Recent Advances in Mechanical Engineering: Select Proceedings of CAMSE 2021 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

Contents
About the Editors
1 The Applications of ANOVA and Taguchi-Fis Simulation for Performance Evaluation of Machining Parameters and Subsequent Parametric Optimization During Dry Turning of A356 (Al–Si) Alloy
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
	Theory
	Results and Discussion
		The Analysis of Variance
		The Taguchi-Fis Simulation
		Machining Parameters
	Conclusions
	References
2 Aspects of 3D Printing Technology in Medical Field
	Introduction
		Medical Applications for 3D Printing
		Bio-printing Organs and Tissues
		Customization of Implants and Prostheses
		Anatomical Models for Surgical Preparation
		Custom 3D-Printed Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Devices
	Prospects of 3D Printer in Medical Applications
		Customization and Personalization
		Increased Cost Efficiency
		Enhanced Productivity
		Democratization and Collaboration
	Barriers and Controversies
		Unrealistic Expectations and Hype
		Safety and Security
		Patent and Copyright Concerns
		Regulatory Concerns
	Conclusion
	References
3 Influence of Stress on Crack Propagation in Notched Al-7075
	Introduction
	Materials and Method
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
4 Equilibrium-Optimized IMC-PD Double-Loop Control Strategy for Industrial Processes with Dead Time
	Introduction
	Control Scheme
		Design of PD Controller
		Design of IMC Controller
	PSO, GWO, and WOA
		Particle Swarm Optimization
		Grey Wolf Optimization
		Whale Optimization Algorithm
	Equilibrium Optimizer (EO)
		Initialization Search Agents
		Pool Particles
		Propagation Rate
		Exploration and Exploitation
	Simulation Results and Discussion
		Example 1
		Example 2
	Conclusion
	References
5 Fabrication of Highly Water-Repellent Surface on AISI 304 Stainless Steel Substrate Using Combination of Laser Surface Texturing and Candle Soot
	Introduction
		Selection of Material
		Literature Review
	Experimentation
		Materials
		Fabrication of Laser Textured and Candle Sooting For Superhydrophobicsurface
		Characterization
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
6 Aeroelastic Instability Characterization of Magnetorheological Fluid Filled-Core Laminated Composite Sandwich Beams
	Introduction
	Mathematical Modelling
		Governing Equations of Motion
	Results and Discussion
		Influence of Magnetic Field Intensity for Different Core Thicknesses
		Influence of Ply Orientation on Critical Aerodynamic Pressure
	Conclusions
	References
7 Comparative Performance Analysis of Different Membership Functions on Fuzzy Logic-Controlled Solar Tracking System
	Introduction
	System Modelling
	Methodology
	Results
		Main Findings
		Simulation Results and Analysis
	Conclusion
	References
8 Artificial Intelligence-Based Neural Network Prediction Model for Predicting Multi-responses of Finishing Honing Process
	Introduction
	Overview of Artificial Neural Network
	Experimental Procedure
	Results and Discussion
		Prediction of Machining Parameters by FFBP Neural Network Model
		Comparison of FFBP Neural Network Results with RSM Results
		FFBP Model’s Statistical Validation
	Conclusions
	References
9 Evaluation of the Effect of Melt Thermal Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al–7Si Alloy
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
	Results and Discussion
		Microstructural Analysis
		Cooling Curve Analysis
		Mechanical Properties
	Conclusions
	References
10 Analysis of Black Cotton Soil Stabilized with Natural Polymer
	Introduction
	Experimental Program
		Materials
	Result and Discussion
		Free Swell Index
		Liquid Limit
		Plastic Limit
		Shrinkage Limit
		Optimum Moisture Content and Maximum Dry Density
		Direct Shear Test
		Unconfined Compression Test
	Conclusions
	References
11 Modeling, Simulation, and Stress Analysis of Bone Scaffold Using Different Biocompatible Materials
	Introduction
		Bone Scaffold
	Methods and Material
		Scaffold Design
		Porosity
		Biocompatible Material
	Finite Element Analysis
		Loading Conditions
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
12 Reliability Estimation of Liquid Rocket Engine Using Crow-AMSAA Model
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Crow-AMSAA Model
		Binomial Distribution Model
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
13 Mechanical and Dynamic Characteristics of Natural Fibre Composites Using Banyan Tree Aerial Roots
	Introduction
	Methodology
