract
	1 Project Introduction and Regional Geology
	2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Recall–Precision Curve North Aman and South Aman
		3.2 Reservoir Layer—Post-rift Section—Sand Probability Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
25 Comparison of Micromechanical Elasticity Models for Cemented Soils
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Contact Laws and Macroscopic Elasticity
	3 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
26 Characterization of Soils for Road Works: Case Study of Borrow Pits in Kwara State, Nigeria
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Collection of Samples and Preparation for Testing
		2.3 Laboratory Investigation
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Particle Size Distribution and Specific Gravity
		3.2 Atterberg Limits
		3.3 Compactive Parameters
		3.4 CBR and Resilient Modulus
	4 Conclusion
	References
27 Observations of the Landslide Mitigation of Rock Slopes on the Pilgrimage Route Between Makkah and Mena in Saudi Arabia
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Location, Geomorphology, and Geology of the Region
	3 Field Observations on the Hillslopes and Technical Comments on the Mitigations
	4 Discussion and Suggestions for Mitigations
	5 Conclusions
	References
28 Estimation of Strength Properties of Evaporitic Rocks from Their Quick-Measurable Physical Properties: A Case Study, Abu Dhabi City, United Arab Emirates
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geological Settings, Field, and Laboratory Studies
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
29 Porosity and Water Content Prediction with Dry Unit Weight Measurements of Evaporitic Rocks from Abu Dhabi City, United Arab Emirates
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geology, Rock Units, and Experimental Studies
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
30 Kinematic Stability Evaluation of the Cut Slopes Along Islamabad–Muzaffarabad Dual Carriageway (IMDC), Pakistan
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
31 Novel Damage Quantification Techniques for Thermal-Treated Granitic Rocks
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Data Collection and Testing Methods
		2.2 Quantification of Damage and Brittleness Indices
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgement
	References
32 Behavior of Cracked Grout Bodies of Micro-Piles with Different Corrosion Protection Measures
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Corrosion Protection of Tensile Elements
	3 Validation of Corrosion Protection Measures
	4 Results and Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
33 A Fatigue Damage Propagation Model Based on Locally Periodic Micro-crack Growth
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Settings and Methods
		2.1 Fatigue Crack Propagation
		2.2 Two-Scale Approach for Local Periodic Distribution of Micro-cracks
		2.3 Fatigue Damage Evolution Law
	3 Results
		3.1 Local Macroscopic Response
		3.2 Influence of Microstructure Length Ε
		3.3 Influence of the Load Frequency
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Model Validation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Geo-informatics, Remote Sensing and Geohazards
34 Tree Detection from Very High Spatial Resolution RGB Satellite Imagery Using Deep Learning
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methodology
		2.1 Data
		2.2 RGB-Based Vegetation Indices
		2.3 Methodology
			2.3.1 U-Net
			2.3.2 Accuracy Assessment
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
35 Integrating LiDAR and Landsat Images for 3D Visualization
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Conclusions
	References
36 Comparison of Multiple Machine Learning Methods for Estimating Digital Elevation Points
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Material
		2.2 Methods
			2.2.1 Support Vector Machine Regression (SVMR)
			2.2.2 Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)
			2.2.3 Deep Learning (DL)
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
37 Improvement of the PeruSAT-1 Satellite Image Orthorectification Using the Optimization Algorithm
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Collections
		2.2 Rational Function Model (RFM)
		2.3 The RPCs Modification Using the Optimization Algorithm (OA)
		2.4 Process
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
38 Fortune’s Algorithm for Calculating the Voronoi Diagram of Polylines, Polygons, and Functions
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
39 Ecological Shifting and Land Use Land Cover Changes in Pindari Valley, Uttarakhand Himalaya, India
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Data and Methodology
	4 Preprocessing of Landsat Data
	5 Data Processing
	6 Classification Methods
	7 Results and Discussion
	8 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
40 The Challenge of Spectrally Separating Seagrass and Macroalgae Species Using Hyperspectral Data
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
41 Accuracy Assessment of Pan-Sharpened PRISMA Hyperspectral Image for Seagrass Species Composition Mapping
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Method
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
42 Relative Water Column Correction Methods for Benthic Habitat Mapping in Optically Shallow Coastal Water
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
43 Evaluation of WaPOR Evapotranspiration Product for Irrigated Orchards in an Arid Region
