Radiologic Clinics Of North America. Diagnostic Challenges in Musculoskeletal Radiology

Cover
......Page 1
Preface......Page 2
Disc mechanics and physiology......Page 3
Development of nucleus replacement devices......Page 4
Contained and predefined devices......Page 5
Indications......Page 6
Results......Page 7
References......Page 8
Limits of low-field systems......Page 10
Cartilage......Page 11
Rotator cuff......Page 12
Instability......Page 13
Trauma......Page 14
Advantages and limits......Page 15
References......Page 16
Technique......Page 19
Technical complications......Page 20
Contrast extravasation......Page 21
Contrast resorption......Page 22
Postoperative meniscus......Page 23
Postoperative anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction......Page 24
Cyclops lesion......Page 26
Chondral lesions......Page 27
Intra-articular bodies......Page 28
Cystic adventitial disease......Page 29
References......Page 30
How to perform wrist MR arthrography......Page 33
Triangular fibrocartilage complex......Page 35
Triangular fibrocartilage complex tears......Page 37
MR imaging and MR arthrography......Page 38
Treatment......Page 39
Dorsal ligaments......Page 40
Intrinsic ligaments......Page 42
Scapholunate instability......Page 43
MR imaging and MR arthrography......Page 44
MR imaging and MR arthrography......Page 45
Midcarpal instability......Page 46
Ulnar impaction syndrome......Page 47
Ulnar styloid impaction syndrome......Page 48
Postoperative wrist......Page 49
Ulnar collateral ligament injury......Page 50
Trapeziometacarpal instability......Page 51
Summary......Page 52
References......Page 53
Tendons: ultrasound appearance......Page 56
Tendon imaging on MR imaging......Page 57
Ultrasound......Page 61
MR imaging......Page 64
References......Page 91
Direct MR arthrography......Page 93
Utility......Page 95
Labral tears......Page 96
Rotator cuff tears......Page 99
Summary......Page 100
References......Page 101
How to perform ankle MR arthrography......Page 103
Ligamentous injuries......Page 105
Ankle impingement syndromes......Page 107
Anterolateral impingement syndrome......Page 108
Anterior impingement syndrome......Page 109
Posteromedial impingement syndrome......Page 110
Cartilage lesions......Page 111
Osteochondral lesions of the talus......Page 112
Synovial disorders......Page 113
Indirect MR arthrography......Page 114
Summary......Page 115
References......Page 116
Clinical findings......Page 118
Radiographs......Page 119
MR imaging......Page 120
Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee......Page 121
Clinical presentation......Page 122
Bone scintigraphy......Page 123
Pathogenesis......Page 124
Transient osteoporosis, transient bone marrow edema syndrome, and reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome......Page 126
Subchondral insufficiency fracture......Page 127
Differential diagnosis between spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee and self-resolving lesions presenting the bone marrow edema pattern......Page 128
Particular setting: epiphyseal lesions observed after meniscectomy......Page 130
References......Page 131
Three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo imaging......Page 136
Sensitivity and specificity of MR imaging......Page 137
Image artifacts......Page 138
Three-dimensional driven equilibrium Fourier transform......Page 140
Three-dimensional steady-state free precession and multipoint fat-water separation......Page 141
Three-dimensional fast spin echo imaging......Page 142
References......Page 144
Basic principles of cartilage morphology......Page 147
T2 relaxation time measurements: technical aspects......Page 149
Factors influencing T2 relaxation: magic angle effect......Page 150
T2 relaxation and cartilage morphology......Page 151
Experience from clinical imaging......Page 152
Diffusion-weighted imaging and cartilage morphology......Page 153
References......Page 156
MR imaging protocol for diabetic foot......Page 160
Callous or ulceration......Page 162
Septic arthritis......Page 163
Spread of infection......Page 165
Differentiating diabetic neuroarthropathy versus osteomyelitis......Page 169
References......Page 171
Important interindividual variations in vertebral marrow appearance......Page 173
Limited intervertebral variations in vertebral marrow appearance......Page 174
Islands of red marrow......Page 175
Vertebral hemangioma......Page 176
Vertebral enostosis: compact bone island......Page 178
Focal nodular hyperplasia of red marrow......Page 179
Diffuse hematopoietic marrow hyperplasia......Page 180
References......Page 181