Real Estate Management in China

Contents
1 Introduction to the Real Estate Industry
	1.1 Definitions and Categories of Chinese Real Estate
		1.1.1 Definitions
		1.1.2 Categories
	1.2 Revenues from the Chinese Real Estate Industry
		1.2.1 Introduction
		1.2.2 Contributions of the Real Estate Industry
		1.2.3 Investments in the Real Estate Industry
		1.2.4 Changes in Real Estate Industry Revenues
		1.2.5 Revenues of Listed Real Estate Companies
		1.2.6 Changes in the Modes of Making Profits of the Chinese Real Estate Industry
	1.3 Chinese Real Estate Taxes
		1.3.1 Definition
		1.3.2 Features
		1.3.3 Categories of Real Estate Taxes
		1.3.4 Economic Position of Real Estate Taxes
		1.3.5 Development of Real Estate Taxes
	1.4 Employments in the Real Estate Industry
		1.4.1 Provide Employment Opportunities
		1.4.2 Promote Employment in Other Industries
	1.5 Improving Living Conditions
		1.5.1 Progress in Living Conditions
		1.5.2 Characteristics of Chinese Housing Developments
	1.6 Nonresidential Real Estate
		1.6.1 Types of Nonresidential Real Estate
		1.6.2 Statistics of Nonresidential Real Estate
	1.7 Promoting GDP Development
		1.7.1 Relationship Between the Real Estate Industry and GDP
		1.7.2 Real Estate Industry Accounting Content
		1.7.3 Promoting GDP by the Real Estate Industry
	1.8 Promoting the Development of Other Industries
		1.8.1 Influence of the Real Estate Industry on Other Industries
		1.8.2 Linkage Between the Real Estate Industry and the Economy
	1.9 Supporting Development of Financial Institutions
		1.9.1 Development of Real Estate Finance
		1.9.2 Current Status of Chinese Real Estate Finance
	1.10 Construction of New Towns by the Real Estate Industry
		1.10.1 Introduction
		1.10.2 Specific Cases
		1.10.3 Promoting Urbanization
	1.11 Renovation of Old Towns and Renewing of Cities in China's Real Estate Industry
		1.11.1 Stages of Urban Renewal in China
		1.11.2 Urban Renewal Practices in China's Real Estate Industry
	1.12 Composition of Real Estate Enterprises in China
		1.12.1 Definition of Real Estate Enterprises in China
		1.12.2 Composition of Real Estate Enterprises in China
		1.12.3 Current Sales Situation of Chinese Real Estate Enterprises
	1.13 Total Real Estate Value in China
		1.13.1 Housing Supply and Value Statistics in China's Urban Areas
		1.13.2 Reasons for the Increase in the Total Value of Real Estate in China
	1.14 Chinese People’s Perception of Housing
		1.14.1 Chinese People’s Home Buying Goals
		1.14.2 Chinese People's Home Buying Behavior
		1.14.3 Chinese People’s Perception of Housing
	1.15 Home Ownership Rate and Its Changes in China
		1.15.1 Current Status of Home Ownership Rate in China
		1.15.2 Changes in Home Ownership Rates in China
	1.16 The Expectation of the Chinese People on the Industry
		1.16.1 Current Development of China's Real Estate Industry
		1.16.2 Chinese Residents’ Expectations of the Industry
	1.17 Composition and Evolution of Wealth of the Population
		1.17.1 The Current Situation of Asset Allocation of Chinese Households
		1.17.2 The Evolution of China's Household Asset Structure
	1.18 General Situation of Other Real Estate
		1.18.1 Current Status of Business Real Estate Development
		1.18.2 Current Status of Industrial Real Estate Development
2 Management Basis and Institutions
	2.1 Real Estate Administration Laws and Regulations
		2.1.1 Main Laws
		2.1.2 Main Rules and Regulations
	2.2 Important Policies for Real Estate Administration
		2.2.1 Encouragement for Both Renting and Purchase
		2.2.2 Real Estate “Destocking”
		2.2.3 The Principle of “Houses Are for Living in, not for Speculation”
		2.2.4 Tax and Fee Cuts
	2.3 Competent Departments Related to Real Estate Industry