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
14 Nanoparticle Enriched Cutting Fluids in Metal Cutting Operation: A Review
	Introduction
	Cutting Force
	Surface Roughness
	Tool Wear
	Conclusions
	Scope for Future Research
	References
15 Novel Multi-featured Disinfection (MFD) System for COVID-19 and Related Pandemics
	Introduction
	Material, Method and Techniques
	Conclusion and Result
	References
16 Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding Process to Investigate the Material Flow in AA7020
	Introduction
	Modeling and Simulation
		Boundary Conditions and Material Creation
		Validation of the Model
	Results and Discussion
		Case 1: Sliding Condition at Shoulder and Pin Bottom
		Case 2: Partial Sticking Condition at Shoulder and Pin Bottom Region
		Case 3: No-Slip Condition at Shoulder, Pin Lateral Surface and the Pin-Bottom Regions
		Observation of Dynamic Viscosity
	Conclusions
	References
17 Finite Element Modelling for Vibration Analysis of Composite and Sandwich Cylindrical Shells
	Introduction
	Finite Element Modeling Using ABAQUS
	Results and Discussion
		Validation
		Free Vibration Response
		Effect of Layup Angle
		Forced Vibration Response
	Conclusions
	References
18 Optimal Location of PZT Sensors and Actuators for the Metallic and Composite Structures: A Review
	Introduction
	Optimal Location of PZT Transducers
		Optimal Location of PZT Transducers on Structures Based on Experimental Studies Available in the Past
		Optimal Location of PZT Transducers on Structures Based on Different Theories, Methods and Algorithms Available in the Past
		Optimal Location of PZT Transducers on Structures Based on Simulation Studies Available in the Past
	Conclusion
	References
19 A Review on Magnetorheological Fluids and Its Application in Lower-limb Prosthetic Devices
	Introduction
	MR Fluid Materials, Properties, and Stabilization Methods
	Application of Magnetorheological Fluid in Lower Extremity Prostheses
	Conclusion
	References
20 Impact of Electric Vehicle on Load Profile
	Introduction
		Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging on Power Distribution Network
	Prediction of Load Profile of Electric Vehicles
		Type and Capacity of Battery Used in Electric Vehicle
		Charging Rate of EV Battery and Energy Efficiency of the EV
		Daily Driving Distance (D)
		State of Charge (SOC) of EV
		Charging and Discharging Duration of the EV:
	Base Load Profile
	Scheduling of EV Charging and Discharging to Improve the Overall Load Profile of the Power System Network
		Problem Formulation and System Modelling
		Techniques/tools Used for Solving Non-Linear Convex Optimization Problem
		Results and Discussions
	Conclusion
	References
21 Flow Characteristics of Power-Law Fluid Around Circular Cylinder
	Introduction
		Mathematical Formulation and Numerical Methodology
	Discussion
		Flow Characteristics (Drag Phenomena)
	Conclusions
	References
22 The Environmental, Enviro-Economic, Economic, Exergo-Economic, Analysis PVT Non-metallic Solar Water Heater
	Introduction
	Experimental Setup
	Simulation Results
	Enviro-Economic Analysis
		Environmental Analysis
		Economic Gain in Terms of Power Production
		CO2 Emission Calculations
		Enviro-Economic Analysis
	Exergo-Economic Analysis
		Cost Analysis of PVNMSWH
		Exergo-Economic Analysis
		Exergy analysis
	Conclusions
	References
23 Terfenol-D Composite Actuator For Vibration Suppression Applications: A Review
	Introduction
	Laminated Composite Straight Beams with Terfenol-D Layer
	Laminated Composite Plates with Terfenol-D Layer
	Future Direction of Research
	Concluding Remarks
	References
24 Study of the Corrosion Behavior of AA6061-T6 at Different Concentrations of NaCl in Ambient Conditions
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
		Material
		Process of Heat Treatment
		Samples Preparation
		Immersion Corrosion Test
	Results and Discussion
		Immersion Test Results
		Corrosion Rate Evaluation
		Optical Microscopy Evaluation
	Conclusions
	References
25 Smart Phone & IoT-Based Intellectual Messaging of Platform Details in Railways
	Introduction
	Background Studies
		Existing System
		IoT in Railways
	System Design
	System Implementation
	Conclusion
	References
26 Photothermal Conversion Enhancement Study of Reverse Irradiation-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector Using Ag Nanoparticles
	Introduction
		Literature Review
		Objective of the Present Work
	Experimental Test Setup
		Efficiency Parameters
	Results and Discussion