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Reference Evapotranspiration
		3.2 Crop Monitoring
		3.3 Actual Evapotranspiration
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
44 Satellite Remote Sensing Applied to Landslide Susceptibility in the Andean Cordillera (33°27\'–33°55\' S)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geological Settings and Methodology
		2.1 Conditioning Factors
		2.2 Assessment of Susceptibility and Landslide Generation
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
45 Investigating Accurate Water Body Extraction from Satellite Imagery Using Convolutional Neural Network with Water Indices
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methodology
		2.1 Data
		2.2 Data Preprocessing
		2.3 The Proposed Method
		2.4 Spectral Indices
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
46 Landslide Susceptibility Assessment and Factors’ Selection Using the GIS Matrix Method (GMM) in Chefchaouen Province (Northern Morocco)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Landslide Inventory Data
		3.2 Determining Factors
		3.3 Landslide Susceptibility Map and Validation
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
47 Remote Sensing Indicators for Assessing the Trophic Status of Barrier Lakes from Bahlui Catchment (Romania)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
48 Automatic Generation of Atlases for Social Data: Developing a Plugin for Qgis.3
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Development of Plugin
	3 Analysis and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
49 Contribution of Remote Sensing and GIS for Monitoring Land Use Change and Its Impact on Flood Risks in the Wadi Tessa Watershed
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Materials and Methods
	4 Results
		4.1 Monitoring Land Use Change
		4.2 Risk of Flooding in the Wadi Tessa Watershed
	5 Interpretation and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
50 Diachronic Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover Impacts on Carbon Storage in Agadir City (Morocco)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Method
		2.1 Datasets
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
51 Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones Using GIS and Remote Sensing in Middle Moulouya Basin, Morocco
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Factors Influencing Groundwater Recharge Zones
			3.1.1 Rainfall
			3.1.2 Slope
			3.1.3 Lithology
			3.1.4 Drainage Density
			3.1.5 Lineament Density
		3.2 Potential Zone of the Groundwater
		3.3 Validation of Groundwater Potential Zones
	4 Conclusions
	References
52 Performance Aspects of Geographic Data Processing in NoSQL Databases
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Testing Environment and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Creating Relations Between Individual Vertices
		3.2 Searching n-Shortest Paths Along with Geospatial Variant (Algorithm A*)
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
53 Prediction of Slope Failure Susceptibility of an Iron Ore Mine Using PCA and K-Means Clustering
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Data and Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
54 Digital Image Processing for UAV-Based Landslide Investigations
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Flight Plan and Preparation
		2.2 Image Processing
		2.3 Calibration
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
55 Comparison of Original and Deep-Learning Enhanced Sentinel-2 Imagery in Mineral Prospecting Problems
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Research Area and Samples
		2.2 Satellite Data
		2.3 Data Enhancement
		2.4 Test Experiment
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
56 Debris Sliding Monitoring Using Permanent Interferometry Disperser Technique in the Chosica-Lurigancho District, Perú, 2020
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data Collections
		2.2 Processing
	3 Results
		3.1 Results Displacement Map: Descending Orbit Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
57 SAR Image Despeckling Using a Self-supervised Learning Model
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
58 Mapping of a Landslide Site with SAR Images in the Taurus Mountains
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
59 Using UAV-Based Photogrammetric Data for Pegmatitic Lineament Extraction in the Angarf Area (Zenaga Inlier, Morocco)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Automatic Lineament Extraction
		3.2 Manual Lineament Extraction
	4 Conclusions
	References
60 Using SAR Data to Delineate Burned Territories in Central Kazakhstan
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
61 A Geo-Remote IoT Seismic Sensing Device, Made of Robust High-Sensitivity TENGs
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 The Best TENG Candidate According to Its Sensitivity
		3.2 Wi-Fi Pulses Transmission by Using LoRA Protocol
		3.3 Realistic Simulation of Ground Oscillations
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
62 Investigation of Probable Impacts on Land Cover Transition in Istanbul Driven by Planning the Canal Istanbul and the Great Istanbul Tunnel Projects
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods and Materials
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
63 Development of an Object-Oriented Geographical Data Model for the Management of SPEA
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