		2.3.1 The Ministry of Housing and Urban–Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China
		2.3.2 Ministry of Natural Resources
		2.3.3 National Development and Reform Commission
		2.3.4 People’s Bank of China
		2.3.5 State Administration for Industry and Commerce
		2.3.6 State Administration of Taxation
	2.4 Industry Associations
		2.4.1 China Real Estate Industry Association
		2.4.2 Housing Rental Industry Association
		2.4.3 Security Housing Association
		2.4.4 China Real Estate Housing Industrialization Association
	2.5 Market Regulators
		2.5.1 State Administration for Market Regulation
		2.5.2 Department of Real Estate Market Supervision
	2.6 Financial Support Institutions
		2.6.1 Real Estate Financial Institutions
		2.6.2 Classification
3 Management of Practitioners
	3.1 Training of Real Estate Management Professionals
	3.2 Education and Training of Public Officials
	3.3 Continuing Education of Practitioners
		3.3.1 Definition
		3.3.2 Problems in Continuing Education
		3.3.3 Transformation Path
	3.4 System of Working with Legal Certificate
	3.5 Access Restriction
	3.6 Disciplinary Actions Against Those Who Violate Party Regulations and Disciplines
	3.7 Administrative Discipline for Staff of State Organs
	3.8 Disciplinary Actions Against Those Who Violate Laws, Regulations and Disciplines
		3.8.1 Disciplinary Actions Against the Violation of Laws and Regulations by Staff Members of Public Institutions
		3.8.2 Disciplinary Actions Against Violation of Laws and Regulations by Civil Servants
4 Development Management
	4.1 Land Acquisition: Means and Methods
		4.1.1 Land Acquisition Means
		4.1.2 Land Acquisition Methods
	4.2 Cultivated Land Supply
		4.2.1 Cultivated Land
		4.2.2 Cultivated Land Development
		4.2.3 Cultivated Land Supply
	4.3 Seven Connections and One Leveling (Three Connections and One Leveling)
		4.3.1 Three Connections and One Leveling
		4.3.2 Seven Connections and One Leveling
		4.3.3 Differences
	4.4 Demolition
		4.4.1 Definition
		4.4.2 Demolition Compensation
	4.5 Nail Households
		4.5.1 Meaning and Features
		4.5.2 Causes of Nail Households
	4.6 Construction Land Planning
		4.6.1 The Basic
		4.6.2 Common Problems in Planning
	4.7 Construction Project Planning
		4.7.1 The Basic
		4.7.2 Classification
		4.7.3 Procedures
	4.8 Floor Area Ratio
		4.8.1 The Basic
		4.8.2 Relevant Regulations and Features
	4.9 Neighborhood in the Community
		4.9.1 The Basic
		4.9.2 Influencing Factors
	4.10 Conservation of Cultural Relics and Historic Sites
		4.10.1 Basic Content
		4.10.2 Conservation Principles
		4.10.3 Existing Problems
	4.11 Retaining Nostalgia
		4.11.1 Basic Content
		4.11.2 The Meaning of Nostalgia Culture
		4.11.3 Dilemma
	4.12 Construction Safety Management
		4.12.1 Basic Content
		4.12.2 Construction Characteristics
		4.12.3 Characteristics of Construction Safety Management
		4.12.4 Policies and Principles of Construction Safety Management
		4.12.5 Construction Safety Management System and Liability System
	4.13 Intelligent Construction
		4.13.1 Basic Content
		4.13.2 Features of Intelligent Construction
		4.13.3 Development Goals of Intelligent Construction
	4.14 Green Development
		4.14.1 Concept Definition
		4.14.2 Main Content and Goals
		4.14.3 The Significance of Green Development in Real Estate Development
	4.15 Green Infrastructure
		4.15.1 Basic Content
		4.15.2 Development Phase
		4.15.3 Influencing Factors
		4.15.4 Development Trend
	4.16 Environmental Protection: Excavation, Waste Water, Waste, Mound, Dust and Noise Control
		4.16.1 Concept Definition
		4.16.2 Environmental Protection Process
		4.16.3 Control Methods
	4.17 Project Quality Control (The Control of Project Quality of Authorities Concerned)