		Morphology and Optical Characteristics of Ag-NPs-Based Plasmonic Nanofluids
		Photothermal Conversion Experiments
	Conclusion
	References
27 Effect of Strain Rate on the Tensile Properties of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy AA6061-T6
	Introduction
	Experimental Set-Up
		Material
		Friction Stir Welding
		Mechanical Testing
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
28 Mechanical Behavior of Geotextile and Geogrids on Soil Stabilization: A Review
	Introduction
	Reinforcement Mechanism of Geosynthetic
		Shear Stress Reduction Effect
		Slab Effect
		Membrane Effect
		Interlocking Effect
	Discussion
		Effect of Placement Depth of Reinforcement
		Influence of Aperture Size
		Effect of Number of Reinforcing Layers
		Effect of Width of Reinforcement
	Conclusion
	References
29 Convolutional Neural Networks for Weld Defect Detection from Ultrasonic Signals
	Introduction
	Research Database
	One Dimensional to Spectrogram Conversion
	Feasibility of CNN for Weld Defect Classification
	Conclusion and Future Work
	References
30 Ergonomic Assessment of Collecting, Lifting, Throwing and Receiving Postures’ of Indian Excavation Workers Using CATIA
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
	Results
		Working Postures for Different Tasks
		RULA Analysis
		Biomechanical Analysis
		Lifting Analysis
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
31 Bike-sharing Intention: An Empirical Study in India
	Introduction
	Conceptual Framework and Hypothesis Development
		Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
		Inclusion of Additional Constructs in the TPB Model
	Research Methodology
		The Conceptual Model
		Data Collection
	Result
		Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)
		Structural Equation Analysis (SEA)
	Discussion of Results and Implications
	Conclusion
	References
32 Conceptual Iron Pan Design for Excavation Work for Collecting, Lifting, and Throwing Excavated Soil
	Introduction
	Materials and Method
	Results
		Result with Conventional Method
		Design of Conceptual Pan
		Collection of Soil in The New Conceptual Pan (Task-1)
		Lifting of Pan from Ground Level and Throwing of Soil (Task 2(a)-(b)) and (Task-3(a)-(b))
		Receiving of New Conceptual Iron Pan by Outside Worker
		Lifting Analysis as Per NIOSH 1991 Using New Conceptual Pan
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
33 Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence: Ethical, Legal Challenges and Changes in Economy and Business
	Introduction
	Voluntary Regulation and Domination
	AI and Global Governance
	Is AI Changing the Global Economy?
	AI for Societal Benefits and Challenges
	Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence
	AI: Ethical and Legal Challenges for Emerging Economies
	The Future of Global Governance
	Conclusion
	References
34 Intelligent Evaluation of Ball Bearing Health Degradation Using Wavelet Packet Transform and k-Nearest Neighbor
	Introduction
	Classification Scheme and Wavelet Transform (WT) Method
		KNN Classifier
		Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT)
	Data Description
		Test Rig and Fault Specifications
		Datasets and Fault Classes
		Fault Features
	Result and Discussion
		Effect of Different Sets of Classification Features
		Effect of Sample Size
	Conclusion
	References
35 Effect of Various Delamination Areas in Several Interfaces on Fundamental Bending and Twisting Natural Frequency of Cantilever Square 8-ply and 16-ply Composite Plates
	Introduction
	Results and Discussions
		FE Modeling in ABAQUS
		Bending Natural Frequency
		Twisting Natural Frequency
	Conclusion
	References
36 Finite Element Formulation for Static and Time Dependent Transverse Deflection of Functionally Graded Sandwich Beams with Viscoelastic Core
	Introduction
	Finite Element Formulation
		Time Dependent Shear Modulus and Deflection
	Validation of FE Model for Static Deflection
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
37 A Review on PolyJet 3-D Printing Process and Its Applications
	Introduction
	PolyJet 3-D Printing
		Working Principle
		Photopolymerisation
		Materials
		Material Delivery System
	Pre and Post Processing Studies and Applications
	Conclusion
	References
38 Effect of Plating Time and Current Density on Zn–Ni–Al Nanocoating Deposition on Mild Steel AISI 1144
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
	Results and Discussion
		Effect of Plating Time Variation in Bath1 at Constant Current Density
		Effect of Current Density Variation in Bath1 at Constant Plating Time