64 Comparative Analysis of the Spectral Response of Vegetation for Monitoring the State of the Landscapes of the Protected Area of Delta Del Cauto (Cuba)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
65 Integration of Cloud and Desktop Platforms to Support Analysis of Big Geospatial Data Time Series
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
66 Comparison of Semantic Segmentation of Point Clouds Obtained from Different Sensors Using Deep Learning
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data Used
		2.2 RandLA-Net
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
67 Geo-ontologies and Their Role in Integrating Big Spatiotemporal Data and Knowledge Management
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Role of Ontology in the Nile Delta Basin
		1.2 Motivation and Significance of Ontology Modeling
	2 Conceptual Data Modeling Through Ontology Approach
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
68 Spatio-Temporal Mapping on the Distribution of Volcanic Products as Construction Materials Using ASTER Images at Southeastern Part of East Java (Indonesia)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
69 Study of Water Mass Change Impacts on Water Salinity and Steric Fluctuations in the Caspian Sea
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Effects of Water Salinity and Temperature on Steric Fluctuations
	3 Variations of Steric Fluctuations in the Caspian Sea
		3.1 Salinity Variations in the Caspian Sea
		3.2 Temperature Variations in the Caspian Sea
		3.3 Steric Variations as the Result of Changes in Water Salinity and Temperature
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
70 Identification of Art Styles of Tectonic Maps Using Machine Learning
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
71 Comparison of Vegetation Indices of Crops from Satellite Images PerúSAT-1 and UAV
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Correlation Analysis of PeruSAT-1 and UAV Images
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
72 Analysis of Spatial Information Technologies Education in Jordan and Algeria
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of the Current Status at the Partners
	3 Results
		3.1 Jadara University
		3.2 JUST
		3.3 BAU
		3.4 UABT
		3.5 UKMO
		3.6 CTS
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Applied and Theoretical Geophysics
73 Comparison of Migration Methods on Seismic Reflection Data from the Marmara Sea and Its Interpretation Using Active Tectonics
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
74 Seismostratigraphic Characterization of the Rharb Basin’s Post-nappe Series (N-W Morocco)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Geometry of the Belkssiri Basin
		3.2 Sismostratigraphic Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
75 The Death Throes of the Tethys Seaway and the Birth Pangs of the Red Sea: The Geodynamics of the Levant
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geological Setting
	3 Conclusions
	References
76 Resistivity and Seismic Refraction for Solving Groundwater-Related Problems: A Case Study from North Oman
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geology of the Area
	3 Methods
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
77 Pan-African Structures Evidence of Maghreb Domain (North Africa) Revealed by Aeromagnetic and Gravity Data: Special Focus on the Tunisian Territory and Surrounding Area
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Gravity and Magnetic Data
	3 Principal Results
	4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	References
78 Postulated Precambrian Basement of the Iraq Southern Desert: A New Look Utilizing Magnetic Data
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
79 The Hadean–Cenozoic Vertical Growth of the Continental Crust on Seismic and Geological Research
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
80 Integration of Sequence Stratigraphy, Facies, and Geotemperature Analyses in the Study of Hydrocarbon Prospectivity of Bornu Basin in Northeastern (Nigeria)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Facies Analysis and Interpretation of Depositional Environments
		3.2 Sequence Stratigraphy and Seismic Facies Analysis
		3.3 Geotemperature Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
81 Use of Ultrasonic Waves for the Evaluation of the Unsaturated Zone Hydrodynamic Parameters: An Example from Merguellil Basin Downstream of El Haouareb Dam (Central Tunisia)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Soil Sampling
		2.2 Determination of Ep, Density, Wc, and UPV
		2.3 Artificial Neural Network
	3 Results
		3.1 Prediction of the Ep Using UPV, Density, and Lithology Through an ANN Model
		3.2 Prediction of Wc Using UPV, Density, and Lithology Through an ANN Model
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
82 Prediction of Late Paleocene Source Rocks in Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Settings and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
83 Analysis of Geoelectric Data Through Machine Learning Algorithms for Waste Leachate Detection
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Survey Area
	3 Results
		3.1 Geophysical Data Inversion
		3.2 Geophysical Data Clustering
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
84 Study of the Agricultural Land Salinization by Subsurface Geophysical Methods in the Merdjadja Palm Grove Touggourt Region (Algeria)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Results of Electromagnetic Survey
		3.2 Results of Electrical Sounding
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