		4.17.1 Concept Definition
		4.17.2 The Meaning of Project Quality Control
		4.17.3 The Development History of Government Supervision and Management of Project Quality
		4.17.4 Existing Mode of Construction Engineering Quality Supervision and Management System in China
	4.18 Acceptance and Handover of Project Completion
		4.18.1 Concept Definition
		4.18.2 Management Procedures for Project Completion Acceptance and Handover
		4.18.3 Legal Significance of Project Handover
		4.18.4 Common Problems in Practical Management
	4.19 Luban Prize
		4.19.1 Concept Definition
		4.19.2 Award History
		4.19.3 Cultural Tradition and Spirit
		4.19.4 Significance of the Award
5 Sales Management
	5.1 Presale Permit
	5.2 Registration and Filing
	5.3 Sales License
	5.4 Consumption Loan
	5.5 Special Account for House Selling Funds
		5.5.1 Special Account for Fund Supervision
		5.5.2 Supervision of Funds for Transactions of Stocking Houses
		5.5.3 Supervision of Presale Funds of Commercial Housing
	5.6 Housing Purchase Accreditation
	5.7 Housing Purchase Restriction
	5.8 Zero Down Payment
	5.9 Payment of Residential Special Maintenance Funds
	5.10 Roughcast Housing Handover
	5.11 Hardbound Housing Handover
	5.12 Housing Purchase Contract (Sales Contract)
	5.13 Housing Decoration Contract
	5.14 Disposal of Illegal Sales
6 Property Services
	6.1 Property and Residential Community
		6.1.1 Property
		6.1.2 Property Management of the Residence Community
		6.1.3 Service Characteristics of Property Management in Residential Communities
		6.1.4 Content of Property Management in Residential Communities
	6.2 Community Construction
		6.2.1 Definitions of Community
		6.2.2 Elements of Community
		6.2.3 Functions of Community
		6.2.4 Content of Community Construction
	6.3 The Intervention of Street Office and Residents Committee in Property Management
		6.3.1 Definition and Function of Street Office
		6.3.2 Definition and Function of Residents Committee
		6.3.3 The Intervention of Residents Committee in Property Management
		6.3.4 The Intervention of Street Offices in Property Management
	6.4 Green Community and Residential Community Construction
		6.4.1 Green Community
		6.4.2 Green Residential Community
		6.4.3 Content of Construction
	6.5 Community Grid Management
		6.5.1 Definition
		6.5.2 Problems
		6.5.3 Countermeasures
	6.6 Communist Party Members Move Down to Community
		6.6.1 Definition
		6.6.2 Significance
		6.6.3 Countermeasures
	6.7 Management of Waste Classification in the Residential Community
		6.7.1 Waste Classification
		6.7.2 Classification of Domestic Waste
		6.7.3 Necessity of Waste Classification
		6.7.4 Current Situations and Problems of Waste Classification
		6.7.5 Countermeasures
	6.8 High Altitude Parabolic in Residential Community
		6.8.1 Definition
		6.8.2 Laws
		6.8.3 Preventive Measures
	6.9 Recruitment of Property Service Enterprises
		6.9.1 Property Service Enterprises
		6.9.2 Bidding and Tendering
		6.9.3 Methods of Bidding and Tendering
	6.10 Charges for Property Services
		6.10.1 Types of Property Services
		6.10.2 Charge for Property Services
	6.11 Residential Special Maintenance Fund
		6.11.1 Definition
		6.11.2 Deposit of Funds
		6.11.3 Escrow of Funds
		6.11.4 Storage of Funds
		6.11.5 Transfer of Funds
		6.11.6 Renewal of Funds
		6.11.7 Use of Funds
7 Real Estate Fund Management
	7.1 Requirements for the Proportion of Own Funds of Real Estate Enterprises
		7.1.1 Raising of Own Funds
		7.1.2 Requirements of Proportion
	7.2 Developmental Loans for Real Estate Enterprises
		7.2.1 Working Capital Loan for Real Estate Development
		7.2.2 Real Estate Development Project Loan
	7.3 Real Estate Credit Funds
		7.3.1 Real Estate Development Enterprises