		Effect of Plating Time Variation in Bath2 at Constant Current Density
		Effect of Current Density Variation in Bath2 at Constant Plating Time
	Conclusion
	References
39 Numerical Model for Transient State Analysis of SGDBS System, for Water Production from Air
	Introduction
	Geometrical Parameters
		Parts and Structure of SGDBS
		SGDBS Operation
		Desiccant Preference
		Correlation with the FPCs
	Numerical Methodology
		Domain
		Meshing
		Models
		Boundary Conditions
	Validation of the Numerical Model
		Validation for Temperature Distribution
		Explanation for the Condensation Region
	Contour of Temperature Distribution
	Velocity Variation in the Domain
	Results and Significance
	Conclusion
	References
40 Fractional System Modeling of Liquid–Liquid Heat Exchanger Using Various Optimization Techniques
	Introduction
	Dynamics of Heat Exchanger
	Problem Statement
	Methodology
	Simulation Results
		Comparative Performance Analysis
	Conclusion
	References
41 Thermal Analysis of Earth Tube Heat Exchanger Using Experimental Setup and Simulation
	Introduction
	Model Description and Computational Study
		Physical Model
		Computational Study
	Experimental Setup and Procedure
		Uncertainty Analysis
	Results and Discussion
		Model Validation
		Temperature Variation Along Pipe
		Results Analysis for Different Cases
		Effectiveness of Different Parameters Using ANOVA
	Conclusions
	References
42 Analysing the Effect of Fixture on Manual Welding Application
	Introduction
	Mounting Bracket Applications on Automobiles
	Results and Discussion
		Manufacturing of Mounting Bracket
		Design of Fixture for Holding the Sub-assembly Bracket
		Material Selection and Design for the Fixture
	Conclusion
	References
43 Investigation of Two Phase Numerical Modeling Considering Free Surface Effect for Operating Hydrokinetic Turbine in an Open Channel
	Introduction
	System Modeling Parameters
	Three Dimensional Two Phase Numerical Modeling
		Domain Development and Generation of Mesh
		Implementation of Boundary Conditions
	Experimental Layout
	Results and Discussion
		Impact of Turbine Operation on Flow Velocity
		Power Coefficient at Different Tip Speed Ratio
		Flow Visualization Through Velocity Contours
		Pressure Contours
	Conclusions
	References
44 Multiphysics Simulation of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) to Study Its Polarization Characteristics Under Different Oxygen Concentrations
	Introduction
	Mathematical Model Adopted
		Governing Equations
		Physical Model
		Basic Parameters
		Numerical Procedure
	Results and Discussion
		Performance of PEFC with Pure Oxygen
		Performance of PEFC with 10% Oxygen
		Performance of PEFC with 7.5% Oxygen
	Conclusion
	References
45 Implementation of Robotics and Autonomous Systems in Agriculture
	Introduction
	Technology Use in Agriculture Robotics
	Autonomous Agricultural System
	Conclusion and Future Aspect
	References
46 A Review on Crystallographic Enhancements Imparted by Equal Channel Angular Pressing on AA6XXX Alloy System
	Introduction
	Microstructural modifications
	Grain Texture Re-orientation
	Dislocation Strengthening
	Conclusions
	References
47 Grain Refinement Effectiveness of Various Severe Plastic Deformation Techniques on Tubular Materials—A Review
	Introduction
	Literature Reviewed
	Microstructural Investigation of ECAP Variants for Processing Tubular Materials
		Integrated Extrusion—ECAP-Processed Copper Tubes with Lead Mandrel
		ECAP (Hydraulic Oil Mandrel) Processed AA6061
		Hydrostatic Extrusion Integrated with Circular Equal Channel Angular Pressing of MgAZ80
	Circumferential Multi-Pass ECAP-Based Techniques
		Tube Channel-Pressed AA1050 Tubes
		Tube Channel Angular Pressing of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
		Parallel Tubular Channel Angular Pressing & Tube Backward Extruded of AZ31 Magnesium alloy—A Combined SPD Technique
	Torsion-Based Shearing Techniques
		High-Pressure Tube Twisting of AA1050 Tubes
		Tube High-Pressure Shearing of CP Aluminum Tubes
	Rotating Tool-Based Techniques
		Spin Bonding of AA1050 Tubes
		Friction Stir Back Extrusion-Processed AA6063 Tubes
	Conclusions
	References
48 Effect of Temperature Variation on a Solar PV Module in Dubai Winter Climate
	Introduction
	Solar Cell
	Overview of UAE Temperature Trend
	Experiment
	Results and Discussions
	Conclusion
	References
49 Flow Rate Optimization of a Parabolic Trough Solar Collector Using Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm
	Introduction
	Numerical Model of PTSC
