Rapid Diagnosis in Ophthalmology Series: Neuro-Ophthalmology

Rapid Diagnosis in Ophthalmology Series: Neuro-Ophthalmology (Rapid Diagnoses in Ophthalmology)......Page 1
© 2008, Elsevier Inc.......Page 2
Series Preface......Page 3
Preface......Page 4
Section 1:           Transient Visual Loss......Page 5
Transient Monocular Visual Loss (Amaurosis Fugax)......Page 6
Transient Binocular Visual Loss......Page 8
Migraine with Typical Visual Aura......Page 10
Retinal Migraine (Presumed Retinal Vasospasm)......Page 12
Section 2:            Congenital Optic Nerve Disorders......Page 14
Congenitally Elevated Optic Disc......Page 15
Optic Disc Coloboma......Page 17
Optic Pit......Page 19
Morning Glory Optic Disc Anomaly......Page 21
Optic Disc Hypoplasia......Page 23
Section 3:            Acquired Optic Nerve or Chiasm Disorders......Page 25
Typical Optic Neuritis......Page 26
Atypical Optic Neuritis......Page 30
Papillitis (Neuroretinitis)......Page 32
Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy......Page 34
Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy......Page 36
Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy......Page 38
Hypotensive Ischemic Optic Neuropathy......Page 40
Toxic Optic Neuropathy......Page 42
Nutritional Deficiency Optic Neuropathy......Page 44
Dominantly Inherited Optic Neuropathy......Page 46
Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy......Page 48
Compressive Optic Neuropathy and Chiasmopathy......Page 50
Sphenoid Meningioma......Page 52
Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma......Page 54
Craniopharyngioma......Page 56
Pituitary Adenoma......Page 58
Optic Glioma (Pilocytic Astrocytoma of Optic Nerves or Chiasm)......Page 60
Anterior Visual Pathway Intracranial Aneurysm......Page 62
Traumatic Optic Neuropathy......Page 64
Radiation Optic Neuropathy......Page 66
Graves Optic Neuropathy......Page 68
Papilledema......Page 70
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)......Page 74
Hypertensive Optic Neuropathy......Page 78
Infiltrative (Neoplastic) Optic Neuropathy......Page 80
Paraneoplastic Optic Neuropathy......Page 82
Diabetic Papillopathy......Page 84
Section 4:  Retrochiasmal Vision Disorders......Page 86
Homonymous Hemianopia......Page 87
Cerebral (Retrogeniculate, Cortical) Blindness......Page 89
Visual Agnosia......Page 93
Visual Spatial And Attentional Disturbances......Page 95
Section 5:        Extraocular Muscle Disorders......Page 97
Orbital Myositis......Page 98
Graves Disease......Page 100
Genetic Extraocular Myopathy......Page 102
Myasthenia Gravis......Page 104
Section 6:                 Single Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Disorders......Page 107
Third Cranial Nerve Palsy......Page 108
Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsy......Page 110
Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy......Page 112
Section 7:                 Multiple Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Disorders......Page 114
Unilateral Ophthalmoplegia......Page 115
Bilateral Ophthalmoplegia......Page 117
Direct Carotid–cavernous Fistula......Page 120
Indirect (Dural) Carotid–cavernous Fistula......Page 122
Section 8:            Brainstem Ocular Motor Disorders......Page 126
Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia......Page 127
Skew Deviation......Page 129
Dorsal Midbrain (Pretectal) Syndrome......Page 131
Paramedian Thalamic or Midbrain Syndrome......Page 133
Paramedian Pontine Syndrome......Page 135
Dorsolateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome......Page 137
Acute Upgaze Deviation......Page 139
Acute Downgaze Deviation......Page 141
Acute Convergence Syndrome (Acute Comitant Esotropia)......Page 143
Omnidirectional Slow Saccades......Page 145
Omnidirectional Saccadic Pursuit......Page 147
Section 9:              Cerebral Gaze Disorders......Page 149
Congenital Ocular Motor Apraxia......Page 150
Acquired Ocular Motor Apraxia (Supranuclear Gaze Palsy)......Page 152
Acute Horizontal Gaze Deviation......Page 154
Spasm of the Near Reflex......Page 156
Ping Pong Gaze......Page 158
Section 10:      Nystagmus......Page 160
Physiologic Nystagmus......Page 161
Congenital Motor Nystagmus......Page 163
Congenital Sensory Nystagmus......Page 165
Monocular Pendular Nystagmus of Childhood......Page 167
Spasmus Nutans......Page 169
Peripheral Vestibular Nystagmus......Page 171
Acquired Binocular Pendular Nystagmus......Page 173
Sidebeat, Upbeat, and Downbeat Nystagmus......Page 175
Epileptic Nystagmus......Page 179
“Nystagmus” Of Extraocular Muscle Dysfunction......Page 181
Convergence–retraction “Nystagmus”......Page 183
Voluntary “Nystagmus”......Page 185
Section 11:            Saccadic Disorders......Page 187
Superior Oblique Myokymia......Page 188
Square Wave Jerks......Page 190
Ocular Flutter and Opsoclonus......Page 192
Ocular Dysmetria......Page 194
Ocular Bobbing......Page 196
Section 12:               Pupil Disorders......Page 198
Tonic Pupil......Page 199
Argyll Robertson Pupils......Page 201
Tectal (Dorsal Midbrain) Pupils......Page 203
Pharmacologically Dilated Pupil......Page 205
Mydriatic Pupil of Third Cranial Nerve Palsy......Page 207
Mydriatic Pupil of Traumatic Iridoplegia......Page 209
Episodic Pupil Dilation......Page 211
Physiologic (Simple, Benign, Essential) Anisocoria......Page 213
Horner Syndrome......Page 215
Section 13:              Eyelid Disorders......Page 219
Ptosis......Page 220
Lid Retraction......Page 222
Apraxia of Eyelid Opening......Page 224
Benign Essential Blepharospasm......Page 226
Hemifacial Spasm......Page 228
Index......Page 230