		7.3.2 Real Estate Financial Institutions
		7.3.3 Real Estate Consumers
		7.3.4 Central Bank or Local Financial Management Institution
	7.4 Real Estate Investment Trust Funds
		7.4.1 Concept
		7.4.2 Overseas Development of REITs
		7.4.3 Development of REITs in China
	7.5 Real Estate Mortgage and Mortgage Management
		7.5.1 Real Estate Mortgage
		7.5.2 Real Estate Mortgage
		7.5.3 Differences Between Real Estate Mortgages and Mortgages
	7.6 Listing of Real Estate Enterprises
		7.6.1 Concept and Types of Real Estate Enterprises
		7.6.2 Listing of Real Estate Development Enterprises
	7.7 Real Estate Securitization
		7.7.1 Concept, Characteristics and Classifications
		7.7.2 Development History
	7.8 Housing Loan Restriction
		7.8.1 Concept
		7.8.2 Development History
	7.9 Housing Consumption Loan
		7.9.1 Concept and Types
		7.9.2 Characteristics
		7.9.3 Application Conditions
	7.10 Illegal Fund Raising
		7.10.1 Concept
		7.10.2 Modes and Characteristics
		7.10.3 Harm
		7.10.4 Supervision Methods
		7.10.5 Typical Case
8 Market Management
	8.1 Real Estate Trading Market
		8.1.1 Concept
		8.1.2 Characteristics
		8.1.3 Development Process
	8.2 House Price Management
		8.2.1 Background and Significance
		8.2.2 Purpose of Management and Housing Price Regulation Policies
	8.3 Second-Hand Housing Transaction Management
		8.3.1 Definition
		8.3.2 The Status Quo in China
		8.3.3 Transaction Process
	8.4 Rental Housing Management
		8.4.1 The Forms and Management Status
		8.4.2 Reason for the Loss of House Rental Tax
		8.4.3 Countermeasures
	8.5 Housing Lease Contract
		8.5.1 Housing Lease Contract
		8.5.2 Template of Housing Lease Contract
	8.6 Construction of Public Rental Housing Platform
		8.6.1 Concept of Public Rental Housing
		8.6.2 Characteristics of Public Rental Housing
		8.6.3 Public Rental Housing Information Platform
	8.7 Real Estate Speculation Monitoring
		8.7.1 The Concept of Real Estate Speculation
		8.7.2 The Harm of Excessive Speculation in Real Estate
		8.7.3 Reasons for Real Estate Speculation
		8.7.4 Real Estate Speculation Monitoring Methods
	8.8 Wenzhou Real Mission
		8.8.1 Origin
		8.8.2 Development History
		8.8.3 Experiences and Lessons
	8.9 Real Estate Fraud
		8.9.1 Concept
		8.9.2 Types
		8.9.3 Reasons
		8.9.4 Suggestions
	8.10 Limited Property House
		8.10.1 Concept
		8.10.2 Harms
		8.10.3 Reasons
		8.10.4 Countermeasures
	8.11 Payment of Land Granting Fees
		8.11.1 Basis
		8.11.2 Reasons for the Supplementary Payment
	8.12 Home Office
	8.13 Home Business
9 Housing Security System
	9.1 Housing Distribution
		9.1.1 Classification
		9.1.2 Characteristics
		9.1.3 Problems
	9.2 Housing System Reform
		9.2.1 Background
		9.2.2 Content of Housing System Reform
		9.2.3 Housing Reform Continued to Deepen
	9.3 Anju Housing
		9.3.1 Origin and Development
		9.3.2 Development Model
	9.4 Fund-Raising Houses
		9.4.1 Land Acquisition and Ownership
		9.4.2 Security Object
	9.5 Housing Cooperatives
		9.5.1 Development
		9.5.2 Form of Housing Cooperatives
		9.5.3 Practical Significance
	9.6 Low Rent Housing
		9.6.1 Implementation Mode
		9.6.2 Integration of Low Rent Housing and Public Rental Housing
	9.7 Affordable Housing
	9.8 Public Rental Housing
		9.8.1 Operation Mode
		9.8.2 Provisions for Public Rental Housing
		9.8.3 Necessity
	9.9 Housing Accumulation Fund
		9.9.1 Definition
		9.9.2 Relevant Provisions
		9.9.3 The Role of the Housing Accumulation Fund System
	9.10 Mutual-Property Right Housing
		9.10.1 Definition
		9.10.2 Pricing Principle
		9.10.3 Trading Rules
		9.10.4 Advantages
	9.11 Housing Subsidy
		9.11.1 Concept and Types
		9.11.2 Comparison of Social Security Housing Policies
		9.11.3 Evolution of Social Security Housing Policies in China