	Results and Discussion
		Model Validation
		HTF Flow Rate—Impact and Improvement
		Estimation of Optimal Flow Rate
	Conclusion
	References
50 Heuristic Controller Design for Inverted Pendulum Using Bond Graph Approach
	Introduction
	Bond Graph Model of Inverted Pendulum System
		Mathematical Model
		Bond Graph Model
		Controller Design
		Simulation Parameters
	Experimental Setup Description
		Block Diagram of Experimental Setup
		Block Diagram of Experimental Setup
		Block Diagram of Experimental Setup
	Conclusions
	References
51 Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Latent Heat-Based Energy Storage System Using Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material
	Introduction
	Model Description and Computational Study
		Physical Model
		Computational Study
	Experimentation
	Results and Discussions
		Simulation
		Experimental Results
	Conclusion
	References
52 Combined Effect of Texture and Coating on the Performance of Slider Bearings
	Introduction
	Numerical Study—Literatures
	Experimental Study—Literature
	Conclusions
	References
53 A Novel Technological Approach for the Electrical Energy Generation in the Form of Alternating Current/Direct Current from the Human Energy by Cyclic Pedaling Contribution Title
	Introduction
	Alternating Current Generation
		Human Energy as Input
		Gearbox Arrangement
		The Alternating Current Generation
		AC to DC Converter
	Direct Current Generation
		AC to DC Conversion
	Comparison
		Thermal Power Plant
		Nuclear Power Plant
		Hydropower Plant
		Solar Power Plant
		Wind Power Plant
	Conclusion
	References
54 Predictive Modeling of Surface Roughness Using Machine and Deep Learning Frameworks from Experimental Data of Chemically Etched Polished Silicon Wafer with DDMAF
	Introduction
	Predictive Modeling of Experimental Data Using Scikit-Learn API
	Modeling with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Using Keras Sequential
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusions
	References
55 An Ensembled Intense Approach for Image Inpainting
	Introduction
	Procedure and Implementation
		Structural Diagram of Proposed System
		Procedure
		Tools Used
		Implementation Setup
	Result Analysis
	Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
56 Conversion Algorithm from Nodal to Edge Finite Element Data Structure for Higher Order Elements
	Introduction
	Construction of Edge Shape Functions
		Twelve Edge Quadrilateral Element
		Eight Edge Triangular Element
	Conversion Technique
		Creation of Edge Connectivity Matrix
	Eigenvalue Problems
		Square Domain with Conducting Boundaries
		Curved L-Shape with Conducting Boundaries
	Conclusions
	References
57 Improvements in Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of AA6061 Processed by Cyclic Channel Compression
	Introduction
	Process Methodology
		Material Preparation
		Fabrication of the Purpose Built Die
		Cyclic Channel Compression of the Work Pieces
	Results and Discussion
		Macrostructure
		Micro Hardness Measurements
		Microstructure
	Conclusions
	References
58 Comparison of Selective Reduced Integration, Enhanced Assumed Strain and Assumed Natural Strain Formulation in Alleviating Locking
	Introduction
	Conventional and Advanced FEM in Linear Elasticity Regime
		Conventional FEM
		Selective Reduced Integration (SRI)
		Enhanced Assumed Strain (EAS)
		Assumed Natural Strain (ANS)
	Numerical Examples
		Straight Cantilever Beam
		Curved Cantilever Beam
	Summary
	References
59 Aerodynamic Optimization of Over-The-Wing-Nacelle (OWN) Configuration
	Introduction
	Physical Model and Flow Analysis
		DLR F6
		DLR F6 Without Nacelle
		DLR F6 with OWN Configuration
		Modification of Wing
		Nacelle Modification
	Conclusion
	References
60 Understanding the Behavior of Stationary Crack Embedded in C-ring Specimen
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
		Graphical 2D Model and Assigned Material
		Boundary and Loading Conditions
		Crack Modeling and Meshing
		Crack Model Validation
	Results and Discussion
		Pre-crack Results
		Post-crack Results
	Conclusion
	References
61 Simulation Study of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for the Textile Effluent Treatment
	Introduction
	Model Development
		Heat and Mass Transfer Correlations
	Algorithm for Model Development
	Results
		Impact of Feed Temperature on Permeate Flux
		Impact of Feed Temperature on Thermal Efficiency
		Impact of Feed Flow Rate on Temperature Polarization
		Impact of Flow Rate on Thermal Efficiency
		Impact of Permeate Temperature on Permeate Flux