85 Porosity Prediction from Seismic Using Machine Learning: Example from North-West Shelf Offshore Australia
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Multivariate Regression and Neural Network
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
86 MAVO: A Free Matlab-Based AVO Analysis and Interpretation Application
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 MAVO: Freeware for AVO Analysis
	3 Application
	4 Conclusions
	References
Earthquake Seismology and Geodesy
87 Prospects for Combining a Geodetic Angle Refractometer and an Electronic Tacheometer to Improve the Accuracy of Angular Measurements
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 The Compensation Way for Refraction Angle Measurement
	3 Results
	4 Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
88 K-Fold Cross-Validation: An Effective Hyperparameter Tuning Technique in Machine Learning on GNSS Time Series for Movement Forecast
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methods
		2.1 Data
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
89 Evaluation of the Accuracy of the Mosaic DEM Generated with Stereo Images of the Peruvian Satellite System (Perú)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Data Normality Test
		3.2 Tests Applied to Determine Normality
		3.3 Evaluation of the Spatial Accuracy of the MosaicoDEM
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
90 Radio Direction Finding System Applied to Identify Pre-seismic Signals in the Adriatic Sea
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Analysis
		2.1 Characteristics of the Signals
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Use of the RDF Method
	6 Conclusions
	References
91 Out-of-Sequence Faulting Is Not an Exception but a Rule: Evidence from India-Eurasia Collisional Orogen
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Methods
	3 Results and Interpretations
	4 Discussion
	References
92 Study of Seismic Precursory Nature of Soil Radon with a Network of Monitoring Stations in Eastern India
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Set-up and Method of Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
93 Destructive Intraplate Earthquakes in Arabia—The Archeoseismological Evidence
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
94 Reassessment of the November 7, 2010 Earthquake Northwest of the Aswan High Dam, Egypt
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Result and Discussion
	References
95 Seismic Assessment of Vertically Irregular RC Frame Buildings Designed Using Direct Displacement-Based Design Approach
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Description and Design of OGS Buildings
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
96 Fingerprints of the Dark Universe in Geoscience
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
97 The 18th March, 2021 Bejaia (North-East Algeria) Earthquake Mw: 5.9
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Seismotectonic Setting
	3 Data Acquisition and Analysis
	4 Results
		4.1 Mainshock and Waveform Modeling
		4.2 Aftershocks Analysis
		4.3 Source Parameters
		4.4 Discussion-Conclusion
	References
98 Site Response Mapping at Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Using the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio Technique and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
99 Kinematic and Elastic Modeling of Fault-Related-Folds: A Comparison Between El Asnam and the Sahel Active Structures
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Analysis and Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
100 Highlighted Active Tectonics Markers Along Fault-Propagation-Folds in the Tell Atlas (Algeria), Using High-Resolution Pleiades Images
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Analysis and Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Numerical and Analytical Methods in Mining Sciences and Geomechanics
101 Fractured Reservoirs: An Extensive Geomechanical Integrity Approach
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Geomechanical Modeling of Hasdrubal Field: Geological Settings and Modeling Workflow
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
102 An Investigation of the Rock Creep and Its FE Modeling
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Laboratory Study
	3 Numerical Study
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Summary
	References
103 Stability Analysis of Rock Slope Along National Road 43 (Northeast Algeria)
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Description and Morphology of the Studied Massif
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
104 Effect of Compressive Strength on Blasted Rock Fragmentation in an Aggregate Quarry
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
105 The Importance of Joint Set Measurements for Slope Stability and Design Case Study: Ikpobia BUA Quarry, Okpella, Edo State, Nigeria
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Settings and Methods
	3 Results of Kinematic Analysis
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
106 Performance of Hyperbolic Model Parameters for Non-cohesive Soil-Concrete Interface
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Materials Used
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
107 Fines Generation and Its Impacts at Morupule Underground Coal Mine, Botswana
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Coal Analysis Results and Fines Generation
		3.2 Impacts of Fines Generation
	4 Conclusions
	References