	9.12 Allocation Housing by Lottery System
		9.12.1 Allocation of Public Rent Housing by Lottery System
		9.12.2 Problems
		9.12.3 Improvement
	9.13 Resettlement Housing
		9.13.1 Definition
		9.13.2 Transition Resettlement Housing
		9.13.3 Demolition Resettlement Housing
10 Enterprise Management
	10.1 Real Estate Enterprises
		10.1.1 Definitions
		10.1.2 Characteristics
		10.1.3 Classification
	10.2 Real Estate Development Enterprises
		10.2.1 Related Concepts
		10.2.2 Conditions and Procedures for the Establishment of Real Estate Development Enterprises
		10.2.3 Investment Cost of a Real Estate Development Project
		10.2.4 Personnel and Organizational Structure
	10.3 Real Estate Brokerage Enterprises
		10.3.1 Brokers, Brokers and Agencies
		10.3.2 Real Estate Brokerage
		10.3.3 Establishment and Cancellation of Real Estate Brokerage Enterprises
		10.3.4 Business Model and Organizational Structure
	10.4 Real Estate Consulting Enterprise
		10.4.1 Main Types of Real Estate Consultation
		10.4.2 Characteristics of Real Estate Consultation
		10.4.3 Working Procedures
		10.4.4 The Role of Real Estate Consulting
	10.5 Real Estate Property Service Enterprises
		10.5.1 Overview of Real Estate Property Service Enterprises
		10.5.2 The Role of Property Services
		10.5.3 The Business Scope
	10.6 Real Estate Enterprise Qualification Management
		10.6.1 Background and Development of the Qualification Control System
		10.6.2 Quality Level Management
		10.6.3 Qualification Application for Newly Established Enterprises
	10.7 Establishment, Cancellation, Merger and Bankruptcy of Real Estate Enterprises
		10.7.1 Establishment
		10.7.2 Cancellation
		10.7.3 Merger
		10.7.4 Bankruptcy
11 Management of Property Right and Property Register
	11.1 How to Deal with the Expiration of Land Use Term
	11.2 Housing Ownership Certificate
	11.3 Land Use Right Certificate
	11.4 Alteration of Land Use Certificate
	11.5 Real Estate Notarization
	11.6 Real Estate Registration Management
	11.7 Registration of Property Rights
	11.8 Property Rights Registration Procedure
12 Dispute Resolution
	12.1 Real Estate Disputes
	12.2 Property Inheritance Disputes
	12.3 Dispute Settlement of Joint Ownership of Real Estate
	12.4 Disputation Settlement of Real Estate Transactions
13 Macroeconomic Regulation and Control of Real Estate
	13.1 The Notice of the State Council on Further Deepening the Reform of the Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction (GuoFa [1998]23)
	13.2 The Notice on Promoting the Sustained and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market (GuoFa[2003]No.18)
	13.3 Notice on Continuing to Carry Out Law Enforcement and Supervision on the Bidding, Auction and Listing Transfer of Operational Land Use Right (Order No.71)
	13.4 Circular of the General Office of the State Council on Practically Stabilizing Housing Prices
	13.5 Circular of the General Office of the State Council on Opinions on Adjusting Housing Supply Structure and Stabilizing Housing Prices Submitted by the Ministry of Construction and Other Departments
	13.6 Real Estate Destocking
	13.7 The House is for Living not for Speculation
	13.8 Equal Promotion of Rental and Sales—The Version 3.0 Era of Real Estate in China
	13.9 Different Cities Different Policies
	13.10 One City One Policy
	13.11 One District One Policy in Big Cities Becomes a New Bright Spot
	13.12 The Second Housing Reform: Three Three Systems
14 Other Real Estate Management
	14.1 Parking Space and Parking Garage
	14.2 Holiday Property
	14.3 Apartment for the Aged
	14.4 Property Right Hotel
	14.5 Office Buildings
	14.6 Industrial Housing
	14.7 Shop
	14.8 Logistics and Warehousing Land
	14.9 Greenhouse Shelter
Bibliography