		Impact of Pressure Drop on Permeate Flux
	Conclusions
	References
62 Investigation of Cryogenic-Treated Tool During Drilling of Austenitic Stainless Steel
	Introduction
	Experimental Method
	Results and Discussion
		Cutting Force
		Surface Roughness
		Roundness Error
		Burr Height
	Conclusion
	References
63 Design and Analysis of Helicopter Tail Using Composite Materials
	Introduction
	Design Calculation
		Selection of Helicopter
		Calculation of Tail Boom Dimensions
		Calculation of Loads and Forces on Tail Boom Assembly
		Airfoil Selection
	Modeling of Tail Boom Assembly
	Meshing of Tail Boom Assembly
	Selection of Composite Materials
	Static Analysis of Tail Boom Assembly
	RPM-Based Analysis of Tail Boom Assembly
	Modal Analysis of Tail Boom Assembly
	Conclusion
	References
64 Chemical Etching of Al7075 Alloy with NaOH
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
	Experimental Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
65 Sisal Fiber/Fly Ash-Reinforced Hybrid Polypropylene Composite: An Investigation into the Thermal, Rheological, and Crystallographic Properties
	Introduction
	Materials, Methods, and Experiments
		Materials
		Methods
	Testing and Characterization
		X-ray Diffraction
		Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
		Rheology Analysis
	Results and Discussions
		XRD Analysis
		DSC
		Rheology
	Conclusions
	References
66 Thermohydraulic Characteristics of Microchannel Heat Sinks Used in Electronic Cooling Applications
	Introduction
	Mathematical Formulation
	Results and Discussion
		Grid Independence Test
		Hydraulic Characteristics
		Thermal Characteristics
	Conclusion
	References
67 Performance Analysis of Two-stage Humidification and Dehumidification Desalination with VCR
	Introduction
	Methodology
		System Description
	Results and Discussion
		Validation
	Conclusion
	References
68 Effect of Information Sharing on Supply Chain Management: A Case Study
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Profile of ABC Limited
		Supply Chain of ABC Limited
		SWOT Analysis and Cause and Effect Diagram
	Supply Chain Simulation Model
	Simulation Experiment
		Performance Measures
		Information-sharing Strategies and Parameters
	Result and Discussion
		Information-sharing Strategies and Parameters
		Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
69 Power Management for Hybrid Energy Systems Using Droop Control
	Introduction
	Micro-grid System
		Model of DG and BESS
		Model of Battery ESS (BESS)
		Wind Energy Conversion System
	Droop Control Strategy
		PID Controller
		Proposed ANN Controller
		The Equivalent TF of the MG System
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
70 Numerical Study of a Horizontal Axis Washing Machine for Linear and Nonlinear Vibration
	Introduction
	Mathematical Model
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
71 Implementation of Intelligent Control for pH Neutralization Process
	Introduction
	Experimental Setup
	Mathematical Modeling for CSTR
	Open-loop Curve of Simulink Model for pH Process
	Design of Controllers
		Fuzzy Logic pH Control (FLPC)
		Conventional PID Controller
		Internal Model Control (IMC)
		Smith Predictor
	Simulation and Results
	Conclusion
	References
72 A Droop Control Scheme for Load Sharing in Parallel DC-DC Boost Converter
	Introduction
	Proposed Droop Index Approach
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
73 Numerical Study of Droplet Formation in a Double T-junction Microchannel
	Introduction
	Computational Methodology
	Model Validation
	Results and Discussions
		Effect of Interfacial Tension (γ)
		Effect of Viscosity Contrast (μr)
		Effect of Contact Angle (θ)
		Effect of Junction Angle (λ)
		Effect of Inlet Tapering
	Conclusions
	References
74 Parametric Study of Tensile Properties of Hybrid Composite Using FEM
	Introduction
	Material and Methodology
	Results and Discussion
		Parametric Study
	Conclusion
	References
75 Investigation on Effects of Different Graphite Grades on Electric Discharge Machining of Hybrid Tool Steel
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
	Results
		Result for MRR
		For Rz Values
	Conclusion
	References
76 Design and Development of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System with Enhancements
	Introduction
	Design Description
		Modeling and Analysis
		Physical System
		Tracking Scheme
		Bond Graph Modeling
		Simulation of the System
	Conclusion
	References
77 Comparative Study of Conventional and Proposed Organic Flash Cycle Using Waste Heat Recovery System
	Introduction
	System Description
	Mathematical Modeling
		Conventional OFC
		Proposed OFC:
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
78 Double Compound Combination Hybrid Projective Synchronization in a Non Identical Fractional-Order Chaotic System with Different Dimensions
	Introduction
	Problem Formulation of Double Compound Combination Hybrid Projective Synchronization Scheme (DCCHPS)
	Numerical Example
	Numerical Simulation
	Conclusion
	References
79 Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Semicircular Tube at Different Orientations
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Geometry and Boundary Condition
		Numerical Methodology
		Governing Equations
	Grid Independent Test and Model Validation
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
80 Estimates of Cruciate Ligament Forces Resulting from Anterior Tibial Translation During Simulated Flexion Motion of the Human Knee
	Introduction
	Methods
	Results and Analysis
	Conclusion and Clinical Relevance
	References
81 A Computation Study of Filtration Process with Different Pleat Shapes
	Introduction
	Numerical Methodology
	Result and Discussion
		Code Validation Study
		V-Shape Pleat
		M-Shape Pleat
	Conclusion
	References
82 Joining of PA-6/PA-6 Rods Through ECAP-Based Y-shape Extrusion Channel
	Introduction
	Design of Die Channel
	Joining of Polymers
	Required Punch Load for Y-shape Extrusion Channel
	Method of Property Characterization
		Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
		X-ray Diffractometer Analysis
	Conclusions
	References
83 Mathematical Modelling of Integer Order PID and FOPID Controller for DC-DC Boost Converter
	Introduction
	Modelling and Formulation
		Characteristics of Integer Order PID Controller Law
		Characteristics of Fractional Order PID Controller Law
	Result and Discussion
		Case: 1. Performance Evaluation Under Source Voltage Variation
		Case: 2. Performance Evaluation Under Load Perturbation Condition
	Conclusion
	References
84 WEDM of K390 Tool Steel
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
	Experimental Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
85 Modeling and Analysis of Defect Data—A Time Series Approach
	Introduction
	Literature Review
	Methodology
		Test for Stationarity
		Autocorrelation and Model Estimation
		Forecasting
	Time Series Analysis of Refrigerator Liner Defect Data
		Defect Data Definition
		Data Analysis
		Comparison of Actual with Predicted Rejection Rates
	Conclusion
	References
86 Modeling and Simulation of an Aerofoil Using Ansys
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Modelling and Meshing of an Aerofoil Naca 4412
		CFD Simulation of NACA 4412 Aerofoil
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
87 Investigation on the Performance of Modified Piezoelectric Cantilever Energy Harvester and Storage for Wireless Sensor Node
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
		Design
		Working Principle
	Theory
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
88 Improving Maintenance Productivity Through Proper Planning: Wrench Time Analysis in an Engineering Workshop of an Integrated Steel Plant
	Introduction
	The Need to Assess Maintenance Productivity
	Cost Benefit and Wrench Time Improvement
	Shortcomings of Wrench Time Analysis
	Conclusion
	References
89 Automated Testing for Quality Inspection of Food Grains
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Design and Analysis
		Fabrication
		Electronics and Programming
		Programming
		Testing
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
90 Making of Religious Components Using Reverse Engineering Technology
	Introduction
	Case Study
	Generation of the G-Codes
	Conclusion
	References
91 Modeling and Optimization of the Performance Parameters of a Single Pass Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger—An Approach Using Response Surface Methodology
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
	Applying Response Surface Methodology
	Results and Discussion
		Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
		Graphical Analysis
		Analysis of Response Surface Plots
	Conclusion
	References
92 A Simulink Model for Single-Axis Servo Control Mechanism Using Bond Graph Approach
	Introduction
	Development of the Simulink Model for the Physical System
		Bond Graph Model
		Dynamic Equations of the System
		Signal Flow Graph of the System
		Block Diagram of the System
		Transfer Function of the System
		Simulink Model
	Results
	Conclusion
	References
93 An Experimental Setup for the Trajectory and Force Control of the Tip of a Three-Link Serial Manipulator
	Introduction
	Design and Development
		Material Selection and Manufacturing for the Component
		SOLIDWORKS Model of the Setup:
	Bond Graph Modelling
	Trajectory Control for the Tip of the Manipulator
		Simulation
	Force Control for the Tip of the Manipulator
	Conclusion
	References
94 Impact of Gravity Variation on the Onset of Double-Diffusive Convection in a Horizontal Porous Layer with a Boundary Slab of Finite Conductivity
	Introduction
	Conceptual Model
	Mathematical Formulation
	Long-wavelength Asymptotic Analysis
	Result Analysis and Discussion
	Conclusions
	References
95 Computational Study on R134a Refrigerant for Vortex Tube Condenser for Automotive Air-Conditioner
	Introduction
	Modelling and Simulation
		Geometry
		Governing Equations
		Boundary Conditions
	Result and Discussion
		Comparison and Results Analysis of Prototypes Without Heat Transfer (Adiabatic)
		Comparison of Heat Flux for Proto-I and II in Air and R134a Refrigerant
	Conclusion and Future Work
	References
96 Finite Element Analysis Approach to Study Modal and Harmonic Response of Bracket Made of Composite Material
	Introduction
	Materials and Methods
	Results and Discussion
		Harmonic Analysis
	Conclusions
	References
98 In-Pressure Magnetically Induced Arc Butt Welding of Alloy Steel Tubes
	Introduction
	Experimental Setup
	Experimental Procedure
	Results
		Metallurgical Analysis Results
		Test Result of Radiography
		X-ray Diffraction Characterization Results
	Conclusions
	References
99 Variation in Unevenness of Surface in Machining Ti–6Al–4 V Due to Change in Key Variables of Micro-Electric Discharge Milling Process
	Introduction
	Techniques Used for Investigation
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusions
	References
100 TIC/CR23C6 Composite Coating by Inert Gas Metal Process on Stainless Steel Microstructural and Microhardness Physical Characteristics
	Introduction
	Experimental Procedure
	Results and Discussions
		Microhardness Variation
	Wear Characteristics
	Conclusions
	References
101 Impact of Port Injection Pressures Heat Transfer Properties of the Hydrogen-Fuelled Engine
	Introduction
	Methodology
		Engine Model
		Heat Transfer Modelling Equations
	Model Description
		Model Validation
		Intake Pressure Effect on the Rate of Heat Transfer
		Effect of the Heat Transfer Intake Charge Temperature
	Conclusion
	References
102 Use of Porous Medium for Investing Solar Air Heaters Experimentally
	Introduction
	Porous Media
	Experimental Setup
	Result and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
103 Enhancement in Quality and Productivity Using TPM
	Introduction
	Supply Chain Strategy Analysis
		TPM Concepts
	Problem Definition
		Methodology for Problem Definition
	Solution Methodologies
		Calculation of OEE of Dyeing Machine
	Results and Discussion
		Comparison of OEEs
	Conclusions
	References
104 Numerical Simulation of Wire Electrode Temperature Profiles in Three Dimensions During the Electric Dump Process
	Introduction
	Thermal Model Development
		Presumptions
		Equations
		Boundary Limitations
		Radius of Spark
		Wire Electrode Heat Fluxz
		Methodology
	Results
		Experimentation to Validate Models
		Analysis of Parameters
	Conclusion
	References
105 Deviations in Physical Properties on Titanium Micro-alloying of Aluminium-2xxx Series Alloy
	Introduction
	Investigation Process
		Main Alloy
		Basic Components
		Alloy Formation
		Labelling of Alloys
		Generation of Sample
		Examination of Micro-strength
		Experiment Using Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM)
	Results and Discussions
		EDS and SEM Investigation
	Conclusions
	References
106 Improvements in Microwave Cure Coir Composites and Microwave Power Optimization
	Introduction
	Material Used and Their Investigated Outcomes
		Raw Resources (Material)
		Composite Fabrication
		Mechanism of Microwave Curing
	Mechanical Characterization and Testing
	Results
		Tensile Strength
		Optimization of Multiple Responses
	Conclusions
	References
107 Minimization of Trim Loss During Reel Cutting at Paper Mill by Using Different Optimization Algorithms
	Introduction
		Objectives of the Work
	Problem Statement
	Mathematical Modeling
	Arrangement Strategy of One-Dimensional Cutting Stock Problem
		Formulation of Objective Function
	Solution Approaches
		Dual Simplex Method
		Particle Swarm Optimization
		Genetic Algorithm
	Result Analysis
	Conclusion
	References